J/ApJ/854/145 Opt. photometry & NIR spectroscopy of Wolf 1130 (Mace+, 2018)
Wolf 1130: a nearby triple system containing a cool, ultramassive white dwarf.
Mace G.N., Mann A.W., Skiff B.A., Sneden C., Kirkpatrick J.D.,
Schneider A.C., Kidder B., Gosnell N.M., Kim H., Mulligan B.W., Prato L.,
Jaffe D.
<Astrophys. J., 854, 145 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...854..145M 2018ApJ...854..145M
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple; Stars, white dwarf; Photometry;
Optical; Spectra, infrared; Radial velocities
Keywords: binaries: close ; binaries: spectroscopic ; brown dwarfs ;
novae, cataclysmic variables ; subdwarfs ; white dwarfs
Abstract:
Following the discovery of the T8 subdwarf WISE J200520.38+542433.9
(Wolf 1130C), which has a proper motion in common with a binary
(Wolf 1130AB) consisting of an M subdwarf and a white dwarf, we set
out to learn more about the old binary in the system. We find that the
A and B components of Wolf 1130 are tidally locked, which is revealed
by the coherence of more than a year of V-band photometry phase-folded
to the derived orbital period of 0.4967 days. Forty new high-resolution,
near-infrared spectra obtained with the Immersion Grating Infrared
Spectrometer (IGRINS) provide radial velocities and a projected
rotational velocity (vsini) of 14.7±0.7km/s for the M subdwarf. In
tandem with a Gaia parallax-derived radius and verified tidal locking,
we calculate an inclination of i=29°±2°. From the
single-lined orbital solution and the inclination we derive an
absolute mass for the unseen primary (1.24-0.15+0.19M☉). Its
non-detection between 0.2 and 2.5µm implies that it is an old
(>3.7Gyr) and cool (Teff<7000K) ONe white dwarf. This is the first
ultramassive white dwarf within 25pc. The evolution of Wolf 1130AB
into a cataclysmic variable is inevitable, making it a potential SN Ia
progenitor. The formation of a triple system with a primary mass >100
times the tertiary mass and the survival of the system through the
common-envelope phase, where ∼80% of the system mass was lost, is
remarkable. Our analysis of Wolf 1130 allows us to infer its formation
and evolutionary history, which has unique implications for
understanding low-mass star and brown dwarf formation around
intermediate-mass stars.
Description:
We obtained V-band CCD photometry of Wolf 1130AB using the Lowell 31
inch (0.7m effective aperture) telescope in robotic mode on 61 nights
between UT dates 2014 July 19 and 2015 November 03. A total of 1170
observations were obtained.
A near-infrared spectrum (0.7-2.5um) of Wolf 1130AB was obtained using
the SpeX spectrograph on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF)
on 2013 May 15 UT (R∼200).
Wolf 1130AB was observed with Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer
(IGRINS) 40 times between 2014 July 11 and 2015 August 05 UT at
McDonald Observatory. A log of the observations is provided in Table 2.
IGRINS is unique in its ability to observe the entire H- and K-bands
(1.45-2.5um) in a single exposure at R∼45000.
Objects:
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RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s) (Period)
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20 05 02.19 +54 26 03.2 Wolf 1130 = V* V1513 Cyg (P=0.4967)
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 30 1170 V-band photometry of Wolf 1130AB
table2.dat 41 40 IGRINS derived radial velocities of Wolf 1130A
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See also:
III/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)
I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)
VI/39 : Model Atmospheres (Kurucz, 1979)
V/99 : Cataclysmic Binaries and LMXB Catalogue (Ritter+ 1998)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
J/AJ/113/806 : M-Subdwarfs (Gizis 1997)
J/ApJS/141/503 : Radial Velocities for 889 late-type stars (Nidever+, 2002)
J/MNRAS/367/1329 : Elemental abundances for 176 stars (Reddy+, 2006)
J/A+A/465/249 : Age and colors of massive white dwarf stars (Althaus+, 2007)
J/ApJS/175/191 : Variables from 2MASS calibration fields (Plavchan+, 2008)
J/ApJ/704/975 : Rotational velocities for M dwarfs (Jenkins+, 2009)
J/PASP/121/117 : Fe & Ti abundances of low-metallicity M stars (Woolf+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/407/1657 : Rotation velocities of dwarf M stars (Houdebine, 2010)
J/A+A/521/A12 : Radial velocities of nearby late-type stars (Maldonado+, 2010)
J/A+A/529/A75 : Limb-darkening coefficients (Claret+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/426/1507 : Detached M dwarf eclipsing binaries in WTS (Birkby+, 2012)
J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)
J/ApJ/753/156 : T/Y brown dwarfs with WISE photometry (Kirkpatrick+, 2012)
J/ApJ/750/L37 : Stellar parameters of low-mass KOIs (Muirhead+, 2012)
J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)
J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)
J/AJ/145/102 : Bright M dwarfs spectrosc. in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)
J/ApJS/205/6 : T dwarf population revealed by WISE (Mace+, 2013)
J/AJ/145/52 : Abundances of late K & M dwarfs in binary syst. (Mann+, 2013)
J/ApJ/779/188 : Spectra of nearby late K and M Kepler stars (Mann+, 2013)
J/A+A/551/A36 : Metallicity of M dwarfs. III. (Neves+, 2013)
J/ApJ/794/143 : New SpeX Observations of M7-L6 Dwarfs (Bardalez+, 2014)
J/A+A/562/A71 : Abundances of solar neighbourhood dwarfs (Bensby+, 2014)
J/ApJ/795/161 : Activity & rotation in Praesepe & the Hyades (Douglas+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/443/2561 : CONCH-SHELL catalog of nearby M dwarfs (Gaidos+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014)
J/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)
J/ApJ/810/158 : M,L,T dwarfs parameters and SEDs (Filippazzo+, 2015)
J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)
J/ApJ/810/157 : V471 Tau system: RVs and BVRI LCs (Vaccaro+, 2015)
J/AJ/152/141 : Solar neighborhood. XXXVII. RVs for M dwarfs (Benedict+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/40 : Spectrosc. of 341 bright A- & B-type stars (Gullikson+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/462/2295 : 25 parsec local white dwarf population (Holberg+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/455/3413 : New WD and subdwarf stars in SDSS DR12 (Kepler+, 2016)
J/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation & Galactic kinematics of mid M dwarfs (Newton+, 2016)
J/ApJ/838/73 : Brown dwarf surface gravities with Keck/NIRSPEC (Martin, 2017)
J/ApJ/834/85 : Hα emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 F11.5 d MJD [56857.1/57329.3] Modified Julian Date
13- 18 F6.3 mag Vmag [11.8/11.9] Apparent V band magnitude
20- 24 F5.3 mag e_Vmag [0.002/0.006] The 1σ uncertainty in Vmag
26- 30 F5.3 --- Phase Relative phase (G1)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 11 A11 "Y/M/D" Date UT date of the observation
13- 22 F10.4 d MJD [56849.3/57239.4] Modified Julian Date
24- 30 F7.2 km/s RV [-155/88] Radial velocity ν1
32- 35 F4.2 km/s e_RV [0.16/0.18] 1σ uncertainty in RV
37- 41 F5.3 --- Phase Relative phase (G1)
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Global note:
Note (G1): In this work phase = 0 at inferior conjunction.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 12-Nov-2018