J/ApJ/854/73 Full-data results of HFF: galaxies z∼6-9 (Ishigaki+, 2018)
Full-data results of Hubble Frontier Fields: UV luminosity functions at z∼6-10
and a consistent picture of cosmic reionization.
Ishigaki M., Kawamata R., Ouchi M., Oguri M., Shimasaku K., Ono Y.
<Astrophys. J., 854, 73 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...854...73I 2018ApJ...854...73I
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, galaxy; Photometry, HST; Optical; Galaxies, IR;
Redshifts; Gravitational lensing
Keywords: galaxies: evolution ; galaxies: formation ; galaxies: high-redshift
Abstract:
We present UV luminosity functions of dropout galaxies at z∼6-10 with
the complete Hubble Frontier Fields data. We obtain a catalog of ∼450
dropout-galaxy candidates (350, 66, and 40 at z∼6-7, 8, and 9,
respectively), with UV absolute magnitudes that reach ~-14mag, ∼2 mag
deeper than the Hubble Ultra Deep Field detection limits. We carefully
evaluate number densities of the dropout galaxies by Monte Carlo
simulations, including all lensing effects such as magnification,
distortion, and multiplication of images as well as detection
completeness and contamination effects in a self-consistent manner. We
find that UV luminosity functions at z∼6-8 have steep faint-end
slopes, α~-2, and likely steeper slopes, α≲-2 at z∼9-10.
We also find that the evolution of UV luminosity densities shows a
non-accelerated decline beyond z∼8 in the case of Mtrunc=-15, but an
accelerated one in the case of Mtrunc=-17. We examine whether our
results are consistent with the Thomson scattering optical depth from
the Planck satellite and the ionized hydrogen fraction QHII at z≲7
based on the standard analytic reionization model. We find that
reionization scenarios exist that consistently explain all of the
observational measurements with the allowed parameters of
fesc=0.17-0.03+0.07 and Mtrunc>-14.0 for
logξion/[erg-1Hz]=25.34, where fesc is the escape fraction,
Mtrunc is the faint limit of the UV luminosity function, and ξion
is the conversion factor of the UV luminosity to the ionizing photon
emission rate. The length of the reionization period is estimated to
be Δz=3.9-1.6+2.0 (for 0.1<QHII<0.99), consistent with the
recent estimate from Planck.
Description:
For the determination of UV luminosity functions, we use the complete
samples of the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF; P.I.: Lotz): Abell 2744,
MACSJ0416, MACSJ0717, MACSJ1149, AbellS1063, and Abell370. Cluster and
parallel fields of the six massive clusters have been observed with
Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) of
the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) from 2013 October to 2016 September.
The total survey area covers ∼56arcmin2.
The images consist of three ACS bands and four WFC3-IR bands: F435W
(B435), F606W (V606), F814W (i814), F105W (Y105), F125W
(J125), F140W (JH140), and F160W (H160).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 43 12 Observational properties and the numbers of
high-z galaxy candidates of the HFF data
table4.dat 125 350 *Dropout candidates at z∼6-7
table5.dat 128 65 *Dropout candidates at z∼8
table6.dat 128 40 *Dropout candidates at z∼9
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Note on table4.dat, table5.dat and table6.dat: A detailed description of the
dropout selections is given by Kawamata+ (2016, J/ApJ/819/114).
