J/ApJ/809/8 Terrestrial planet occurrence rates for KOI stars (Burke+, 2015)
Terrestrial planet occurrence rates for the Kepler GK dwarf sample.
Burke C.J., Christiansen J.L., Mullally F., Seader S., Huber D., Rowe J.F.,
Coughlin J.L., Thompson S.E., Catanzarite J., Clarke B.D., Morton T.D.,
Caldwell D.A., Bryson S.T., Haas M.R., Batalha N.M., Jenkins J.M.,
Tenenbaum P., Twicken J.D., Li J., Quintana E., Barclay T., Henze C.E.,
Borucki W.J., Howell S.B., Still M.
<Astrophys. J., 809, 8 (2015)>
=2015ApJ...809....8B 2015ApJ...809....8B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Planets
Keywords: catalogs; eclipses; methods: statistical; planetary systems;
space vehicles; surveys
Abstract:
We measure planet occurrence rates using the planet candidates
discovered by the Q1-Q16 Kepler pipeline search. This study examines
planet occurrence rates for the Kepler GK dwarf target sample for
planet radii, 0.75≤Rp≤2.5R⊕, and orbital periods,
50≤Porb≤300days, with an emphasis on a thorough exploration and
identification of the most important sources of systematic
uncertainties. Integrating over this parameter space, we measure an
occurrence rate of F0=0.77 planets per star, with an allowed range
of 0.3≤F0≤1.9. The allowed range takes into account both statistical
and systematic uncertainties, and values of F0 beyond the allowed
range are significantly in disagreement with our analysis. We
generally find higher planet occurrence rates and a steeper increase
in planet occurrence rates toward small planets than previous studies
of the Kepler GK dwarf sample. Through extrapolation, we find that the
one year orbital period terrestrial planet occurrence rate
ζ1.0=0.1, with an allowed range of 0.01≤ζ1.0≤2, where
ζ1.0 is defined as the number of planets per star within 20% of
the Rp and Porb of Earth. For G dwarf hosts, the ζ1.0 parameter
space is a subset of the larger η⊕ parameter space, thus
ζ1.0 places a lower limit on η⊕ for G dwarf hosts.
From our analysis, we identify the leading sources of systematics
impacting Kepler occurrence rate determinations as reliability of the
planet candidate sample, planet radii, pipeline completeness, and
stellar parameters.
Description:
In this study, we adopt stellar parameters from the Q1-Q16 KIC
revision of Huber et al. (2014, J/ApJS/211/2) and we focus on planet
occurrence for the G and K dwarf sample observed by Kepler.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 12 110029 Kepler GK dwarf target samples
table3.dat 17 2321 Q1-Q16 planet candidate samples
table4.dat 64 10000 Planet distribution function (PLDF) model
parameter posterior samples
table8.dat 50 77 Model parameter posterior percentiles for
alternative analyses
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See also:
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
J/ApJ/808/194 : Performance of exoplanet search space missions (Leger+, 2015)
J/ApJ/807/45 : Habitable zones around M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)
J/ApJ/806/183 : Planet radii of Kepler Object of Interest (Wolfgang+, 2015)
J/ApJS/217/31 : Kepler planetary candidates. VI. 4yr Q1-Q16 (Mullally+, 2015)
J/ApJS/217/18 : Potential transit signals in Kepler Q1-Q17 (Seader+, 2015)
J/ApJ/799/180 : Radii of KOI Earth- to Neptune-sized planets (Silburt+, 2015)
J/A+A/566/A103 : Kepler planet host candidates imaging (Lillo-Box+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/119 : Sources in the Kepler field of view (Coughlin+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/2 : Revised properties of Q1-16 Kepler targets (Huber+, 2014)
J/ApJ/784/45 : Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. (Rowe+, 2014)
J/ApJS/210/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. IV. 22 months (Burke+, 2014)
J/ApJS/207/35 : Kepler pipeline signal-to-noise studies (Christiansen+, 2013)
J/ApJ/771/107 : Spectroscopy of faint KOI stars (Everett+, 2013)
J/ApJ/770/69 : Kepler planet candidates radii (Petigura+, 2013)
J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)
J/A+A/549/A109 : HARPS XXXI. The M-dwarf sample (Bonfils+, 2013)
J/PASP/124/1279 : Q3 Kepler's combined photometry (Christiansen+, 2012)
J/ApJ/757/141 : Companion IR detections in young associations (Kraus+, 2012)
J/ApJ/753/90 : Parameters of K5 and later type Kepler stars (Mann+, 2012)
J/ApJ/750/L37 : Stellar parameters of low-mass KOIs (Muirhead+, 2012)
J/ApJS/199/30 : Effective temperature for KIC stars (Pinsonneault+, 2012)
J/ApJS/199/24 : The first three quarters of Kepler mission (Tenenbaum+, 2012)
J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)
J/ApJ/738/170 : False positive Kepler planet candidates (Morton+, 2011)
J/other/Sci/330.653 : Detected planets in the Eta-Earth Survey (Howard+, 2010)
J/ApJ/646/505 : Catalog of nearby exoplanets (Butler+, 2006)
J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)
http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/ : NASA exoplanet archive
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 I8 --- KIC [757450/12984422] Kepler identifier
10 I1 --- Base In Baseline sample (1:True; 0:False)
12 I1 --- Ori In Original KIC sample (1:True; 0:False)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 F7.2 --- KOI [12.01/6251.01] Kepler Object of Interest
9 I1 --- Base In Baseline sample (1:True)
11 I1 --- Ori In Original KIC sample (1:True)
13 I1 --- High In High reliability sample (1:True)
15 I1 --- Full In Full long period sample (1:True)
17 I1 --- Trim In Trimmed long period sample (1:True)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 F9.5 --- alpha1 [-20/20] Powerlaw exponent for Rp below Rbrk
11- 19 F9.5 --- alpha2 [-20/20] Powerlaw exponent for Rp above Rbrk
21- 27 F7.5 --- Rbrk [0.7/2.5] Break location for broken powerlaw
in planet radius
29- 36 F8.5 --- Beta [-1.4/-0.1] Powerlaw exponent for orbital period
38- 44 F7.5 --- F0 [0.4/1.8] Normalization factor
46- 55 F10.4 [-] LnLike [-1164/-1151] Natural log of the likelihood
57- 64 F8.4 [-] LnPrior [-11.4/-11.3] Natural log of the Prior
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 22 A22 --- ID Analysis identification string
24- 29 F6.3 % PPc Posterior percentile
31- 36 F6.3 --- F0 [0.3/21.5] Normalization factor
38- 43 F6.3 --- alpha [-6.6/2.3] Powerlaw exponent for planet radius
averaged over parameter space
45- 50 F6.3 --- Beta [-2.3/3] Powerlaw exponent for orbital period
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 07-Dec-2015