J/ApJ/836/174 Extragalactic peaked-spectrum radio sources (Callingham+, 2017)
Extragalactic peaked-spectrum radio sources at low frequencies.
Callingham J.R., Ekers R.D., Gaensler B.M., Line J.L.B., Hurley-Walker N.,
Sadler E.M., Tingay S.J., Hancock P.J., Bell M.E., Dwarakanath K.S.,
For B.-Q., Franzen T.M.O., Hindson L., Johnston-Hollitt M., Kapinska A.D.,
Lenc E., McKinley B., Morgan J., Offringa A.R., Procopio P.,
Staveley-Smith L., Wayth R.B., Wu C., Zheng Q.
<Astrophys. J., 836, 174-174 (2017)>
=2017ApJ...836..174C 2017ApJ...836..174C (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Radio sources ; Radio continuum ; Cross identifications ;
Redshifts
Keywords: galaxies: active; radiation mechanisms: general;
radio continuum: general
Abstract:
We present a sample of 1483 sources that display spectral peaks
between 72MHz and 1.4GHz, selected from the GaLactic and Extragalactic
All-sky Murchison Widefield Array (GLEAM) survey. The GLEAM survey is
the widest fractional bandwidth all-sky survey to date, ideal for
identifying peaked-spectrum sources at low radio frequencies. Our
peaked-spectrum sources are the low-frequency analogs of
gigahertz-peaked spectrum (GPS) and compact-steep spectrum (CSS)
sources, which have been hypothesized to be the precursors to massive
radio galaxies. Our sample more than doubles the number of known
peaked-spectrum candidates, and 95% of our sample have a newly
characterized spectral peak. We highlight that some GPS sources
peaking above 5GHz have had multiple epochs of nuclear activity, and
we demonstrate the possibility of identifying high-redshift (z>2)
galaxies via steep optically thin spectral indices and low observed
peak frequencies. The distribution of the optically thick spectral
indices of our sample is consistent with past GPS/CSS samples but with
a large dispersion, suggesting that the spectral peak is a product of
an inhomogeneous environment that is individualistic. We find no
dependence of observed peak frequency with redshift, consistent with
the peaked-spectrum sample comprising both local CSS sources and
high-redshift GPS sources. The 5GHz luminosity distribution lacks the
brightest GPS and CSS sources of previous samples, implying that a
convolution of source evolution and redshift influences the type of
peaked-spectrum sources identified below 1GHz.
Description:
The GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array
(GLEAM) extragalactic catalog represents a significant advance in
selecting peaked-spectrum sources, since it is constituted of sources
that were contemporaneously surveyed with the widest fractional radio
bandwidth to date, with 20 flux density measurements between 72 and
231MHz. We also use the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS; Condon+ 1998,
VIII/65) and the Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS; See
Mauch+ 2008, VIII/81). Since the combination of NVSS and SUMSS cover
the entire GLEAM survey and are an order of magnitude more sensitive,
this study is sensitive to peaked-spectrum sources that peak anywhere
between 72MHz and 843MHz/1.4GHz.
The GLEAM survey was formed from observations conducted by the
Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), which surveyed the sky between 72 and
231MHz from 2013 August to 2014 July (Wayth+ 2015PASA...32...25W 2015PASA...32...25W - see
also VIII/100).
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
pkfreq.dat 804 1222 The peaked-spectrum sources in the high and
low frequency samples (sources with a spectral
peak between 72MHz and 1.4GHz)
gps.dat 740 261 The sources from the GPS sample (sources that
have a peak above 843MHz)
convex.dat 740 116 *The convex sources between 72MHz and 1.4GHz
outlined in the manuscript
pk72.dat 740 36 The sources that peak below 72MHz
refs.dat 83 90 References
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on convex.dat: We define a convex spectrum as having a negative spectral
index in the GLEAM band and a positive spectral index between the end of
the GLEAM band and the frequency of SUMSS/NVSS.