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See also:
B/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)
J/MNRAS/300/303 : UV-selected galaxy redshift survey (Treyer+, 1998)
J/ApJ/519/1 : Lyman-break galaxies at z ≳ 4 (Steidel+, 1999)
J/ApJ/736/18 : Lyman-continuum emission at z∼3 in SSA22 field (Nestor+, 2011)
J/ApJS/199/25 : CLASH sources for MACS1149.6+2223 (Postman+, 2012)
J/ApJS/208/20 : Nine-year WMAP point source catalogs (Bennett+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/432/2696 : Galaxy luminosity function at z = 7-9 (McLure+, 2013)
J/ApJ/762/L30 : CLASH: MCS J0416.1-2403 strong lensing analysis (Zitrin+, 2013)
J/ApJ/793/115 : UV-continuum slopes beta for z∼4-8 galaxies (Bouwens+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/440/2810 : Galaxy luminosity function at z ≃ 7 (Bowler+, 2014)
J/ApJ/800/18 : HST/WFC3 observations of z∼7-8 galaxies in A2744 (Atek+, 2015)
J/ApJ/803/34 : z∼4-10 galaxies from HST legacy fields (Bouwens+, 2015)
J/ApJ/810/71 : UV mag of candidate galaxies at 3~<z~<8.5 (Finkelstein+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/452/1437 : Abell 2744 strong-lensing analysis (Jauzac+, 2015)
J/ApJ/811/29 : GLASS. IV. Lensing cluster Abell 2744 (Wang+, 2015)
J/ApJ/831/182 : GLASS. VI. MCS J0416.1-2403 HFF imaging & spectra (Hoag+, 2016)
J/ApJ/819/114 : Strong lensing mass modeling of HFF clusters (Kawamata+, 2016)
J/ApJ/820/98 : Galaxy cand.in the Hubble Frontier Fields (Laporte+, 2016)
J/ApJ/843/41 : HST/WFC3 obs. of z∼2-8 gal. in 4 HFF clusters (Bouwens+, 2017)
J/ApJ/835/113 : Galaxies ≳6 from the Hubble Frontier Fields (Livermore+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- Field Field identifier
21- 25 F5.2 mag lH160 [28.5/29.3] 5σ H160 limit magnitude (1)
27- 30 F4.2 arcmin2 Area [4.1/4.8] Area (2)
32- 35 F4.2 --- Area7 [0.7/2]? The survey area in the source plane
at z=7
37- 38 I2 --- Nz6 [7/41] Number of galaxies with z∼6-7
40- 41 I2 --- Nz8 [0/10] Number of galaxies with z∼8
43 I1 --- Nz9 [0/7] Number of galaxies with z∼9
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Note (1): The depths are defined with a 0.35"-diameter aperture.
Note (2): The area of each image is reduced by the masking near the bright
stars.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[456].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- Field Field identifier
21- 35 A15 --- ID Identifier
37- 46 F10.6 deg RAdeg [3.4/342.4] Right ascension (J2000)
48- 57 F10.6 deg DEdeg [-45/38] Declination (J2000)
59 A1 --- l_i-Y Upper limit flag on i-Y
61- 64 F4.2 mag i-Y [0.5/3.6] HST F814W (i814)-F105W (Y105)
color index
66- 69 F4.2 mag e_i-Y [0.02/1]? i-Y uncertainty
71- 75 F5.2 mag Y-J [-0.5/0.7] HST/WFC3-IR
F105W (Y105)-F125W (J125) color index
77- 80 F4.2 mag e_Y-J [0.01/0.4] Y-J uncertainty
82- 86 F5.2 mag J125 [24.4/28.5] HST/WFC3-IR F125W (J125) AB
magnitude (1)
88- 91 F4.2 mag e_J125 [0.01/0.3] J125 uncertainty
93- 98 F6.2 --- mu [1.2/685]? Magnification (2)
100-103 F4.2 --- zphot [0.06/9.6] Photometric redshift
105-108 F4.2 --- e_zphot [0.06/7.4] Negative uncertainty in zphot
110-113 F4.2 --- E_zphot [0.3/7.2] Positive uncertainty in zphot
115-128 A14 --- Ref Reference(s) (3)
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Note (1): Total magnitudes mtot estimated with the aperture correction
mtot=mAP-0.82.
Note (2): Magnifications calculated with mass models in
Kawamata+ (2018ApJ...855....4K 2018ApJ...855....4K ).
Note (3): Reference as follows:
1 = Atek et al. (2014ApJ...786...60A 2014ApJ...786...60A)
2 = Atek et al. (2015ApJ...814...69A 2015ApJ...814...69A)
3 = Coe et al. (2015ApJ...800...84C 2015ApJ...800...84C)
4 = Laporte et al. (2014A&A...562L...8L 2014A&A...562L...8L)
5 = Laporte et al. (2015A&A...575A..92L 2015A&A...575A..92L)
6 = Laporte et al. (2016, J/ApJ/820/98)
7 = Livermore et al. (2017, J/ApJ/835/113)
8 = McLeod et al. (2016MNRAS.459.3812M 2016MNRAS.459.3812M)
9 = Oesch et al. (2015ApJ...808..104O 2015ApJ...808..104O)
10 = Zheng et al. (2014ApJ...795...93Z 2014ApJ...795...93Z)
11 = Zitrin et al. (2014ApJ...793L..12Z 2014ApJ...793L..12Z).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 07-Nov-2018