J/ApJ/857/46 Modelled vs observed abundances of EMP stars (Ishigaki+, 2018)
The initial mass function of the first stars inferred from extremely metal-poor
stars.
Ishigaki M.N., Tominaga N., Kobayashi C., Nomoto K.
<Astrophys. J., 857, 46 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...857...46I 2018ApJ...857...46I
ADC_Keywords: Abundances; Stars, metal-deficient; Models; Stars, masses
Keywords: stars: abundances ; stars: Population III ; supernovae: general
Abstract:
We compare the elemental abundance patterns of ∼200 extremely
metal-poor (EMP; [Fe/H]<-3) stars to the supernova yields of
metal-free stars, in order to obtain insights into the characteristic
masses of the first (Population III or Pop III) stars in the universe.
The supernova yields are prepared with nucleosynthesis calculations of
metal-free stars with various initial masses (M=13, 15, 25, 40 and
100M☉) and explosion energies (E51=E/1051[erg]=0.5-60), to
include low-energy, normal-energy, and high-energy explosions. We
adopt the mixing-fallback model, to take into account possible
asymmetry in the supernova explosions, and the yields that best fit
the observed abundance patterns of the EMP stars are searched by
varying the model parameters. We find that the abundance patterns of
the EMP stars are predominantly best- fitted by the supernova yields
with initial masses M<40M☉, and that more than than half of the
stars are best-fitted by the M=25M☉ hypernova (E51=10) models.
The results also indicate that the majority of the primordial
supernovae have ejected 10-2-10-1M☉ of 56Ni, leaving
behind a compact remnant (either a neutron star or a black hole), with
a mass in the range of ∼1.5-5M☉. These results suggest that the
masses of the first stars responsible for the first metal enrichment
are predominantly <40M☉. This implies that the higher-mass first
stars were either less abundant, directly collapsed into a black hole
without ejecting heavy elements, or a supernova explosion of a
higher-mass first star inhibits the formation of the next generation
of low-mass stars at [Fe/H]<-3.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 329 202 Best-fit models and observed abundances
from literature
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See also:
J/A+A/416/1117 : Abundances in the early Galaxy (Cayrel+, 2004)
J/ApJ/681/1524 : Detailed abundances for 28 metal-poor stars (Lai+, 2008)
J/ApJ/724/341 : Nucleosynthesis of massive metal-free stars (Heger+, 2010)
J/AJ/145/13 : Metal-poor stars from SDSS/SEGUE. I. Abundances (Aoki+, 2013)
J/ApJ/778/56 : Hamburg/ESO Survey extremely metal-poor stars (Cohen+, 2013)
J/ApJ/762/26 : Most metal-poor stars. II. Galactic halo stars (Yong+, 2013)
J/ApJ/762/27 : Most metal-poor stars. III. [Fe/H]≤-3.0 stars (Yong+, 2013)
J/ApJ/797/21 : Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars (Placco+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/136 : Stars of very low metal abundance. VI. (Roederer+, 2014)
J/ApJ/807/171 : SkyMapper Survey metal-poor star spectrosc. (Jacobson+, 2015)
