J/ApJ/854/184    Abundances of stars in 3 open clusters    (Pena Suarez+, 2018)

High-resolution spectroscopic observations of single red giants in three open clusters: NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822. Pena Suarez V.J., Sales Silva J.V., Katime Santrich O.J., Drake N.A., Pereira C.B. <Astrophys. J., 854, 184 (2018)> =2018ApJ...854..184P 2018ApJ...854..184P
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open; Stars, giant; Abundances; Equivalent widths; Radial velocities; Optical Keywords: open clusters & associations: individual (NGC2360, NGC3680, NGC5822) ; stars: abundances ; stars: evolution ; stars: fundamental parameters Abstract: Single stars in open clusters with known distances are important targets in constraining the nucleosynthesis process since their ages and luminosities are also known. In this work, we analyze a sample of 29 single red giants of the open clusters NGC2360, NGC3680, and NGC5822 using high-resolution spectroscopy. We obtained atmospheric parameters, abundances of the elements C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Si, Ti, Ni, Cr, Y, Zr, La, Ce, and Nd, as well as radial and rotational velocities. We employed the local thermodynamic equilibrium atmospheric models of Kurucz and the spectral analysis code moog. Rotational velocities and light-element abundances were derived using spectral synthesis. Based on our analysis of the single red giants in these three open clusters, we could compare, for the first time, their abundance pattern with that of the binary stars of the same clusters previously studied. Our results show that the abundances of both single and binary stars of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 do not have significant differences. For the elements created by the s-process, we observed that the open clusters NGC2360, NGC3680, and NGC5822 also follow the trend already raised in the literature that young clusters have higher s-process element abundances than older clusters. Finally, we observed that the three clusters of our sample exhibit a trend in the [Y/Mg]-age relation, which may indicate the ability of the [Y/Mg] ratio to be used as a clock for the giants. Description: The high-resolution spectra of the single red giants of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 were obtained with FEROS (Fiberfed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph) attached at the 2.2m ESO telescope of La Silla (Chile). Twenty-seven of these spectra were observed in 2008 and 2009, whereas the stars TYC 7751-608-1 (NGC 3680) and TYC 8681-389-1 (NGC 5822) were observed in 2016, as was shown in Table 1. The wavelength range obtained with FEROS covers the spectral region between 3800 and 9200Å with a resolving power of R=48000. Objects: ---------------------------------------------------------------- RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s) ---------------------------------------------------------------- 07 17 43 -15 38.5 NGC 2360 = NAME Caroline's Cluster 11 25 38 -43 14.6 NGC 3680 = Cl Melotte 106 15 04 28 -54 23.4 NGC 5822 = Cl Melotte 130 ---------------------------------------------------------------- File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table1.dat 96 29 Relevant information for the target stars of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 table2.dat 142 131 Observed Fe I and Fe II lines in NGC 2360, NGC 3860 and NGC 5822 table3.dat 57 29 Derived atmospheric parameters, metallicities, and rotational velocities for stars of the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 table5.dat 149 243 Other lines studied in NGC 2360, NGC 3680 & NGC 5822 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: B/eso : ESO Science Archive Catalog (ESO, 1991-2018) I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016) J/A+AS/96/269 : Stellar Models from 0.8 to 120 Msolar (Schaller+, 1992) J/A+A/275/101 : Chemical evolution of the galactic disk