J/ApJ/854/66 Swift observations of Mrk 421. I. 2005-2008 (Kapanadze+, 2018)
Swift observations of Mrk 421 in selected epochs.
I. The spectral and flux variability in 2005-2008.
Kapanadze B., Vercellone S., Romano P., Hughes P., Aller M., Aller H.,
Kharshiladze O., Kapanadze S., Tabagari L.
<Astrophys. J., 854, 66-66 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...854...66K 2018ApJ...854...66K (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: BL Lac objects; X-ray sources; Photometry, ultraviolet
Keywords: BL Lacertae objects: Mrk421
Abstract:
We present detailed results of Swift observations of the nearby
TeV-detected blazar Mrk 421, based on the rich archival data obtained
during 2005 March-2008 June. The best fits of the 0.3-10keV spectra
were mainly obtained using the log-parabolic model, yielding low
spectral curvatures expected in the case of the efficient stochastic
acceleration of particles. During strong X-ray flares, the position of
the synchrotron spectral energy distribution peak Ep was beyond 8keV
for 41 spectra, while it sometimes was situated at the UV frequencies
in quiescent states. The photon index at 1 keV exhibited a broad
range, and the values a<1.70 were observed during the strong flares,
hinting at the possible presence of a jet hadronic component. The
spectral parameters were correlated in some periods, expected in the
framework of the first- and second-order Fermi accelerations of X-ray
emitting particles, as well as in the case of turbulence spectrum. The
0.3-10keV flux and spectral parameters sometimes showed very fast
variability down to the fluctuations by 6-20% in 180-960s, possibly
related to the small-scale turbulent areas containing strongest
magnetic fields. X-ray and very high-energy fluxes often showed
correlated variability, although several occurrences of more
complicated variability patterns are also revealed, indicating that
the multifrequency emission of Mrk 421 could not be generated in a
single zone.
Description:
The source was observed 109 times by XRT between 2005 March 20 and
2008 June 12, with a total exposure of 367.4ks.
The source was observed in the ultraviolet bands UVW1, UVM2, and UVW2
at the central wavelengths of 2600Å, 2200Å, and 193Å,
respectively (along with the 0.3-10 band) and an average duration of
150s in each filter, ranging between 50 and 900s.
The information about each pointing and the corresponding count rates
are provided in Table 1.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------------------
11 04 27.31 +38 12 31.8 Mrk 421 = LEDA 33452
----------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 135 109 Summary of the XRT and UVOT observations in
2005 March - 2008 June
table2.dat 137 868 Results of the spectral analysis with the
log-parabolic model
table5.dat 112 330 Results of the spectral analysis with the
power-law model
table7.dat 180 118 Summary of the 0.3-10keV intra-day variabilities
(IDVs) in 2005 March - 2008 June
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See also:
B/swift : Swift Master Catalog (HEASARC, 2004-)
VIII/76 : Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI (Kalberla+ 2005)
J/ApJS/233/17 : Swift/BAT AGN spectrosc. survey. V. X-ray data (Ricci+, 2017)
J/ApJS/232/7 : 8yr R-band photopolarimetry of blazar Mrk 421 (Fraija+, 2017)
J/ApJ/848/103 : ∼1.5yr Swift observations of Mrk 421 (Kapanadze+, 2017)
J/ApJ/831/102 : Swift and NuSTAR obs. of the BL Lac Mrk 421 (Kapanadze+, 2016)
J/A+A/593/A91 : Mrk 421 multi-wavelength variability, 2007-2009 (Ahnen+, 2016)
J/ApJS/222/6 : 4.5yr obs. of Mrk421 with ARGO-YBJ + Fermi (Bartoli+, 2016)
J/ApJS/226/20 : X-ray, opt. + radio SEDs of Fermi blazars (Fan+, 2016)
J/A+A/578/A22 : Mrk421 in March 2010 (Aleksic+, 2015)
J/A+A/576/A126 : The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk421 (Aleksic+, 2015)
J/A+A/563/A57 : Long-term variability of AGN at hard X-rays (Soldi+, 2014)
J/other/RAA/14.1135 : Doppler factor for a Fermi blazar sample (Fan+, 2014)
J/ApJS/209/14 : The Swift/BAT hard X-ray transient monitor (Krimm+, 2013)