See section 6 for further explanations.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description of file: The tar file "ori.tar" in FTP contains
the 4 original files in FITS format with their original "readme.txt" file.
See also:
B/psr : ATNF Pulsar Catalogue (Manchester+, 2005)
VIII/1 : The 3C and 3CR Catalogues (Edge+ 1959-1962)
VIII/4 : Fourth Cambridge Survey (4C) (Pilkington+ 1965; Gower+ 1967)
VIII/2 : Molonglo Reference Catalog of Radio Sources (Large+ 1981)
VIII/14 : 87GB Catalog of radio sources (Gregory et al., 1991)
VII/178 : Optical Extragalactic Emission-line Objects (Hewitt+ 1991)
VIII/16 : Molonglo Reference Catalogue of Radio Sources (Large+ 1991)
VIII/35 : Radio Sources observed with Culgoora Circular Array (Slee 1995)
VIII/42 : Texas Survey of radio sources at 365MHz (Douglas+ 1996)
VIII/38 : The Parkes-MIT-NRAO 4.85GHz (PMN) Surveys (Griffith+ 1993-1996)
VIII/34 : Parkes Half-Jansky Flat-Spectrum Sample (Drinkwater + 1997)
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
VIII/69 : The WISH catalogue at 352 MHz (de Breuck+ 2002)
VII/250 : The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) (2dFGRS Team, 1998-2003)
VII/241 : The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (Croom+ 2004)
VIII/78 : Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) (Mauch+ 2006)
VIII/84 : A final non-redundant catalogue for 7C 151-MHz survey (Hales+ 2007)
VIII/81 : Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS V2.1) (Mauch+ 2008)
VII/259 : 6dF galaxy survey final redshift release (Jones+, 2009)
VII/260 : The SDSS-DR7 quasar catalog (Schneider+, 2010)
VIII/97 : 74MHz VLA Low-frequency Sky Survey Redux (VLSSr) (Lane+, 2014)
VII/274 : The Roma BZCAT - 5th edition (Massaro+, 2015)
VIII/100 : GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA survey (Hurley-Walker+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/216/173 : Bright extragalactic radio sources at 2.7 GHz (Wall+, 1985)
J/A+AS/80/103 : Optical spectrosc. of 1Jy, S4 and S5 sources (Stickel+ 1989)
J/ApJS/90/173 : PMN map catalog of radiosources (Gregory+, 1994)
J/A+AS/105/211 : Optical identification status of 1Jy catalog (Stickel+ 1994)
J/ApJS/107/19 : MRC/1Jy Radio source survey. I. (McCarthy+ 1996)
J/A+AS/124/259 : Westerbork Northern Sky Survey I. (Rengelink+ 1997)
J/A+AS/131/303 : GHz-Peaked-Spectrum radio sources (Stanghellini+ 1998)
J/A+A/363/887 : High freq. peakers. I. The bright sample (Dallacasa+, 2000)
J/A+A/386/97 : Parkes quarter-Jansky flat-spectrum sample (Jackson+, 2002)
J/AJ/126/2237 : Radio-excess IR gal. PMN/FSC sample selection (Drake+, 2003)
J/ApJ/609/564 : Blazar counterparts for 3EG sources (Sowards-Emmerd+, 2004)
J/ApJ/626/95 : Gamma-ray blazar candidates (Sowards-Emmerd+, 2005)
J/AJ/131/114 : The Molonglo Southern 4Jy sample. II (Burgess+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/372/425 : 2dF-SDSS Luminous Red Galaxy Survey, 2SLAQ (Cannon+, 2006)
J/A+A/450/959 : VLBA images of High Frequency Peakers (Orienti+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/371/898 : 20GHz extragalactic radio sources (Sadler+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/381/341 : MRCR-SUMSS Ultra-steep-spectrum sample (Broderick+, 2007)
J/A+A/463/97 : Optical observations of GPS radio sources (Labiano+, 2007)
J/MNRAS/375/931 : Radio sources in the 6dFGS (Mauch+, 2007)
J/A+A/469/451 : Radio continuum spectra of GPS galaxies (Torniainen+, 2007)
J/MNRAS/385/1297 : CENSORS spectroscopic observations (Brookes+, 2008)
J/MNRAS/390/819 : Combined NVSS-FIRST Galaxies (CoNFIG) sample (Gendre+, 2008)
J/ApJS/175/97 : Survey of γ-ray blazar candidates (Healey+, 2008)
