J/ApJ/864/154 Planck cold clump G108.37-01.06 YSO candidates (Dutta+, 2018)
The Planck cold clump G108.37-01.06: a site of complex interplay between H II
regions, young clusters, and filaments.
Dutta S., Mondal S., Samal M.R., Jose J.
<Astrophys. J., 864, 154 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...864..154D 2018ApJ...864..154D
ADC_Keywords: Photometry, infrared; YSOs; Interstellar medium; Molecular clouds
Keywords: H II regions ; infrared: stars ; ISM: clouds ;
ISM: individual objects (G108.37-01.06) ; ISM: molecules ;
stars: formation
Abstract:
The Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) are possible representations
of the initial conditions and very early stages of star formation.
With the objective of understanding better the star and star cluster
formation, we probe the molecular cloud associated with
PGCC G108.37-01.06 (hereafter PG108.3), which can be traced in a
velocity range of -57 to -51km/s. The INT Photometric Hα Survey
images reveal Hα emission at various locations around PG108.3,
and optical spectroscopy of the bright sources in those zones of
Hα emission discloses two massive ionizing sources with spectral
type O8-O9V and B1V. Using the radio continuum, we estimate ionizing
gas parameters and find the dynamical ages of HII regions associated
with the massive stars in the range of 0.5-0.75Myr. Based on the
stellar surface density map constructed from the deep near-infrared
Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope observations, we find two prominent
star clusters in PG108.3; of these, the cluster associated with H ii
region S148 is moderately massive (∼240M☉). A careful inspection
of James Clerk Maxwell telescope 13CO (3-2) molecular data exhibits
that the massive cluster is associated with a number of filamentary
structures. Several embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) are also
identified in PG108.3 along the length and junction of filaments. We
find evidence of a velocity gradient along the length of the
filaments. Along with kinematics of the filaments and the distribution
of ionized, molecular gas and YSOs, we suggest that the cluster
formation is most likely due to the longitudinal collapse of the most
massive filament in PG108.3.
Description:
We carried out optical spectroscopic observations of five bright
sources in the optically nebulous region around PGCC G108.37-01.06
using the HFOSC instrument on the 2m Himalayan Chandra Telescope, India.
Deep NIR observations around PG108.3 (centered on RAJ2000=22:55:36,
DEJ2000=+58:28:06) were obtained in H (1.63um) and K (2.14um) bands
covering a field of view (FOV) of ∼23'x19' from the
Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) data archive observed using the
WIRCam camera of the CFHT 3.6m telescope during 2007 July 31.
The Spitzer-IRAC observations in 3.6 and 4.5um bands were available in
the Spitzer archive program (Program ID: 30734; PI: D. F. Figer) for
the central part toward PG108.3.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 88 111 Catalog of YSOs towards PG108.3 cloud complex
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See also:
III/195 : Atlas of Optical Spectral Classification OB Stars (Walborn+ 1990)
III/181 : Near Infrared Spectra of Normal Stars (Torres-Dodgen+ 1993)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
VII/20 : Catalogue of HII Regions (Sharpless 1959)
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
J/ApJS/91/659 : Ultracompact HII regions radio images (Kurtz+ 1994)
J/AJ/109/1379 : Praesepe & M 67 spectral standards (Allen+ 1995)
J/ApJ/578/914 : Low-mass stars in Taurus (Hartmann, 2002)
J/ApJ/573/366 : Infrared photometry of Trapezium cluster (Muench+, 2002)
J/AJ/127/3235 : HIRES atlas of all RBGS galaxies (Surace+, 2004)