J/ApJS/207/16 : BL Lac candidates for TeV observations (Massaro+, 2013)
J/A+A/559/A75 : 43GHz observation of the blazar Mrk 421 (Blasi+, 2013)
J/A+A/545/A117 : Monitoring of Mrk 421 at 15 and 24 GHz (Lico+, 2012)
J/A+A/541/A160 : Planck + X/γ observations of blazars (Giommi+, 2012)
J/ApJ/761/125 : X and γ spectral indexes of Fermi blazars (Fan+, 2012)
J/ApJS/194/29 : Observations of blazars at 15GHz (Richards+, 2011)
J/A+A/520/A47 : Blazars in the Swift-BAT hard X-ray sky (Maselli+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/407/2399 : AGN activity and black hole mass (McKernan+, 2010)
J/ApJ/716/30 : SED of Fermi bright blazars (Abdo+, 2010)
J/ApJ/681/113 : Swift BAT survey of AGNs (Tueller+, 2008)
J/A+A/476/759 : X-ray properties of AGN from the CJF sample (Britzen+, 2007)
J/A+A/434/385 : X-ray/radio data of high energy peaked BL Lacs (Giommi+, 2005)
J/A+A/401/927 : The HRX-BL Lac sample (Beckmann+, 2003)
J/ApJ/525/127 : RGB sample of BL Lacertae objects (Laurent-Muehleisen+, 1999)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 I9 --- obsID Observation identifier
11- 20 A10 "Y/M/D" start.date UTC date of observation start
22- 29 A8 "h:m:s" start.time UTC time of observation start
31- 40 A10 "Y/M/D" end.date UTC date of observation end
42- 49 A8 "h:m:s" end.time UTC time of observation end
51- 55 I5 s Exp [319/33289] Exposure time
57- 62 F6.2 ct/s XRT [7.6/156] Observation-binned 0.3-10keV
count rate
64- 69 F6.2 ct/s e_XRT [0.04/0.6] Uncertainty in XRT
71- 75 F5.2 mag uvw1mag [11.4/12.8]? De-reddened Swift/UVOT uvw1
band magnitude
77- 80 F4.2 mag e_uvw1mag [0.03/0.3]? Uncertainty in uvw1mag
82- 86 F5.2 mJy Fuvw1 [7/24]? De-reddened Swift/UVOT uvw1
band flux density
88- 91 F4.2 mJy e_Fuvw1 [0.2/1]? Uncertainty in Fuvw1
93- 97 F5.2 mag uvm2mag [11.3/13]? De-reddened Swift/UVOT uvm2
band magnitude
99-102 F4.2 mag e_uvm2mag [0.03/0.06]? Uncertainty in uvm2mag
104-108 F5.2 mJy Fuvm2 [4.8/22.1]? De-reddened Swift/UVOT uvm2
band flux density
110-113 F4.2 mJy e_Fuvm2 [0.1/0.6]? Uncertainty in Fuvm2
115-119 F5.2 mag uvw2mag [11.2/12.7]? De-reddened Swift/UVOT uvw2
band magnitude
121-124 F4.2 mag e_uvw2mag [0.03/0.04]? Uncertainty in uvw2mag
126-130 F5.2 mJy Fuvw2 [6.6/23.1]? De-reddened Swift/UVOT uvw2
band flux density
132-135 F4.2 mJy e_Fuvw2 [0.1/0.7]? Uncertainty in Fuvw2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2- 10 I9 --- obsID Observation identifier
12- 19 A8 --- Orbit Orbit number
21- 35 A15 --- Part Part number and seconds [#s] of the orbit used
in the fit
37- 40 F4.2 --- a [1.6/2.7] Model parameter, photon index at
the energy E1
42- 45 F4.2 --- e_a [0.01/0.05] Uncertainty in a
47- 51 F5.3 --- b [0.07/0.5] Model parameter, curvature parameter
53- 56 F4.2 --- e_b [0.02/0.2] Uncertainty in b
58- 62 F5.2 keV Ep [0.02/22.4] Model parameter, position of
the SED peak
64- 68 F5.3 keV e_Ep [0.01/2.1] Uncertainty in Ep
70- 75 F6.2 --- K [0.8/9.3] Model parameter, normalization factor
77- 81 F5.3 --- e_K [0.01/0.2] Uncertainty in K
83- 87 F5.3 --- chi2 [0.4/1.2] Reduced χ2 parameter
89- 91 I3 --- DOF [54/337] Fit degrees of freedom
93- 98 F6.3 [mW/m2] logFS [-9.6/-8] Log unabsorbed 0.3-2keV Flux
100-104 F5.2 [mW/m2] e_logFS [0.01/0.02] Uncertainty in logFS
106-111 F6.2 [mW/m2] logFH [-10.2/-8.5] Log unabsorbed 2-10keV Flux
113-116 F4.2 [mW/m2] e_logFH [0.01/0.04] Uncertainty in logFH
118-122 F5.2 [mW/m2] logFT [-9.5/-8.2] Log unabsorbed 0.3-10keV Flux
124-127 F4.2 [mW/m2] e_logFT [0.01/0.02] Uncertainty in logFH
129-132 F4.2 --- HR [0.2/1.4] Hardness ratio (G1)
134-137 F4.2 --- e_HR [0.01/0.05] Uncertainty in HR
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 I9 --- obsID Observation identifier
11- 18 A8 --- Orbit Orbit number
20- 34 A15 --- Part Part number and seconds [#s] of the orbit used
in the fit
36- 39 F4.2 --- Gamma [1.6/2.8] Photon index in PL model
41- 44 F4.2 --- e_Gamma [0.01/0.05] Uncertainty in Gamma
46- 50 F5.2 --- K [0.3/8.8] Normalization
52- 55 F4.2 --- e_K [0.01/0.1] Uncertainty in K