J/ApJS/180/67 : Photometric selection of SDSS quasars. II. (Richards+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/401/1429 : WiggleZ dark energy survey (DR1) (Drinkwater+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/405/2302 : Improved redshifts for SDSS quasar spectra (Hewett+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/408/2261 : Compact steep spectrum sample (Kunert-Bajraszewska+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/402/2403 : Australia Telescope 20GHz Survey Catalog (Murphy+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/417/2651 : AT20G-optical catalogue (Mahony+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/416/1135 : Unbiased sample of CSS and GPS (Randall+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/421/1569 : Properties of 18286 SDSS radio galaxies (Best+, 2012)
J/ApJ/754/38 : Flat-Spectrum Radio QSOs (Chand+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/434/956 : AT20G high-angular-resolution catalogue (Chhetri+, 2013)
J/ApJ/795/63 : Faraday rotation from magnesium II absorbers (Farnes+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/450/1477 : VLA 352MHz image of the Bootes field. I. (Coppejans+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/453/1223 : BCG high radio-frequency properties (Hogan+, 2015)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: pkfreq.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- --- [GLEAM]
7- 20 A14 --- GLEAM Name of the source in the GLEAM extragalactic
catalog (Hurley-Walker+, 2016, VIII/100)
(Gleam_name)
22- 31 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension of the source in the
GLEAM extragalactic catalog (J2000) (RA_gleam)
33- 42 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination of the source in the
GLEAM extragalactic catalog (J2000) (Dec_gleam)
44- 52 F9.6 Jy Spk [0.1/54] Flux density at the spectral peak (S_p)
54- 61 F8.6 Jy e_Spk [0.02/3] Uncertainty in Spk (Sperror)
63- 65 I3 MHz nuPk [72/944] Frequency of the spectral peak (nu_p)
67- 69 I3 MHz e_nuPk [8/330] Uncertainty in nuPk (nuperror)
71- 79 F9.6 --- alpTn [-3/1.6] Optically thin spectral index from
fitting Equation 3 to the entire spectrum
(alpha_thin) (1)
81- 88 F8.6 --- e_alpTn [0.04/1] Uncertainty in alpTn (alphathinerror)
90- 97 F8.6 --- alpTk [0.003/5]? Optically thick spectral index from
fitting Equation 3 to the entire spectrum
(alpha_thick) (1)
99-106 F8.6 --- e_alpTk [0.07/3]? Uncertainty in alpTk
(alphathickerror)
108-116 F9.6 --- alpLow [-1.1/2.7] Low frequency spectral index derived
from fitting a power-law to data between 72 and
231MHz (alpha_low)
118-125 F8.6 --- e_alpLow [0.06/0.9] Uncertainty in alpLow
(alphalowerror)
127-135 F9.6 --- alpHigh [-2.1/0] High frequency spectral index derived
from fitting a power-law to SUMSS and/or NVSS
flux density point(s) and to GLEAM data at 189
and 212MHz (alpha_high)
137-144 F8.6 --- e_alpHigh [0.07/0.5] Uncertainty in alpHigh
(alphahigherror)
146-154 F9.6 --- q [-10/9] Curvature parameter derived from fitting
Equation 2 to only the GLEAM data (q) (G1)
156-163 F8.6 --- e_q [0.01/5] Uncertainty in q (q_error)
165-172 F8.6 --- z [0.03/5.2]? Spectroscopic redshift (z)
174-175 I2 --- r_z [4/89]? Reference for the reported spectroscopic
redshift (z_ref) (see refs.dat file)
177-185 F9.6 Jy S200 [0.1/52] Integrated 200MHz flux density
measurement of the source in the GLEAM
wideband image (S_200)
187-194 F8.6 Jy e_S200 [0.005/0.2] Uncertainty in S200 (S200error)
196-205 F10.6 deg RAVdeg ? Right ascension of the source in VLSSr
(Lane+, 2014, VIII/97) (RA_vlssr)
207-216 F10.6 deg DEVdeg ? Declination of the source in VLSSr (Dec_vlssr)
218-226 F9.6 Jy SVLSSr [0.3/57]? VLSSr flux density at 74MHz (S_vlssr)
228-235 F8.6 Jy e_SVLSSr [0.01/3]? Uncertainty in SVLSSr, convolved with
