J/ApJ/867/167 High-mass outflows from the COHRS CO(3-2) survey (Li+, 2018)
High-mass outflows identified from COHRS CO (3-2) survey.
Li Q., Zhou J., Esimbek J., He Y., Baan W.A., Li D., Wu G., Tang X., Ji W.,
Zhexeray D.
<Astrophys. J., 867, 167 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...867..167L 2018ApJ...867..167L
ADC_Keywords: Interstellar medium; Star Forming Region; Carbon monoxide;
Mass loss; Galactic plane
Keywords: ISM: jets and outflows ; ISM: molecules ; stars: formation ;
stars: massive
Abstract:
An unbiased search of molecular outflows within the region of the CO
High Resolution survey has identified 157 high-mass outflows from a
sample of 770 APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy clumps
with a detection rate of 20%. The detection rate of outflows increases
for clumps with higher Mclump, Lbol, Lbol/Mclump,NH2, and
Tdust compared to the clumps with no outflow. The detection rates of
the outflow increase from protostellar (8%) to young stellar object
clump (17%) to massive star-forming clump (29%). The detection rate
26% for quiescent clump is preliminary, because the sample of
quiescent clumps is small. A statistical relation between the outflow
and clump masses for our sample is
log(Mout/M☉)=(-1.1±0.21)+(0.9±0.07)log(Mclump/M☉).
The detection rate of outflows and the outflow mass-loss rate show an
increase with increasing Mclump, Lbol, NH2_, and Tdust, which
indicates that clumps with outflow with higher parameter values are at
a more advanced evolutionary stage. The outflow mechanical force
increases with increasing bolometric luminosities. No clear evidence
has yet been found that higher-mass outflows have different launching
conditions than low-mass outflows.
Description:
In this paper, we select 770 compact clumps from the APEX Telescope
Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL; Schuller+ 2009A&A...504..415S 2009A&A...504..415S)
with relatively strong CO(3-2) emission in the CO High Resolution
Survey (COHRS; Dempsey+ 2013ApJS..209....8D 2013ApJS..209....8D).
ATLASGAL has a Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) beam size of 19.2",
and the typical pointing rms error is ∼4arcsec at 345GHz. The survey
sensitivity of 0.3-0.5Jy/beam (5ω) allows the detection of all
cold dense clumps (<25K) with masses ≥1000M☉ out to a
heliocentric distance of 20kpc (Urquhart+ 2014, J/A+A/568/41). A total
of 10163 compact clumps have been detected in the region |l|<60°
and |b|<1.5°, and (Urquhart+ 2018, J/MNRAS/473/1059) present the
detailed physical properties of these massive star-forming (MSF)
clumps.
COHRS has been taken using the Heterodyne Array Receiver Programme on
the James Clerk Maxwell telescope (JCMT) in Hawaii. The survey has an
angular resolution of 13.8" and an approximate rms of ∼2K per 0.42km/s
channel. At this frequency, the main-beam efficiency is 0.61.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 54 770 Physical properties (from Urquhart+,
2018, J/MNRAS/473/1059) of the 770 ATLASGAL clumps
to be searched for outflows
table2.dat 39 84 Integrated intensity contour levels for blueshifted
and redshifted emissions
table3.dat 90 84 Outflow properties of the blue and red lobes
for 84 ATLASGAL clumps
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See also:
J/A+A/417/615 : Maser and outflows in UC HII region (Codella+, 2004)
J/A+A/426/503 : Catalogue of high velocity molecular outflows (Wu+ 2004)
J/A+A/472/187 : 12CO outflows towards subm cores in Perseus (Hatchell+,2007)
J/MNRAS/404/661 : Young stellar outflows near-IR imaging (Varricatt+ 2010)