J/ApJ/651/502 : Spitzer IRAC photom. of M, L, and T dwarfs (Patten+, 2006)
J/ApJ/674/336 : Spitzer observations of NGC 1333 (Gutermuth+, 2008)
J/ApJ/688/1142 : Star formation in W5: Spitzer observations (Koenig+, 2008)
J/MNRAS/383/1241 : UBVIc photometry of cluster Berkeley 59 (Pandey+, 2008)
J/ApJS/184/18 : Spitzer survey of young stellar clusters (Gutermuth+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/392/1034 : IZJHKL' photometry of NGC 6611 (Oliveira+, 2009)
J/ApJS/187/251 : Ultradeep Ks imaging in the GOODS-N (Wang+, 2010)
J/AJ/141/123 : Molecular clouds associated with HII regions (Azimlu+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/415/1202 : BVI photometry in W5E HII region (Chauhan+, 2011)
J/A+A/527/A135 : Massive Dense Cores in Cygnus-X (Csengeri+, 2011)
J/ApJ/756/76 : Planck cold dust clumps CO survey (Wu+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/432/3445 : YSOs on HII complex Sh2-252 (Jose+, 2013)
J/ApJ/779/113 : IR photometry of YSOs in the W40 region (Mallick+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/37 : Planck cold clumps in 12CO, 13CO & C18O (Meng+, 2013)
J/ApJ/764/172 : UBVRI photometry of stars toward NGC 1931 (Pandey+, 2013)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/443/1614 : YSOs in BRC 5, 7 and 39 (Panwar+, 2014)
J/A+A/561/A83 : SDC13 infrared dark clouds spectra (Peretto+, 2014)
J/A+A/566/A122 : JHK and IRAC photometry of Sh2-90 YSOs (Samal+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/454/3597 : NGC 2282 BVI Ha observations (Dutta+, 2015)
J/A+A/581/A140 : VISTA Orion mini-survey (Spezzi+, 2015)
J/A+A/588/A104 : Molecular clouds and star formation (Gong+, 2016)
J/ApJ/822/49 : YSO cand. in AFGL 333 with NEWFIRM & Spitzer (Jose+, 2016)
J/ApJ/818/95 : YSO candidates within 5' from the IR bubble N4 (Liu+, 2016)
J/A+A/594/A28 : Planck Cat. of Galactic cold clumps (PGCC) (Planck+, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/43 : Planck cold clumps & cores in 2nd quadrant (Zhang+, 2016)
J/A+A/606/A123 : Molecular maps of NGC1333 (Hacar+, 2017)
J/ApJ/836/98 : YSOs search in Stock 8 with opt. to IR photom. (Jose+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/44 : PMS stars in young cluster Berkeley 59 (Panwar+, 2018)
J/ApJS/236/49 : CO+850um obs. of Planck Galactic cold clumps (Zhang+, 2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 1 I1 --- Type [1/4] Source type code (1)
3- 11 F9.5 deg RAdeg [343.96/344.21] Right Ascension (J2000)
13- 20 F8.5 deg DEdeg [58.34/58.58] Declination (J2000)
22- 27 F6.3 mag Jmag [12.6/17.1]?=99.999 Apparent 2MASS J band
magnitude
29- 34 F6.3 mag e_Jmag [0.02/0.3]?=99.999 Uncertainty in Jmag
36- 41 F6.3 mag Hmag [11.9/19.3] Apparent CFHT/WIRCam H band magnitude
43- 47 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.009/0.1] Uncertainty in Hmag
49- 54 F6.3 mag Ksmag [10.6/17.5] Apparent CFHT/WIRCam Ks band magnitude
56- 60 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag [0.009/0.1] Uncertainty in Ksmag
62- 67 F6.3 mag 3.6mag [11.5/16]?=99.999 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um magnitude
69- 74 F6.3 mag e_3.6mag [0.005/0.2]?=99.999 Uncertainty in 3.6mag
76- 81 F6.3 mag 4.5mag [10.8/15.2]?=99.999 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um magnitude
83- 88 F6.3 mag e_4.5mag [0.006/0.2]?=99.999 Uncertainty in 4.5mag
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Note (1): Source type code as follows:
1 = Class I sources (16 occurrences)
2 = Class II sources (39 occurrences)
3 = Method02: YSOs identified from (H-K/K-4.5) CC scheme (28 occurrences)
4 = Method03: YSOs identified from (H-K/K) scheme (28 occurrences)
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Nomenclature note:
In table 3, sources are <[DMS2018] JDDD.ddddd+DD.ddddd> in Simbad.
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 20-Aug-2019