calibration uncertainty (Svlssrerror)
237-243 A7 --- --- [TGSSADR]
245-260 A16 --- TGSSADR Name of the source in TGSS-ADR1
(Intema+, 2017, J/A+A/598/A78) (TGSS-ADR1_name)
262-270 F9.5 deg RATdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
TGSS-ADR1 (J2000) (RA_tgss)
272-280 F9.5 deg DETdeg ? Declination of the source in
TGSS-ADR1 (J2000) (Dec_tgss)
282-288 F7.4 Jy STGSS [0.04/58]? TGSS-ADR1 flux density at 150MHz
(S_tgss)
290-295 F6.4 Jy e_STGSS [0.006/6]? Uncertainty in STGSS (Stgsserror)
297-309 A13 --- MRC Name of the source in MRC
(Large+, 1991, VIII/16) (MRC_name)
311-320 F10.6 deg RAMdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
MRC (J2000) (RA_mrc)
322-331 F10.6 deg DEMdeg ? Declination of the source in
MRC (J2000) (Dec_mrc)
333-337 F5.2 Jy SMRC [0.7/52]? MRC flux density at 408MHz (S_mrc)
339-342 F4.2 Jy e_SMRC [0.04/3]? Uncertainty in SMRC, convolved with
calibration uncertainty (Smrcerror)
344-353 F10.6 deg RASdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
SUMSS (J2000) (RA_sumss)
355-363 F9.5 deg DESdeg ? Declination of the source in
SUMSS (J2000) (Dec_sumss)
365-373 F9.6 Jy SSUMSS [0.02/25]? SUMSS flux density at 843MHz
(S_sumss)
375-382 F8.6 Jy e_SSUMSS [0.001/2]? Uncertainty in SSUMSS, convolved with
calibration uncertainty (Ssummserror)
384-393 F10.6 deg RANdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
NVSS (J2000) (RA_nvss)
395-404 F10.6 deg DENdeg ? Declination of the source in
NVSS (J2000) (Dec_nvss)
406-414 F9.6 Jy SNVSS [0.01/9]? NVSS flux density at 1.4GHz (S_nvss)
416-423 F8.6 Jy e_SNVSS [0.0008/0.5]? Uncertainty in SNVSS, convolved
with calibration uncertainty (Snvsserror)
425-434 F10.6 Jy S76 [-0.4/52] Integrated flux density at 76MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_76)
436-443 F8.6 Jy e_S76 [0.05/2] Uncertainty in S76, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S76err)
445-453 F9.6 Jy S84 [-0.2/54] Integrated flux density at 84MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_84)
455-462 F8.6 Jy e_S84 [0.04/2] Uncertainty in S84, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S84err)
464-472 F9.6 Jy S92 [-0.2/54] Integrated flux density at 92MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_92)
474-481 F8.6 Jy e_S92 [0.03/2] Uncertainty in S92, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S92err)
483-491 F9.6 Jy S99 [-0.2/54] Integrated flux density at 99MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_99)
493-500 F8.6 Jy e_S99 [0.03/2] Uncertainty in S99, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S99err)
502-510 F9.6 Jy S107 [-0.2/56] Integrated flux density at 107MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_107)
512-519 F8.6 Jy e_S107 [0.02/2] Uncertainty in S107, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S107err)
521-529 F9.6 Jy S115 [-0.2/53] Integrated flux density at 115MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_115)
531-538 F8.6 Jy e_S115 [0.02/2] Uncertainty in S115, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S115err)
540-548 F9.6 Jy S122 [-0.05/51] Integrated flux density at 122MHz
from the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_122)
550-557 F8.6 Jy e_S122 [0.02/2] Uncertainty in S122, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S122err)
559-567 F9.6 Jy S130 [-0.005/48] Integrated flux density at 130MHz
from the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_130)
569-576 F8.6 Jy e_S130 [0.02/2] Uncertainty in S130, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S130err)
578-586 F9.6 Jy S143 [0.01/46] Integrated flux density at 143MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_143)
588-595 F8.6 Jy e_S143 [0.01/2] Uncertainty in S143, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S143err)
