J/ApJ/869/72 IN-SYNC. VIII. YSOs in NGC 1333, IC 348 and Orion A (Yao+, 2018)
IN-SYNC.
VIII. Primordial disk frequencies in NGC 1333, IC 348, and the Orion A
molecular cloud.
Yao Y., Meyer M.R., Covey K.R., Tan J.C., Da Rio N.
<Astrophys. J., 869, 72 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...869...72Y 2018ApJ...869...72Y
ADC_Keywords: Spectra, infrared; Clusters, open; Star Forming Region; YSOs;
Effective temperatures; Line Profiles; Photometry, infrared;
Equivalent widths; Extinction
Keywords: protoplanetary disks ; stars: formation ; stars: pre-main sequence
Abstract:
In this paper, we address two issues related to primordial disk
evolution in three clusters (NGC1333, IC348, and OrionA) observed by
the INfrared Spectra of Young Nebulous Clusters (IN-SYNC) project.
First, in each cluster, averaged over the spread of age, we
investigate how disk lifetime is dependent on stellar mass. The
general relation in IC348 and OrionA is that primordial disks around
intermediate-mass stars (2-5M☉) evolve faster than those around
loss-mass stars (0.1-1M☉), which is consistent with previous
results. However, considering only low-mass stars, we do not find a
significant dependence of disk frequency on stellar mass. These
results can help to better constrain theories on gas giant planet
formation timescales. Second, in the OrionA molecular cloud, in the
mass range of 0.35-0.7M☉, we provide the most robust evidence to
date for disk evolution within a single cluster exhibiting modest age
spread. By using surface gravity as an age indicator and employing
4.5µm excess as a primordial disk diagnostic, we observe a trend of
decreasing disk frequency for older stars. The detection of
intra-cluster disk evolution in NGC1333 and IC348 is tentative, since
the slight decrease of disk frequency for older stars is a less than
1σ effect.
Description:
Thanks to the INfrared Spectra of Young Nebulous Clusters (IN-SYNC)
program, more than 3000 stars in NGC 1333, IC 348, and the Orion A
molecular cloud have been observed with the Apache Point Observatory
Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) project from the third Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III; Eisenstein+ 2011AJ....142...72E 2011AJ....142...72E).
The APOGEE spectrograph covers the spectral range from 1.51 to 1.70um
with a spectral resolution of ∼22500.
To identify cluster members from the observed sources, we first use
previous membership studies to select YSO candidates. Then we make
restrictions on their Gaia DR2 distances and proper motions to reduce
possible contamination from field stars or background giants.
See section 2.2.1 for further explanations.
We utilize infrared photometry from online archives of the Spitzer
Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) instrument, which includes four bands at
3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0um.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 39 9 Adopted values for each cluster
table2.dat 172 1641 1641 sources used in the sample
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See also:
II/332 : c2d Spitzer final data release (DR4) (Evans+, 2003)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
J/AJ/111/1964 : JHK photometry of NGC1333 (Lada+, 1996)
J/A+A/337/403 : Low-mass stars evolutionary models (Baraffe+ 1998)
J/AJ/116/1816 : JHKLMNOPQ photometry in Orion cluster (Hillenbrand+, 1998)
J/ApJ/593/1093 : IC 348 membership (Luhman+, 2003)
J/AJ/127/1131 : NGC 1333 low-mass stars infrared photometry (Wilking+, 2004)
J/AJ/129/856 : Herbig Ae/Be stars nearby OB associations (Hernandez+, 2005)
J/ApJ/651/L49 : Upper Sco OB association IRAC obs. (Carpenter+, 2006)
J/AJ/131/1574 : Infrared photometry of IC348 members (Lada+, 2006)
J/AJ/133/2072 : Spitzer observations of NGC 2362 (Dahm+, 2007)
J/ApJ/671/1784 : Ori OB1 IRAC/MIPS observations (Hernandez+, 2007)
J/ApJ/662/1067 : Sptizer observations of sigma Orionis (Hernandez+, 2007)
J/AJ/134/411 : Properties of IC 348 members (Muench+, 2007)
J/ApJ/674/336 : Spitzer observations of NGC 1333 (Gutermuth+, 2008)
J/ApJ/688/362 : Disks around brown dwarfs σOri cluster (Luhman+, 2008)
J/ApJ/696/L84 : Primordial circumstellar disks binary systems (Cieza+, 2009)
J/ApJ/698/1 : Spitzer observations of NGC 2362 (Currie+, 2009)
J/ApJS/181/321 : Properties of Spitzer c2d dark clouds (Evans+, 2009)
