J/ApJ/843/40 The 2HWC HAWC Observatory gamma-ray cat. (Abeysekara+, 2017)
The 2HWC HAWC Observatory gamma-ray catalog.
Abeysekara A.U., Albert A., Alfaro R., Alvarez C., Alvarez J.D., Arceo R.,
Arteaga-velazquez J.C., Ayala Solares H.A., Barber A.S., Baughman B.,
Bautista-elivar N., Becerra Gonzalez J., Becerril A., Belmont-moreno E.,
Benzvi S.Y., Berley D., Bernal A., Braun J., Brisbois C.,
Caballero-mora K.S., Capistran T., Carraminana A., Casanova S.,
Castillo M., Cotti U., Cotzomi J., Coutino De Leon S., De La Fuente E.,
De Leon C., Diaz Hernandez R., Dingus B.L., Duvernois M.A.,
Diaz-velez J.C., Ellsworth R.W., Engel K., Fiorino D.W., Fraija N.,
Garcia-gonzalez J.A., Garfias F., Gerhardt M., Gonzalez Munoz A.,
Gonzalez M.M., Goodman J.A., Hampel-arias Z., Harding J.P., Hernandez S.,
Hernandez-almada A., Hinton J., Hui C.M., Huntemeyer P., Iriarte A.,
Jardin-blicq A., Joshi V., Kaufmann S., Kieda D., Lara A., Lauer R.J.,
Lee W.H., Lennarz D., Leon Vargas H., Linnemann J.T., Longinotti A.L.,
Luis Raya G., Luna-garcia R., Lopez-coto R., Malone K., Marinelli S.S.,
Martinez O., Martinez-castellanos I., Martinez-castro J.,
Martinez-huerta H., Matthews J.A., Miranda-romagnoli P., Moreno E.,
Mostafa M., Nellen L., Newbold M., Nisa M.U., Noriega-papaqui R.,
Pelayo R., Pretz J., Perez-perez E.G., Ren Z., Rho C.D., Riviere C.,
Rosa-gonzalez D., Rosenberg M., Ruiz-velasco E., Salazar H.,
Salesa Greus F., Sandoval A., Schneider M., Schoorlemmer H., Sinnis G.,
Smith A.J., Springer R.W., Surajbali P., Taboada I., Tibolla O.,
Tollefson K., Torres I., Ukwatta T.N., Vianello G., Villasenor L.,
Weisgarber T., Westerhoff S., Wisher I.G., Wood J., Yapici T., Younk P.W.,
Zepeda A., Zhou H.
<Astrophys. J., 843, 40-40 (2017)>
=2017ApJ...843...40A 2017ApJ...843...40A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Gamma rays; Active gal. nuclei
Keywords: catalogs; gamma rays: general; surveys
Abstract:
We present the first catalog of TeV gamma-ray sources realized with
data from the newly completed High Altitude Water Cherenkov
Observatory (HAWC). It is the most sensitive wide field-of-view TeV
telescope currently in operation, with a one-year survey sensitivity
of ∼5%-10% of the flux of the Crab Nebula. With an instantaneous field
of view >1.5sr and >90% duty cycle, it continuously surveys and
monitors the sky for gamma-ray energies between hundreds of GeV and
tens of TeV. HAWC is located in Mexico, at a latitude of 19°N, and
was completed in 2015 March. Here, we present the 2HWC catalog, which
is the result of the first source search performed with the complete
HAWC detector. Realized with 507 days of data, it represents the most
sensitive TeV survey to date for such a large fraction of the sky. A
total of 39 sources were detected, with an expected number of false
detections of 0.5 due to background fluctuation. Out of these sources,
19 are new sources that are not associated with previously known TeV
sources (association criteria: <0.5° away). The source list,
including the position measurement, spectrum measurement, and
uncertainties, is reported, then each source is briefly discussed. Of
the 2HWC associated sources, 10 are reported in TeVCat as PWN or SNR:
2 as blazars and the remaining eight as unidentified.
Description:
The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) detector is located in
central Mexico at 18°59'41"N,97°18'30.6"W and an elevation of
4100m a.s.l. The instrument comprises of 300 identical water Cherenkov
detectors (WCDs). The angular resolution of the HAWC instrument varies
with the event size (number of hit photomultiplier tubes (PMTs)). It
ranges from ∼0.2° (68% containment) for large events events
hitting almost all the PMTs, to ∼1.0° for events near the analysis
threshold.
