J/ApJ/859/87 Kepler long- and short-cadence flare parameters (Yang+, 2018)
Do long-cadence data of the Kepler spacecraft capture basic properties of
flares?
Yang H., Liu J., Qiao E., Zhang H., Gao Q., Cui K., Han H.
<Astrophys. J., 859, 87 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...859...87Y 2018ApJ...859...87Y
ADC_Keywords: Stars, flare
Keywords: methods: analytical ; methods: statistical ; stars: flare
Abstract:
Flare research is becoming a burgeoning realm of interest in the study
of stellar activity due to the launch of Kepler in 2009. Kepler
provides data with two time resolutions, i.e., the long-cadence (LC)
data with a time resolution of 30 minutes and the short-cadence (SC)
data with a time resolution of 1 minute, both of which can be used to
study stellar flares. In this paper, we search flares in light curves
with both LC data and SC data, and compare them in aspects of the
true-flare rate, the flare energy, the flare amplitude, and the flare
duration. It is found that LC data systematically underestimated the
energies of flares by 25%, and underestimated the amplitudes of flares
by 60% compared with SC flares. The durations are systematically
overestimated by 50% compared with SC flares. However, the above
percentages are poorly constrained and there is a lot of scatter.
About 60% of SC flares have not been detected by LC data. We
investigate the limitation of LC data, and suggest that although LC
data cannot reflect the detailed profiles of flares, they can also
capture the basic properties of stellar flares.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
stars.dat 9 156 List of KIC stars; table added by CDS
table2.dat 49 940 The parameters of long-cadence (LC) flares
for 156 KIC stars
table3.dat 49 1425 The parameters of short-cadence (SC) flares
for 156 KIC stars
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See also:
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)
J/ApJ/743/138 : Spectroscopic survey of bright white dwarfs (Gianninas+, 2011)
J/AJ/141/50 : White-light flares on cool Kepler stars (Walkowicz+, 2011)
J/other/Nat/485.478 : Superflares on solar-type stars (Maehara+, 2012)
J/ApJ/754/4 : HST monitoring of flaring stars in Gal. bulge (Osten+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/431/2240 : Activity in A-type stars from Kepler (Balona, 2013)
J/ApJS/204/24 : Kepler planetary candidates. III. (Batalha+, 2013)
J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/5 : Superflares of Kepler stars. I. (Shibayama+, 2013)
J/ApJS/211/2 : Revised properties of Q1-16 Kepler targets (Huber+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/447/2714 : Flare stars across the H-R diagram (Balona+, 2015)
J/ApJ/801/3 : Rotation periods for Q3-Q14 KOIs (Mazeh+, 2015)
J/AJ/151/68 : Kepler Mission. VII. Eclipsing binaries in DR3 (Kirk+, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/12 : Kepler planetary candidates. VII. 48-month (Coughlin+, 2016)
J/ApJ/829/23 : Stellar flares from Q0-Q17 Kepler LCs (Davenport, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/37 : White-light flares on close binaries from Kepler (Gao+, 2016)
J/ApJS/232/26 : Catalog of Kepler flare stars (Van Doorsselaere+, 2017)
J/ApJ/849/36 : Flaring activity of M dwarfs in the Kepler field (Yang+, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 I9 --- KIC [1025986/12406908] Kepler Input Catalog
identifier
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[23].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 I9 --- KIC [1025986/12406908] Kepler Input Catalog
identifier
11- 13 I3 --- Ind [0/939] Flare Index (1)
15- 23 F9.4 d BTime [131.9/1587] Flare start time, Kepler
Barycentric Julian Day (BKJD), BJD-2454833
25- 33 F9.4 d ETime [131.9/1587] Flare end time, Kepler
Barycentric Julian Day (BKJD), BJD-2454833
35- 43 F9.1 10-6ct Amp [97.3/3551809.1] Flare amplitude
in parts per million
45- 49 F5.2 [10-7J] logE [30/36.6] log of flare energy, in ergs
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Note (1): The flare index connects the LC and SC flares. There may be multiple
SC flares during an LC flare.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 03-Jun-2019