57- 60 F4.2 --- chi2 [0.8/1.2] Reduced χ2 parameter
62- 65 I4 --- DOF [58/3226] Fit degrees of freedom
67- 72 F6.3 [mW/m2] logFS [-9.9/-8.6] Log unabsorbed 0.3-2keV Flux
74- 77 F4.2 [mW/m2] e_logFS [0.01] Uncertainty in logFS
79- 85 F7.3 [mW/m2] logFH [-10.5/-8.5] Log unabsorbed 2-10keV Flux
87- 91 F5.3 [mW/m2] e_logFH [0.01/0.03] Uncertainty in logFH
93- 97 F5.2 [mW/m2] logFT [-9.8/-8.2] Log unabsorbed 0.3-10keV Flux
99-102 F4.2 [mW/m2] e_logFT [0.01] Uncertainty in logFH
104-107 F4.2 --- HR [0.2/1.5] Hardness ratio (G1)
109-112 F4.2 --- e_HR [0.01/0.04] Uncertainty in HR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- obsID Observation identifier (1)
20- 29 A10 "Y/M/D" Date UTC start date of observation (2)
31- 32 I2 d DayEnd ? End UTC Day of observation range (2)
34- 38 F5.2 h Exp [0.07/24]? Total length of the particular
observation (2)
40- 46 F7.3 --- chi2 [2.4/382] Reduced χ^2 parameter
48- 50 I3 --- DOF [3/166] Fit degrees of freedom
52- 55 A4 --- Bin Bin of Orbit segment (2)
57- 60 F4.1 % Fvar [1.3/32.2] Fractional variability amplitude
62- 65 F4.1 % e_Fvar [0.1/3] Uncertainty in Fvar
67- 70 F4.2 --- Param1-Min [1.6/2.6]? LP/PL model param1 minimum (3)
72- 75 F4.2 --- e_Param1-Min [0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in e_Param1-Min (3)
77- 80 F4.2 --- Param1-Max [1.7/2.7]? LP/PL model param1 maximum (3)
82- 85 F4.2 --- e_Param1-Max [0.01/0.1]? Uncertainty in e_Param1-Max (3)
87- 88 A2 --- Param1 Param1 designation (3)
90- 93 F4.2 --- Param2-Min [1.6/2.6]? LP/PL model param2 minimum (3)
95- 98 F4.2 --- e_Param2-Min [0.01/0.04]? Uncertainty in e_Param2-Min (3)
100-103 F4.2 --- Param2-Max [1.8/2.6]? LP/PL model param2 maximum (3)
105-108 F4.2 --- e_Param2-Max [0.01/0.02]? Uncertainty in e_Param2-Max (3)
110-111 A2 --- Param2 Param2 Range maximum (3)
113-116 F4.2 --- b-min [0.07/0.4]? Min curvature parameter
in LP model
118-121 F4.2 --- e_b-min [0.02/0.1]? Uncertainty in b-min
123-126 F4.2 --- b-max [0.1/0.5]? Max curvature parameter
in LP model
128-131 F4.2 --- e_b-max [0.03/0.1]? Uncertainty in b-max
133-136 F4.2 keV Ep-min [0.02/7.5]? Min position of the SED peak
in LP model
138-142 F5.3 keV e_Ep-min [0.01/0.5]? Uncertainty in Ep-min
144-149 F6.2 keV Ep-max [0.03/23]? Max position of the SED peak
in LP model
151-157 F7.3 keV e_Ep-max [0.01/18]? Uncertainty in Ep-max
159-162 F4.2 --- HR-min [0.2/1.4]? Minimum hardness ratio
164-168 F5.3 --- e_HR-min [0/0.04]? Uncertainty in HR-min
170-174 F5.2 --- HR-max [0.2/1.7]? Maximum hardness ratio
176-180 F5.3 --- e_HR-max [0.01/0.04]? Uncertainty in HR-max
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): This column includes the "orbit" (Or #) subset(s).
Note (2): The total exposure used for IDV calculations can segment a single
obsID or span multiple obsIDs. The columns that define the exposure for
calculating IDVs are:
obsID = includes the orbit subsets for an obsID used in IDV;
Date/DayEnd = Range of observation UT date from start date to end date;
Exp = Total exposure length in hours, including intervals
between obsIDs;
Bin = That segment, in seconds, of Orbit.
Note (3): The contents of the columns Param1/Param2 designate which
parameter is given in the Param1-Min, Param2-Max, etc columns. If
Param1="LP" then the Param1- values are the log-parabolic parameter "a".
If Param1="PL" then the Param1- values are the power-law parameter
Gamma. When only one spectrum is available for the particular
observation, only a single value is provided for each spectral
parameters instead of a range.
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Hardness ratio is calculated as a ratio of unabsorbed 2-10keV to
0.3-2keV fluxes.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Kapanadze et al. Paper I. 2018ApJ...854...66K 2018ApJ...854...66K This catalog
Kapanadze et al. Paper II. 2018ApJ...858...68K 2018ApJ...858...68K Cat. J/ApJ/858/68
Kapanadze et al. Paper III. 2020ApJS..247...27K 2020ApJS..247...27K Cat. J/ApJS/247/27
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 07-Nov-2018