This paper presents a catalog of TeV gamma-ray sources resulting from
a search for significantly enhanced point and extended emission,
detected in the gamma-ray sky maps of 17 months of HAWC data; between
2014-November-26 and 2016-June-02.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 81 40 2HWC source list and nearest TeVCat sources
table3.dat 58 55 *The 2HWC catalog: source radius, fitted spectrum,
and nearest TeVCat source
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Note on table3.dat: For some sources, an additional line indicates another
spectral fit with a more extended source assumption, as indicated in
Section 3.6.
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See also:
B/psr : ATNF Pulsar Catalogue (Manchester+, 2005)
VII/272 : A catalogue of Galactic supernova remnants (Green, 2014)
IX/67 : Incremental Fermi LAT 4th cat. (4FGL-DR3) (Fermi-LAT col., 2022)
J/ApJS/123/79 : Third EGRET catalog (3EG) (Hartman+, 1999)
J/ApJS/188/405 : Fermi-LAT first source catalog (1FGL) (Abdo+, 2010)
J/other/NewA/16.503 : 2MASS observation of BL Lac objects II. (Mao+, 2011)
J/ApJS/199/31 : Fermi LAT second source catalog (2FGL) (Nolan+, 2012)
J/ApJS/208/17 : 2nd Fermi LAT cat. of gamma-ray pulsars (2PC) (Abdo+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/34 : The first Fermi-LAT >10GeV catalog (1FHL) (Ackermann+, 2013)
J/ApJS/218/23 : Fermi LAT third source catalog (3FGL) (Acero+, 2015)
J/ApJS/222/5 : The second Fermi-LAT >50GeV catalog (2FHL) (Ackermann+, 2016)
J/A+A/587/A71 : SNR G11.0-0.0 1.4GHz radio cont. image (Castelletti+, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/8 : The first Fermi LAT SNR catalog (1SC) (Acero+, 2016)
J/ApJ/905/76 : 3rd HAWC cat. of VHE gamma-ray sources (Albert+, 2020)
http://tevcat.uchicago.edu/ : Very High Energy Gamma-Ray online catalog
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- --- [2HWC]
6- 14 A9 --- 2HWC 2HWC source identifier (JHHMM+DDd)
16 A1 --- f_2HWC [*] Flag on 2HWC (G1)
18- 20 A3 --- Search Point source search (1)
22- 28 E7.3 --- TS [25.3/11000] Test statistic corresponding
to "Search" (2)
30- 35 F6.2 deg RAdeg [83.6/308] Right ascension (J2000)
37- 42 F6.2 deg DEdeg [-19.1/41.8] Declination (J2000)
44- 49 F6.2 deg GLON [11.3/311.2] Galactic longitude
51- 55 F5.2 deg GLAT [-5.8/65.1] Galactic latitude
57- 60 F4.2 deg errPos [0.06/0.8] 1σ statistical uncertainty
of the position
62- 65 F4.2 deg Sep [0.01/8.8] Separation with the nearest TeVCat
source
67- 81 A15 --- TeVCat Nearest TeVCat source name (if Sep<0.5°)(3)
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Note (1): The search in which the source first appeared with a TS above the
threshold value of 25. "PS" denotes the point source search, with 0.5°,
1°, and 2° as the disk radius of the extended search.
Note (2): Test statistic (TS) based on the ratio of the likelihood that a
source is present and the null hypotheses that the observed event
population is due to background alone. See Section 3.
Note (3): This reference to the nearest TeVCat source is only indicative and
not a claim of identification. Each source is briefly discussed in
Section 5.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- --- [2HWC]
6- 14 A9 --- 2HWC 2HWC source identifier (JHHMM+DDMM)
16 A1 --- f_2HWC Flag on 2HWC (G1)
18- 20 F3.1 deg Rad [0.5/2]? Tested radius
22- 26 F5.2 --- Ind [-3.25/-1.5] Index
28- 31 F4.2 --- e_Ind [0.01/0.67] Ind uncertainty (4)
33- 37 F5.1 10-15TeV-1/cm2/s FGam [1.6/341.3] 7TeV differential flux
39- 42 F4.1 10-15TeV-1/cm2/s e_FGam [1.5/18.8] FGam uncertainty (4)
44- 58 A15 --- TeVCat Nearest TeVCat source name
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Note (4): The uncertainties reported here are statistical only. The systematic
uncertainties are 0.1° for the position, 50% for the flux, and 0.2
for the index.
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Note (G1): Flag as follows:
* = Sources that are not separated from their neighbor by a large TS gap,
as defined in Section 2.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 01-Aug-2022