597-605 F9.6 Jy S151 [0.04/46] Integrated flux density at 151MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_151)
607-614 F8.6 Jy e_S151 [0.01/2] Uncertainty in S151, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S151err)
616-624 F9.6 Jy S158 [0.04/47] Integrated flux density at 158MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_158)
626-633 F8.6 Jy e_S158 [0.01/2] Uncertainty in S158, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S158err)
635-643 F9.6 Jy S166 [0.05/48] Integrated flux density at 166MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_166)
645-652 F8.6 Jy e_S166 [0.01/2] Uncertainty in S166, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S166err)
654-662 F9.6 Jy S174 [0.09/50]? Integrated flux density at 174MHz
from the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_174)
664-671 F8.6 Jy e_S174 [0.01/2]? Uncertainty in S174, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S174err)
673-681 F9.6 Jy S181 [0.06/51]? Integrated flux density at 181MHz
from the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_181)
683-690 F8.6 Jy e_S181 [0.01/2]? Uncertainty in S181, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S181err)
692-700 F9.6 Jy S189 [0.1/51]? Integrated flux density at 189MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_189)
702-709 F8.6 Jy e_S189 [0.01/2]? Uncertainty in S189, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S189err)
711-719 F9.6 Jy S197 [0.05/51]? Integrated flux density at 197MHz
from the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_197)
721-728 F8.6 Jy e_S197 [0.01/2]? Uncertainty in S197, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S197err)
730-738 F9.6 Jy S204 [0.06/51]? Integrated flux density at 204MHz
from the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_204)
740-747 F8.6 Jy e_S204 [0.01/2]? Uncertainty in S204, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S204err)
749-757 F9.6 Jy S212 [0.1/51] Integrated flux density at 212MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_212)
759-766 F8.6 Jy e_S212 [0.01/2] Uncertainty in S212, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S212err)
768-776 F9.6 Jy S220 [0.1/51] Integrated flux density at 220MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_220)
778-785 F8.6 Jy e_S220 [0.01/2] Uncertainty in S220, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S220err)
787-795 F9.6 Jy S227 [0.05/51]? Integrated flux density at 227MHz
from the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_227)
797-804 F8.6 Jy e_S227 [0.01/2]? Uncertainty in S227, which is the
convolution of fitting and systematic errors
(S227err)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Equation (3) in section 4.1 as below:
Sν=Sp/(1-e-1)(1-e-(ν/νp){alphathin-αthick)
(ν/νp)αthick^
where αthick and αthin are the spectral indices in
the optically thick and optically thin regimes of the spectrum,
respectively. Sp is the flux density at the frequency νp.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: gps.dat convex.dat pk72.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 A5 --- --- [GLEAM]
7- 20 A14 --- GLEAM Name of the source in the GLEAM extragalactic
catalog (Hurley-Walker+, 2016, VIII/100)
(Gleam_name)
22- 31 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension of the source in the
GLEAM extragalactic catalog (J2000) (RA_gleam)
33- 42 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination of the source in the
GLEAM extragalactic catalog (J2000) (Dec_gleam)
44- 52 F9.6 --- alpLow Low frequency spectral index derived from
fitting a power-law to data between 72 and
231MHz (alpha_low)
54- 61 F8.6 --- e_alpLow Uncertainty in alpLow (alphalowerror)
