J/ApJ/871/16 Sun active regions from 1976-2017 (Jiang+, 2019)
Different contributions to space weather and space climate from different big
solar active regions.
Jiang J., Song Q., Wang J.-X., Baranyi T.
<Astrophys. J., 871, 16 (2019)>
=2019ApJ...871...16J 2019ApJ...871...16J
ADC_Keywords: Sun; X-ray sources; Stars, flare
Keywords: Sun: activity ; Sun: magnetic fields
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to show that large active regions (ARs)
with different magnetic configurations have different contributions to
short-term and long-term variations of the Sun. As a case study, the
complex δ-type AR12673 and the simple β-type AR12674 are
investigated in detail. Since the axial dipole moment at cycle minimum
determines the amplitude of the subsequent cycle and space climate, we
have assimilated the individual observed magnetic configurations of
these two ARs into a surface flux transport model to compare their
contributions to the axial dipole moment D. We find that AR12673 has a
significant effect on D at the end of the cycle, making it weaker
because of abnormal and complicated magnetic polarities. An initial
strongly positive D ends up with a strongly negative value. The flare-
poor AR12674 has a greater contribution to the long-term axial dipole
moment than the flare-rich AR12673. We then carry out a statistical
analysis of ARs larger than 800µHem (solar hemisphere) from 1976 to
2017. We use the flare index (FI) and define an axial dipole moment
index (DI) to quantify the effects of each AR on space weather and
space climate, respectively. Whereas the FI has a strong dependence on
the magnetic configuration, the DI shows no such dependence. The DI is
mainly determined by the latitudinal location and the latitudinal
separation of the positive and negative magnetic fluxes of the ARs.
Simple ARs have the same possibility as complex ARs to produce big DI
values affecting space climate.
Description:
The Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD) sunspot catalog
(Baranyi+, 2016SoPh..291.3081B 2016SoPh..291.3081B) is the most detailed and user-friendly
catalog at present. It provides the area and position data for each
observable sunspot and sunspot groups on a daily basis along with
images of sunspot groups, full-disk scans, and magnetograms starting
from 1974 to the present.
The Geostationnary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) X-ray
data are available from 1975 September onwards. We select ARs that are
larger than 800{micro}Hem from the beginning of 1976 to the end of
2017. The 567 ARs that satisfy this requirement are singled out as our
samples.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 71 567 Detailed information on the active regions (ARs)
larger than 800µHem from 1976 to 2017
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See also:
VI/152 : SOVAP-PICARD total solar irradiance (Meftah+, 2016)
J/ApJS/91/461 : EUV spectrum of solar active region (Thomas+, 1994)
J/A+AS/130/233 : WATCH Solar X-Ray Burst Catalogue (Crosby+ 1998)
J/ApJ/543/1016 : EUV spectrum solar active region from SERTS-97 (Brosius+2000)
J/MNRAS/390/567 : Magnetic field and velocity of mid M dwarfs (Morin+, 2008)
J/ApJ/721/901 : Solar quiescent filament channels (Su+, 2010)
J/ApJ/747/L41 : Solar flares probabilities (Bloomfield+, 2012)
J/ApJ/757/94 : Solar flares observed with GOES and AIA (Aschwanden, 2012)
J/ApJ/759/141 : Emission measures in solar active regions (Warren+, 2012)
J/ApJ/771/L45 : 3D global climate models exoplanet around M-star (Yang+,2013)
J/ApJ/774/L27 : Solar flares predictors (Yang+, 2013)
J/A+A/562/L10 : Solar activity reconstructed for 3 millennia (Usoskin+, 2014)
J/ApJ/802/53 : Global energetics of solar flares. II. (Aschwanden+, 2015)
J/ApJ/833/284 : Quasi-periodic pulsations in solar flares (Inglis+, 2016)
J/ApJ/845/36 : Complex network for solar active regions (Daei+, 2017)
http://www.goes-r.gov/ : GOES-R series home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Seq [1/567] Running sequence number
5- 8 I4 yr Obs.Y [1976/2017] Year of the observation
10- 11 I2 "month" Obs.M [1/12] Month of the observation
13- 14 I2 d Obs.D [1/31] Month of the observation
16- 20 I5 --- NOAA [690/12674] National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) AR number (ARNum)
22- 27 F6.2 deg Lat [-35/36] Latitude
29- 32 I4 --- Area [800/4419] Maximum area in µHem
34 A1 --- Cl Magnetic classification (1)
36- 41 F6.2 deg alpha [-53/49] Mean tilt angle
43- 47 F5.2 deg e_alpha [0.5/64] Standard deviation in alpha
50- 55 F6.2 --- DI [0/214] Axial dipole moment index
58- 63 F6.1 --- FI [0/7953] Flare index
66- 71 F6.1 --- Fmax [0/2800] Maximum flare class
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Note (1): Classification as follows:
D = complex type (326 occurrences);
B = simple type (241 occurrences).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS] 13-Feb-2020