I. (Edvardsson+ 1993) J/PASP/105/78 : Photometry in open cluster NGC 5822 (Twarog+, 1993) J/A+A/283/911 : Abundances in NGC 2243 and Mel 66 (Gratton+ 1994) J/A+AS/118/407 : CCD photom. & velocities of NGC 3680 stars (Nordstroem+ 1996) J/A+A/360/509 : Chemical abundances in 7 red giants (Hamdani+, 2000) J/A+A/410/527 : Abundances in the Galactic disk (Bensby+, 2003) J/MNRAS/340/304 : [X/Fe] of Galactic disc F and G dwarfs (Reddy+, 2003) J/A+A/417/269 : Equivalent widths of two post-AGB stars (Reyniers+, 2004) J/AJ/129/2725 : Equivalent widths of red giants in Berkeley 17 (Friel+, 2005) J/A+A/475/1003 : Stellar parameters of G and K giant stars (Hekker+, 2007) J/AJ/133/2464 : Parameters and abundances of nearby giants (Luck+, 2007) J/AJ/136/118 : Open clusters as galactic disk tracers I. (Frinchaboy+, 2008) J/A+A/485/303 : RVs for 1309 stars and 166 OCl (Mermilliod+, 2008) J/A+A/487/373 : Spectroscopic param. of 451 HARPS-GTO stars (Sousa+, 2008) J/A+A/502/267 : EWs of 31 giant stars of 10 open clusters (Smiljanic+, 2009) J/AJ/139/1942 : EWs of red giants in 6 open clusters (Friel+, 2010) J/A+A/515/A28 : Abund. of dwarfs & giants in 2 open clusters (Pace+, 2010) J/A+A/511/A56 : Abundances of five open clusters (Pancino+, 2010) J/ApJ/732/39 : Rotational velocities of K giant stars (Carlberg+, 2011) J/A+A/535/A30 : Abundance of 12 stars in open clusters (Carrera+, 2011) J/AJ/142/59 : Chemical abundance in 10 open clusters (Jacobson+, 2011) J/MNRAS/422/3527 : Equivalent widths of 11 NGC 3680 stars (Mitschang+, 2012) J/MNRAS/419/1350 : Red giants abundances in 4 open clusters (Reddy+, 2012) J/AJ/146/39 : Spectroscopy of NGC 5822-2 and NGC 5822-201 (Katime+, 2013) J/MNRAS/431/3338 : Abundances of red giants in open clusters (Reddy+, 2013) J/A+A/555/A150 : Physical param. of cool solar-type stars (Tsantaki+, 2013) J/A+A/561/A93 : On the metallicity of open clusters. II. (Heiter+, 2014) J/AJ/148/83 : Spectrosc. in NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822 (Sales+, 2014) J/MNRAS/446/3562 : Abundances of red giants in NGC752 (Bocek Topcu+, 2015) J/MNRAS/450/4301 : Line list for red giants in open clusters (Reddy+, 2015) J/MNRAS/463/580 : Abundances of red giants in NGC6940 (Bocek+, 2016) J/A+A/585/A150 : On the metallicity of open clusters. III. (Netopil+, 2016) J/A+A/603/A2 : Gaia-ESO Survey abund. radial distribution (Magrini+, 2017) Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 11 A11 --- Name Star name 13- 15 A3 --- r_Name Reference(s) (1) 17- 27 A11 --- OName Other name 29- 33 F5.2 mag Vmag [9/11.6]? V-band magnitude from Ref 35- 38 F4.2 mag B-V [0.8/1.4]? B-V color index 40- 45 F6.2 km/s RVlit [-31.1/28.7]? Radial velocity from Ref 47- 50 F4.2 km/s e_RVlit [0.07/1]? RVlit uncertainty 52- 57 F6.2 km/s RV [-30.1/29.1]? Radial velocity from this work 59- 62 F4.2 km/s e_RV [0.04/1]? RV uncertainty 64- 74 A11 "Y/M/D" Date Observation date (UT) 76- 86 A11 "Y/M/D" Date2 Second date of observation if any 88- 91 I4 s Exp [300/3000] Exposure time 92 A1 --- --- [,] 93- 96 I4 s Exp2 [300/1800]? Exposure time of second observation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): References as follows: a = Star cluster number, BD, CD, CPD, and HD numbers (when available), V, B-V, and radial velocities taken from Mermilliod+ (2008, J/A+A/485/303) b = Star cluster number, BD, CD, CPD, and HD numbers (when available), V, B-V, and radial velocities taken from Frinchaboy & Majewski (2008, J/AJ/136/118) c = Spectra obtained from ESO archive -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 5 A5 --- Ion Ion identifier (Fe I or Fe II) 7- 13 F7.2 0.1nm lambda [4993.3/7133] Wavelength in Angstroms 15- 18 F4.2 eV ExPot [0.1/5] Excitation potential 20- 25 F6.3 [-] log(gf) [-6/0.6] Log oscillator strength 27- 29 I3 10-13m NGC2360-7 [15/141]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-7 (1) 31- 33 I3 10-13m NGC2360-37 [15/157]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-37 (1) 35- 37 