63- 71 F9.6 --- alpHigh High frequency spectral index derived from
fitting a power-law to SUMSS and/or NVSS flux
density point(s) and to GLEAM data at 189 and
212MHz (alpha_high)
73- 80 F8.6 --- e_alpHigh Uncertainty in alpHigh (alphahigherror)
82- 90 F9.6 --- q Curvature parameter derived from fitting
Equation 2 to only the GLEAM data (q) (G1)
92- 99 F8.6 --- e_q Uncertainty in q (q_error)
101-108 F8.6 --- z [0.006/4.3]? Spectroscopic redshift
(only for gps.dat) (z)
110-111 I2 --- r_z [0/86]? Reference for the reported spectroscopic
redshift (z_ref) (see refs.dat file)
113-121 F9.6 Jy S200 [0.1/41] Integrated 200MHz flux density
measurement of the source in the GLEAM
wideband image (S_200)
123-130 F8.6 Jy e_S200 Uncertainty in S200 (S200error)
132-141 F10.6 deg RAVdeg ? Right ascension of the source in VLSSr
(RA_vlssr)
143-152 F10.6 deg DEVdeg ? Declination of the source in VLSSr (Dec_vlssr)
154-162 F9.6 Jy SVLSSr ? VLSSr flux density at 74MHz (S_vlssr)
164-171 F8.6 Jy e_SVLSSr ? Uncertainty in SVLSSr, convolved with
calibration uncertainty (Svlssrerror)
173-179 A7 --- --- [TGSSADR]
181-196 A16 --- TGSSADR Name of the source in TGSS-ADR1
(Intema+, 2017, J/A+A/598/A78) (TGSS-ADR1_name)
198-206 F9.5 deg RATdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
TGSS-ADR1 (J2000) (RA_tgss)
208-216 F9.5 deg DETdeg ? Declination of the source in
TGSS-ADR1 (J2000) (Dec_tgss)
218-224 F7.4 Jy STGSS ? TGSS-ADR1 flux density at 150MHz (S_tgss)
226-231 F6.4 Jy e_STGSS ? Uncertainty in STGSS (Stgsserror)
233-245 A13 --- MRC Name of the source in MRC
(Large+, 1991, VIII/16) (MRC_name)
247-256 F10.6 deg RAMdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
MRC (J2000) (RA_mrc)
258-267 F10.6 deg DEMdeg ? Declination of the source in
MRC (J2000) (Dec_mrc)
269-273 F5.2 Jy SMRC ? MRC flux density at 408MHz (S_mrc)
275-278 F4.2 Jy e_SMRC ? Uncertainty in SMRC, convolved with
calibration uncertainty (Smrcerror)
280-289 F10.6 deg RASdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
SUMSS (J2000) (RA_sumss)
291-299 F9.5 deg DESdeg ? Declination of the source in
SUMSS (J2000) (Dec_sumss)
301-309 F9.6 Jy SSUMSS ? SUMSS flux density at 843MHz (S_sumss)
311-318 F8.6 Jy e_SSUMSS ? Uncertainty in SSUMSS, convolved with
calibration uncertainty (Ssummserror)
320-329 F10.6 deg RANdeg ? Right ascension of the source in
NVSS (J2000) (RA_nvss)
331-340 F10.6 deg DENdeg ? Declination of the source in
NVSS (J2000) (Dec_nvss)
342-350 F9.6 Jy SNVSS ? NVSS flux density at 1.4GHz (S_nvss)
352-359 F8.6 Jy e_SNVSS ? Uncertainty in SNVSS, convolved with
calibration uncertainty (Snvsserror)
361-370 F10.6 Jy S76 Integrated flux density at 76MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_76)
372-379 F8.6 Jy e_S76 Uncertainty in S76, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S76err)
381-389 F9.6 Jy S84 Integrated flux density at 84MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_84)
391-398 F8.6 Jy e_S84 Uncertainty in S84, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S84err)
400-408 F9.6 Jy S92 Integrated flux density at 92MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_92)
410-417 F8.6 Jy e_S92 Uncertainty in S92, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S92err)
419-427 F9.6 Jy S99 Integrated flux density at 99MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_99)
429-436 F8.6 Jy e_S99 Uncertainty in S99, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S99err)
438-446 F9.6 Jy S107 Integrated flux density at 107MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_107)
448-455 F8.6 Jy e_S107 Uncertainty in S107, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S107err)