J/MNRAS/418/2121 : CO 3-2 observations of outflows in W5 (Ginsburg+, 2011)
J/A+A/540/A113 : Starless clumps in ATLASGAL (Tackenberg+, 2012)
J/A+A/557/A94 : SiO and HCO+ mass molecular outflows (Sanchez-Monge+, 2013)
J/A+A/572/A40 : Outflow of H2 gas from NGC3256 (Emonts+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/443/1555 : ATLASGAL massive star forming clumps (Urquhart+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/444/566 : Methanol maser associated outflows (de Villiers+, 2014)
J/A+A/568/41 : ATLASGAL Compact Source Catalog: 280<l<60 (Urquhart+, 2014)
J/A+A/570/A65 : ATLASGAL massive clumps CO depletion (Giannetti+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/453/645 : Massive molecular outflows dist-limited sample (Maud+, 2015)
J/AJ/152/92 : NH3 and CO outflow around 6.7GHz methanol masers (Li+, 2016)
J/A+A/599/A139 : ATLASGAL mass clumps dust characterization (Koenig+, 2017)
J/A+A/603/A33 : Temperature evolution in massive clumps (Giannetti+, 2017)
J/ApJS/231/11 : High-mass starless clump cand. from ATLASGAL (Yuan+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/473/1059 : Complete sample of Galactic clump props (Urquhart+, 2018)
J/ApJS/234/8 : YSO jets from UWISH2. IV. Cygnus-X outflows (Makin+, 2018)
J/ApJS/235/3 : Mass outflows associated with ATLASGAL clumps (Yang+, 2018)
J/A+A/622/A135 : Mid-J CO emission of Top100 clumps (Navarete+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- AGAL ATLASGAL name (GLLL.lll+BB.bbb)
17- 28 A12 --- Type Evolution Type (1)
30- 33 F4.1 kpc Dist [0.3/15.9]? Distance
35- 38 F4.1 K Tdust [9.7/46.4]? Dust temperature
40- 42 F3.1 [Lsun] logLbol [0.5/6.9]? log of bolometric luminosity
44- 47 F4.1 [Msun] logMclump [-0.3/5]? Clump mass
49- 54 F6.3 [cm-2] logNH2 [21.7/24]? log of H2 column density
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Note (1): Evolution type as follows:
YSO = YSO-forming clumps: bright mid-infrared 24um emission
(386 occurrences);
MSF = Massive star-forming clumps: radio-bright HII regions,
massive YSOs, and methanol masers (269 occurrences);
Protostellar = Clumps with weak mid-infrared 24um emission but far-infrared
bright (93 occurrences);
Quiescent = the youngest quiescent phase: a starless or pre-stellar phase
with weak 70um emission (19 occurrences);
ncer = Uncertain (not yet classified; 3 occurrences)
See section 4.2 for further explanations.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- AGAL ATLASGAL name (GLLL.lll+BB.bbb)
17- 21 F5.2 K.km/s Bluestart [1.1/10.8] Blue-shifted outflow contours, start
23- 27 F5.2 K.km/s Bluestep [0.07/14.1] Blue-shifted outflow contours, step
29- 33 F5.2 K.km/s Redstart [1.1/10.8] Red-shifted outflow contours, start
35- 39 F5.2 K.km/s Redstep [0.1/16.3] Red-shifted outflow contours, step
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 15 A15 --- AGAL ATLASGAL name (GLLL.lll+BB.bbb)
17- 22 F6.1 Msun Mout [0.7/1041] Outflow mass
24- 30 F7.1 Msun.km/s p [3.6/16148] Outflow momentum
32- 38 F7.2 10+38J E [0.1/2500] Outflow energy
40- 43 F4.1 10+4yr tdyn [0.8/32.4] Dynamical time
45- 50 F6.2 10-3Msun.km/s/yr Fout [0.1/678] Mechanical force
52- 57 F6.2 Lsun Lout [0.05/932] Mechanical luminosity
59- 65 F7.3 10-4Msun/yr dM/dt [0.2/491] Mass-Loss rate
67- 71 F5.1 km/s dvBmin [-19/120] Integrated blue-shifted
velocity range, min
73- 77 F5.1 km/s dvBmax [-10/122] Integrated blue-shifted
velocity range, max
79- 84 F6.2 km/s dvRmin [-1.4/126] Integrated red-shifted
velocity range, min
86- 90 F5.1 km/s dvRmax [2/131] Integrated red-shifted
velocity range, max
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie FIX [CDS] 17-Oct-2019