I3 10-13m NGC2360-50 [14/144]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-50 (1) 39- 41 I3 10-13m NGC2360-66 [10/152]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-66 (1) 43- 45 I3 10-13m NGC2360-68 [13/152]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-68 (1) 47- 49 I3 10-13m NGC2360-79 [15/149]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-79 (1) 51- 53 I3 10-13m NGC2360-85 [17/154]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-85 (1) 55- 57 I3 10-13m NGC2360-86 [17/141]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-86 (1) 59- 61 I3 10-13m NGC2360-89 [15/156]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-89 (1) 63- 65 I3 10-13m NGC2360-93 [22/140]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-93 (1) 67- 69 I3 10-13m NGC2360-119 [16/152]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-119 (1) 71- 74 I4 10-13m NGC2360-134 [13/154]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-134 (1) 76- 78 I3 10-13m NGC3680-13 [30/133]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-13 (1) 80- 82 I3 10-13m NGC3680-26 [28/137]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-26 (1) 84- 86 I3 10-13m NGC3680-41 [34/139]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-41 (1) 88- 90 I3 10-13m NGC3680-44 [38/139]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-44 (1) 92- 94 I3 10-13m NGC3680-53 [35/127]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-53 (1) 96- 98 I3 10-13m T7751-608-1 [25/125]? Equivalent width of TYC 7751-608-1 in NGC 3680 (1) 100-102 I3 10-13m NGC5822-1 [21/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-1 (1) 104-106 I3 10-13m NGC5822-6 [28/141]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-6 (1) 108-110 I3 10-13m NGC5822-8 [30/148]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-8 (1) 112-114 I3 10-13m NGC5822-102 [18/130]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-102 (1) 116-118 I3 10-13m NGC5822-224 [14/131]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-224 (1) 120-122 I3 10-13m NGC5822-240 [27/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-240 (1) 124-126 I3 10-13m NGC5822-316 [13/143]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-316 (1) 128-130 I3 10-13m NGC5822-348 [12/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-348 (1) 132-134 I3 10-13m NGC5822-375 [20/149]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-375 (1) 136-138 I3 10-13m NGC5822-443 [20/149]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-443 (1) 140-142 I3 10-13m T8681-389-1 [17/134]? Equivalent width of TYC8681-389-1 in NGC 5822 (1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): In units of milli-Angstroms. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 11 A11 --- Name Star name 13- 16 I4 K Teff [4400/6500] Effective temperature 18- 20 F3.1 [cm/s2] logg [1.7/4.5] log of surface gravity 22- 24 F3.1 km/s Vt [1.2/1.6] Microturbulent velocity ξ 26- 30 F5.2 [Sun] [FeI/H] [-0.2/0.04] Abundance [FeI/H] 32- 35 F4.2 [Sun] e_[FeI/H] [0.08/0.2] [FeI/H] standard deviation 37- 39 I3 --- o_[FeI/H] [39/102] Number of [FeI/H] lines employed 41- 45 F5.2 [Sun] [FeII/H] [-0.2/0.04] Abundance [FeII/H] 47- 50 F4.2 [Sun] e_[FeII/H] [0.06/0.2] [FeII/H] standard deviation 52- 53 I2 --- o_[FeII/H] [9/15] Number of [FeII/H] lines employed 55- 57 F3.1 km/s vsini [2.4/5.7] Rotational velocity -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 5 A5 --- Ion Chemical element/ion identifier 8- 14 F7.2 0.1nm lambda [4073.4/8774] Wavelength in Angstroms 16- 19 F4.2 eV ExPot [0/6.2] Excitation potential 21- 26 F6.3 [-] log(gf) [-3.6/0.6] Log oscillator strength 29- 33 A5 --- Ref Linelist reference identifier (1) 35- 37 I3 10-13m NGC2360-7 [10/155]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-7 (2) 39- 41 I3 10-13m NGC2360-37 [13/156]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-37 (2) 43- 45 I3 10-13m NGC2360-50 [11/157]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-50 (2) 47- 49 I3 10-13m NGC2360-66 [10/153]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-66 (2) 51- 53 I3 10-13m NGC2360-68 [10/155]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-68 (2) 55- 57 I3 10-13m NGC2360-79 [10/143]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-79 (2) 59- 61 I3 10-13m NGC2360-85 [10/151]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-85 (2) 63- 65 I3 10-13m NGC2360-86 [10/156]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-86 (2) 67- 69 I3 10-13m NGC2360-89 [10/157]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-89 (2) 71- 73 I3 10-13m NGC2360-93 [9/156]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-93 (2) 75- 77 I3 10-13m NGC2360-119 [10/153]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-119 (2) 79- 81 I3 10-13m NGC2360-134 [10/157]? Equivalent width of NGC2360-134 (2) 83- 85 I3 10-13m NGC3680-13 [13/140]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-13 (2) 87- 89 I3 10-13m NGC3680-26 [17/136]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-26 (2) 91- 93 I3 10-13m NGC3680-41 [17/140]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-41 (2) 95- 97 I3 10-13m NGC3680-44 [25/150]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-44 (2) 99-101 I3 10-13m NGC3680-53 [20/136]? Equivalent width of NGC3680-53 (2) 103-105 I3 10-13m T7751-608-1 [11/140]? Equivalent width of TYC 7751-608-1 in NGC 3680 (2) 107-109 I3 10-13m NGC5822-1 [13/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-1 (2) 111-113 I3 10-13m NGC5822-6 [12/144]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-6 (2) 115-117 I3 10-13m NGC5822-8 [10/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-8 (2) 119-121 I3 10-13m NGC5822-102 [10/142]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-102 (2) 123-125 I3 10-13m NGC5822-224 [10/145]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-224 (2) 127-129 I3 10-13m NGC5822-240 [15/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-240 (2) 131-133 I3 10-13m NGC5822-316 [10/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-316 (2) 135-137 I3 10-13m NGC5822-348 [10/149]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-348 (2) 139-141 I3 10-13m NGC5822-375 [11/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-375 (2) 143-145 I3 10-13m NGC5822-443 [12/150]? Equivalent width of NGC5822-443 (2) 147-149 I3 10-13m T8681-389-1 [12/120]? Equivalent width of in NGC 5822 TYC8681-389-1 (2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): Reference as follows: A05 = Antipova et al. (2005, J/AZh/82/601); B86 = Blackwell D.E. et al. (1986MNRAS.220..289B 1986MNRAS.220..289B); Ca07 = Carretta et al. (2007A&A...473..129C 2007A&A...473..129C); D2002 = Depagne et al. (2002A&A...390..187D 2002A&A...390..187D); DH = Den Hartog et al. (2003ApJS..148..543D 2003ApJS..148..543D); DS91 = Drake & Smith (1991MNRAS.250...89D 1991MNRAS.250...89D); E93 = Edvardsson et al. (1993, J/A+A/275/101); GS = Gratton & Sneden (1988A&A...204..193G 1988A&A...204..193G); MR94 = Mcwilliam & Rich (1994ApJS...91..749M 1994ApJS...91..749M); MFW = Martin et al. (1988atps.book.....M 1988atps.book.....M); PS = Preston & Sneden (2001AJ....122.1545P 2001AJ....122.1545P); R03 = Reddy et al. (2003, J/MNRAS/340/304); R04 = Reyniers et al. (2004, J/A+A/417/269); R99 = Reddy et al. (1999ApJ...524..831R 1999ApJ...524..831R); S86 = Smith et al. (1986MNRAS.165..126S 1986MNRAS.165..126S); S96 = Smith et al. (1996A&A...315..179S 1996A&A...315..179S); SN96 = Sneden et al. (1996ApJ...467..819S 1996ApJ...467..819S); VWR = van Wickel & Reyners (2000A&A...345..135V 2000A&A...345..135V); WSM = Wiese, Smith & Miles (1969atp..book.....W 1969atp..book.....W); MFK = Martin et al. (2000IAUJD...1E..39M 2000IAUJD...1E..39M). Note (2): In units of milli-Angstroms. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- History: From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 14-Nov-2018
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