457-465 F9.6 Jy S115 Integrated flux density at 115MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_115)
467-474 F8.6 Jy e_S115 Uncertainty in S115, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S115err)
476-484 F9.6 Jy S122 Integrated flux density at 122MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_122)
486-493 F8.6 Jy e_S122 Uncertainty in S122, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S122err)
495-503 F9.6 Jy S130 Integrated flux density at 130MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_130)
505-512 F8.6 Jy e_S130 Uncertainty in S130, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S130err)
514-522 F9.6 Jy S143 Integrated flux density at 143MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_143)
524-531 F8.6 Jy e_S143 Uncertainty in S143, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S143err)
533-541 F9.6 Jy S151 Integrated flux density at 151MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_151)
543-550 F8.6 Jy e_S151 Uncertainty in S151, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S151err)
552-560 F9.6 Jy S158 Integrated flux density at 158MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_158)
562-569 F8.6 Jy e_S158 Uncertainty in S158, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S158err)
571-579 F9.6 Jy S166 Integrated flux density at 166MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_166)
581-588 F8.6 Jy e_S166 Uncertainty in S166, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S166err)
590-598 F9.6 Jy S174 ? Integrated flux density at 174MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_174)
600-607 F8.6 Jy e_S174 ? Uncertainty in S174, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S174err)
609-617 F9.6 Jy S181 ? Integrated flux density at 181MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_181)
619-626 F8.6 Jy e_S181 ? Uncertainty in S181, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S181err)
628-636 F9.6 Jy S189 ? Integrated flux density at 189MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_189)
638-645 F8.6 Jy e_S189 ? Uncertainty in S189, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S189err)
647-655 F9.6 Jy S197 ? Integrated flux density at 197MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_197)
657-664 F8.6 Jy e_S197 ? Uncertainty in S197, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S197err)
666-674 F9.6 Jy S204 ? Integrated flux density at 204MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_204)
676-683 F8.6 Jy e_S204 ? Uncertainty in S204, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S204err)
685-693 F9.6 Jy S212 Integrated flux density at 212MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_212)
695-702 F8.6 Jy e_S212 Uncertainty in S212, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S212err)
704-712 F9.6 Jy S220 Integrated flux density at 220MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_220)
714-721 F8.6 Jy e_S220 Uncertainty in S220, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S220err)
723-731 F9.6 Jy S227 ? Integrated flux density at 227MHz from
the GLEAM extragalactic catalog (S_227)
733-740 F8.6 Jy e_S227 ? Uncertainty in S227, which is the convolution
of fitting and systematic errors (S227err)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Ref Reference code
4- 22 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode of the reference
24- 49 A26 --- Auth First author's name(s)
51- 83 A33 --- Comm Comment
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global notes:
Note (G1): Equation (2) in section 4.1 as below:
Sν=αναeq(lnν)2
where q parametrizes the spectral curvature and
νp=e-α/2q is the frequency at which the spectrum peaks.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 26-Sep-2017