J/ApJ/817/53 : Fe-group elemental abundances in HD84937 (Sneden+, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Name Star name
25- 27 I3 Msun Mass [13/100] Pop III mass
29- 32 F4.1 10+44J Energy [0.5/60] Explosion energy in 1051erg
34- 37 F4.1 Msun Mmix [1.4/45.8] Outer boundary of mixing
zone in an enclosed mass
39- 42 F4.1 --- log10(fej) [-7/0] Ejected fraction
44- 48 F5.2 [Sun] [C/H]mod [-4.9/-0.05] Model C abundance relative
to the Sun
50- 50 I1 --- f_[C/H]mod [1] Flag on [C/H]mod (1)
52- 56 F5.2 [Sun] [N/H]mod [-9.1/-0.1] Model N abundance relative
to the Sun
58- 58 I1 --- f_[N/H]mod [1] Flag on [N/H]mod (1)
60- 64 F5.2 [Sun] [(C+N)/H]mod [-5/-0.1] Model C+N abundance relative
to the Sun
66- 66 I1 --- f_[(C+N)/H]mod [1] Flag on [(C+N)/H]mod (1)
68- 72 F5.2 [Sun] [O/H]mod [-4.3/-0.6] Model O abundance relative
to the Sun
74- 74 I1 --- f_[O/H]mod [1] Flag on [O/H]mod (1)
76- 80 F5.2 [Sun] [Na/H]mod [-5.8/-2] Model Na abundance relative
to the Sun
82- 82 I1 --- f_[Na/H]mod [1] Flag on [Na/H]mod (1)
84- 88 F5.2 [Sun] [Mg/H]mod [-4.6/-2] Model Mg abundance relative
to the Sun
90- 90 I1 --- f_[Mg/H]mod [1] Flag on [Mg/H]mod (1)
92- 96 F5.2 [Sun] [Al/H]mod [-5.7/-2.7] Model Al abundance relative
to the Sun
98- 98 I1 --- f_[Al/H]mod [1] Flag on [Al/H]mod (1)
100-104 F5.2 [Sun] [Si/H]mod [-4.9/-2] Model Si abundance relative
to the Sun
106-106 I1 --- f_[Si/H]mod [1] Flag on [Si/H]mod (1)
108-112 F5.2 [Sun] [Ca/H]mod [-5.1/-2.4] Model Ca abundance relative
to the Sun
114-114 I1 --- f_[Ca/H]mod [1] Flag on [Ca/H]mod (1)
116-120 F5.2 [Sun] [Sc/H]mod [-7/-2.7] Model Sc abundance relative
to the Sun
122-123 I2 --- f_[Sc/H]mod [-2] Flag on [Sc/H]mod (1)
125-129 F5.2 [Sun] [Ti/H]mod [-5.3/-3] Model Ti abundance relative
to the Sun
131-132 I2 --- f_[Ti/H]mod [-2] Flag on [Ti/H]mod (1)
134-138 F5.2 [Sun] [Cr/H]mod [-5.1/-2.8] Model Cr abundance relative
to the Sun
140-140 I1 --- f_[Cr/H]mod [1] Flag on [Cr/H]mod (1)
142-146 F5.2 [Sun] [Mn/H]mod [-5.7/-3.2] Model Mn abundance relative
to the Sun
148-148 I1 --- f_[Mn/H]mod [1] Flag on [Mn/H]mod (1)
150-154 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H]mod [-5/-2.8] Model Fe abundance relative
to the Sun
156-156 I1 --- f_[Fe/H]mod [1] Flag on [Fe/H]mod (1)
158-162 F5.2 [Sun] [Co/H]mod [-5.1/-2.8] Model Co abundance relative
to the Sun
164-164 I1 --- f_[Co/H]mod [1] Flag on [Co/H]mod (1)
166-170 F5.2 [Sun] [Ni/H]mod [-4.9/-2.6] Model Ni abundance relative
to the Sun
172-172 I1 --- f_[Ni/H]mod [1] Flag on [Ni/H]mod (1)
174-178 F5.2 [Sun] [Zn/H]mod [-5/-2.5] Model Zn abundance relative
to the Sun
180-180 I1 --- f_[Zn/H]mod [1] Flag on [Zn/H]mod (1)
182-186 F5.2 [Sun] [C/H]obs [-4.9/-0.06]?=-9.99 Observed C abundance
relative to the Sun
188-189 I2 --- f_[C/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [C/H]obs (1)
191-195 F5.2 [Sun] [N/H]obs [-4/0.3]?=-9.99 Observed N abundance
relative to the Sun
197-198 I2 --- f_[N/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [N/H]obs (1)
200-204 F5.2 [Sun] [(C+N)/H]obs [-4/-0.06]?=-9.99 Observed C+N abundance
relative to the Sun