J/ApJ/748/14 : ONC population data from WFI observations (Da Rio+, 2012)
J/ApJ/752/59 : Low-mass population in L1641 (Hsu+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/31 : Spitzer+2MASS of protostar candidates (Kryukova+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/192 : Spitzer survey of Orion A and B. I. YSO (Megeath+, 2012)
J/ApJ/771/129 : Submillimetric Class II sources of Taurus (Andrews+, 2013)
J/ApJS/207/5 : YSOs in LDN 1641 with Hectochelle spectra (Fang+, 2013)
J/ApJ/764/114 : BVRI photometry of stars in Orion A (Hsu+, 2013)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/ApJ/794/125 : IN-SYNC. I. APOGEE stellar parameters (Cottaar+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/442/2543 : Dust disks around star in young clusters (Yasui+, 2014)
J/ApJ/807/27 : IN-SYNC. III. Radial velocities IC348 stars (Cottaar+, 2015)
J/ApJ/799/136 : IN-SYNC. II. Candidate young stars NGC 1333 (Foster+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/40 : The Spitzer c2d survey clouds. XII. Perseus (Young+, 2015)
J/A+A/586/A96 : 800 Disk-locking PMS evolutionary tracks (Landin+, 2016)
J/ApJ/818/59 : IN-SYNC. IV. YSOs in Orion A (Da Rio+, 2016)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Cluster Cluster name
10- 12 A3 Myr Age Mean age
14 A1 --- r_Age Age reference (1)
16- 20 F5.1 pc Dist [282.3/415.1] Distance (2)
22- 29 A8 Msun Mass Representative mass range (3)
31 A1 --- l_AJ Limit flag on AJ
32- 33 I2 mag AJ [3/10]? J-band extinction limit
35- 36 A2 --- SpT2.2M Spectral type (2.2M☉)
38- 39 A2 --- SpT5M Spectral type (5M☉)
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Note (1): Age references as follows:
a = Lada et al. (1996AJ....111.1964L 1996AJ....111.1964L),
b = Muench et al. (2007AJ....134..411M 2007AJ....134..411M),
c = Muench et al. (2008hsf1.book..483M 2008hsf1.book..483M).
Note (2): Distances are the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of the Gaia DR2
distance distribution of cluster members.
Note (3): The representative mass range is given at a certain extinction limit.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS designation (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
18- 26 F9.6 deg RAdeg 2MASS right ascension (J2000)
28- 36 F9.6 deg DEdeg 2MASS declination (J2000)
38- 43 F6.1 K Teff [3003.7/4746.7] Effective temperature
45- 49 F5.1 K e_Teff [2.8/956] Uncertainty in Teff
51- 55 F5.2 [cm/s2] log(g) [-0.3/5.5] Log of surface gravity
57- 60 F4.2 [cm/s2] e_log(g) [0.01/5.6] Uncertainty in log(g)
62- 67 F6.3 mag Jmag [7.1/16.9] Apparent 2MASS J band magnitude
69- 73 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.01/0.2] Uncertainty in Jmag
75- 80 F6.3 mag Hmag [7.2/14.8] Apparent 2MASS H band magnitude
82- 86 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.01/0.5] Uncertainty in Hmag
88- 93 F6.3 mag Ksmag [7.1/14.1] Apparent 2MASS Ks band magnitude
95- 99 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag [0.01/0.06] Uncertainty in Ksmag
101-106 F6.3 mag 4.5mag [6.3/13.6] Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um band magnitude
108-112 F5.3 mag e_4.5mag [0.05/1.2] Uncertainty in 4.5mag
114-119 F6.3 mag AJ [-2/9.3] J band extinction
121 I1 --- DCode [0/1]? Disk type code (0=diskless or
1=disk-bearing star)
123 I1 --- BCode [0/1] Brackett observed code
(1=Brackett 11 line measured)
125-129 F5.2 0.1nm EW [-5.1/-0.03]? Equivalent width of BrII line;
in Angstrom units
131-134 F4.2 0.1nm e_EW [0.02/0.7]? Uncertainty in EW
136-143 F8.2 mW/m2 Flux [8/13067]? Line flux of Br11 line;
in erg/s/cm2 units
145-150 F6.2 mW/m2 e_Flux [3/838]? Uncertainty in Flux
152-157 F6.2 km/s FWHM [10/284]? FWHM of Br11 line
159-163 F5.2 km/s e_FWHM [0.2/60]? Uncertainty in FWHM
165-172 A8 --- Cluster Cluster identifier
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Cottaar et al. Paper I. 2014ApJ...794..125C 2014ApJ...794..125C Cat. J/ApJ/794/125
Foster et al. Paper II. 2015ApJ...799..136F 2015ApJ...799..136F Cat. J/ApJ/799/136
Cottaar et al. Paper III. 2015ApJ...807...27C 2015ApJ...807...27C Cat. J/ApJ/807/27
Da Rio et al. Paper IV. 2016ApJ...818...59D 2016ApJ...818...59D Cat. J/ApJ/818/59
Da Rio et al. Paper V. 2017ApJ...845..105D 2017ApJ...845..105D
Fernandez et al. Paper VI. 2017PASP..129h4201F 2017PASP..129h4201F
Jaehnig et al. Paper VII. 2017ApJ...851...14J 2017ApJ...851...14J
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie FIX [CDS] 05-Nov-2019