206-207 I2 --- f_[(C+N)/H]obs [-2/1] Flag on [(C+N)/H]obs (1)
209-213 F5.2 [Sun] [O/H]obs [-3/-1.1]?=-9.99 Observed O abundance
relative to the Sun
215-216 I2 --- f_[O/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [O/H]obs (1)
218-222 F5.2 [Sun] [Na/H]obs [-5/-1.6]?=-9.99 Observed Na abundance
relative to the Sun
224-225 I2 --- f_[Na/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [Na/H]obs (1)
227-231 F5.2 [Sun] [Mg/H]obs [-4.7/-2] Observed Mg abundance
relative to the Sun
233-233 I1 --- f_[Mg/H]obs [1] Flag on [Mg/H]obs (1)
235-239 F5.2 [Sun] [Al/H]obs [-5.5/-3.1]?=-9.99 Observed Al abundance
relative to the Sun
241-241 I1 --- f_[Al/H]obs [0/1] Flag on [Al/H]obs (1)
243-247 F5.2 [Sun] [Si/H]obs [-5.2/-1.8]?=-9.99 Observed Si abundance
relative to the Sun
249-250 I2 --- f_[Si/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [Si/H]obs (1)
252-256 F5.2 [Sun] [Ca/H]obs [-4.8/-2.4]?=-9.99 Observed Ca abundance
relative to the Sun
258-258 I1 --- f_[Ca/H]obs [0/1] Flag on [Ca/H]obs (1)
260-264 F5.2 [Sun] [Sc/H]obs [-4.9/-1.5]?=-9.99 Observed Sc abundance
relative to the Sun
266-267 I2 --- f_[Sc/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [Sc/H]obs (1)
269-273 F5.2 [Sun] [Ti/H]obs [-4.7/-2.2] Observed Ti abundance
relative to the Sun
275-276 I2 --- f_[Ti/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [Ti/H]obs (1)
278-282 F5.2 [Sun] [Cr/H]obs [-5.5/-2.9]?=-9.99 observed Cr abundance
relative to the Sun
284-284 I1 --- f_[Cr/H]obs [0/1] Flag on [Cr/H]obs (1)
286-290 F5.2 [Sun] [Mn/H]obs [-5.6/-3.1]?=-9.99 Observed Mn abundance
relative to the Sun
292-293 I2 --- f_[Mn/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [Mn/H]obs (1)
295-299 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H]obs [-5/-2.9] Observed Fe abundance
relative to the Sun
301-301 I1 --- f_[Fe/H]obs [1] Flag on [Fe/H]obs (1)
303-307 F5.2 [Sun] [Co/H]obs [-4.5/-2.1]?=-9.99 Observed Co abundance
relative to the Sun
309-310 I2 --- f_[Co/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [Co/H]obs (1)
312-316 F5.2 [Sun] [Ni/H]obs [-5/-2.6]?=-9.99 Observed Ni abundance
relative to the Sun
318-318 I1 --- f_[Ni/H]obs [0/1] flag on [Ni/H]obs (1)
320-324 F5.2 [Sun] [Zn/H]obs [-3.6/-1.4]?=-9.99 Observed Zn abundance
relative to the Sun
326-327 I2 --- f_[Zn/H]obs [-1/1] Flag on [Zn/H]obs (1)
329-329 I1 --- Ref [1/9] Reference code (2)
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Note (1): Flags for abundances as follows:
1 = used value;
-1 = upper limit;
-2 = lower limit.
Note (2): References code as follows:
1 = Yong et al. (2013, J/ApJ/762/26);
2 = Cohen et al. (2013, J/ApJ/778/56);
3 = Roederer et al. (2014, J/AJ/147/136);
4 = Jacobson et al. (2015, J/ApJ/807/171);
5 = Hansen et al. (2014ApJ...787..162H 2014ApJ...787..162H);
6 = Placco et al. (2015ApJ...809..136P 2015ApJ...809..136P);
7 = Frebel et al. (2015ApJ...810L..27F 2015ApJ...810L..27F);
8 = Melendez et al. (2016A&A...585L...5M 2016A&A...585L...5M);
9 = Placco et al. (2016ApJ...833...21P 2016ApJ...833...21P).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 15-Feb-2019