J/ApJ/872/158 Survey of Class II sources in Taurus with ALMA (Akeson+, 2019)
Resolved young binary systems and their disks.
Akeson R.L., Jensen E.L.N., Carpenter J., Ricci L., Laos S., Nogueira N.F.,
Suen-Lewis E.M.
<Astrophys. J., 872, 158 (2019)>
=2019ApJ...872..158A 2019ApJ...872..158A
ADC_Keywords: YSOs; Stars, double and multiple; Photometry, millimetric/submm;
Stars, masses; Stars, distances; Interferometry
Keywords: binaries: general ; protoplanetary disks ; stars: pre-main sequence
Abstract:
We have conducted a survey of young single and multiple systems in the
Taurus-Auriga star-forming region with the Atacama Large Millimeter
Array (ALMA), substantially improving both the spatial resolution and
sensitivity with which individual protoplanetary disks in these
systems have been observed. These ALMA observations can resolve binary
separations as small as 25-30au and have an average 3σ detection
level of 0.35mJy, equivalent to a disk mass of 4x10-5M☉ for an
M3 star. Our sample was constructed from stars that have an infrared
excess and/or signs of accretion and have been classified as Class II.
For the binary and higher-order multiple systems observed, we detect
λ=1.3mm continuum emission from one or more stars in all of our
target systems. Combined with previous surveys of Taurus, our 21 new
detections increase the fraction of millimeter-detected disks to over
75% in all categories of stars (singles, primaries, and companions)
earlier than spectral type M6 in the Class II sample. Given the wealth
of other information available for these stars, this has allowed us to
study the impact of multiplicity with a much larger sample. While
millimeter flux and disk mass are related to stellar mass as seen in
previous studies, we find that both primary and secondary stars in
binary systems with separations of 30-4200au have lower values of
millimeter flux as a function of stellar mass than single stars. We
also find that for these systems, the circumstellar disk around the
primary star does not dominate the total disk mass in the system and
contains on average 62% of the total mass.
Description:
Observations were made with ALMA in Band 6 (1.3mm) on 2015 May 3, 2015
Sept 18-19 (project code 2013.1.00105.S) and 2016 July 1 (project code
2015.1.00392.S).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 132 65 ALMA observation results
table3.dat 77 11 Measured component separations
table4.dat 148 211 Taurus sample disk and stellar properties
refs.dat 67 42 References
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See also:
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJS/101/117 : UBVRIJHKLMNQ photometry in Taurus-Auriga (Kenyon+ 1995)
J/A+A/376/982 : Near-IR observations of young binaries (Woitas+, 2001)
J/ApJ/645/676 : Spatial distribution of brown dwarfs in Taurus (Luhman+, 2006)
J/ApJ/647/1180 : Infrared photometry of Taurus SFR (Luhman+, 2006)
J/AJ/132/2665 : QUEST2 BRI photometry of Taurus-Auriga PMS (Slesnick+, 2006)
J/ApJ/662/413 : 2MASS survey of wide multiplicity in 3 assoc. (Kraus+, 2007)
J/ApJ/703/1511 : Wide binaries in Taurus and Upper Sco (Kraus+, 2009)
J/ApJ/704/531 : The coevality of young binary systems (Kraus+, 2009)
J/ApJS/186/111 : Spitzer observations of Taurus members (Luhman+, 2010)
J/ApJ/731/8 : Multiple star formation in Taurus-Auriga (Kraus+, 2011)
J/ApJ/751/115 : Millimeter emission from Taurus binary systems (Harris+, 2012)
J/ApJ/757/141 : Companion IR detection limits in young assoc. (Kraus+, 2012)
J/ApJ/745/19 : Binary systems in Taurus-Auriga (Kraus+, 2012)
J/ApJ/771/129 : Submillimetric Class II sources of Taurus (Andrews+, 2013)
J/ApJ/784/62 : Disks around binary stars in Taurus (Akeson+, 2014)
J/A+A/562/A127 : NIR integral field spectra of 15 M-L dwarfs (Bonnefoy+, 2014)
J/ApJ/786/97 : Photospheric properties of T Tauri stars (Herczeg+, 2014)
J/ApJ/828/46 : ALMA survey of Lupus protoplanetary disks. I. (Ansdell+, 2016)
J/ApJ/827/142 : ALMA observations of GKM stars in Upper Sco (Barenfeld+, 2016)
J/ApJ/831/125 : ALMA 887µm obs. of ChaI star-forming reg. (Pascucci+, 2016)
J/ApJ/845/44 : SMA obs. of nearby protoplanetary disks (Tripathi+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/54 : TBOSS Survey. II. ALMA continuum obs. (Ward-Duong+, 2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 17 A17 --- 2MASS 2MASS designation (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
19- 33 A15 --- Name Source name
35- 35 A1 --- l_F1.3mmP Limit flag on F1.3mmP
37- 41 F5.2 mJy F1.3mmP [0.15/53.0] Peak 1.3mm flux
43- 46 F4.2 mJy e_F1.3mmP [0.09/0.74]? Uncertainty in F1.3mmP
48- 52 F5.2 mJy F1.3mmI [0.42/79.0]? Integrated 1.3 mm flux
54- 57 F4.2 mJy e_F1.3mmI [0.1/2.0]? Uncertainty in F1.3mmI
59- 62 F4.2 arcsec BeamX [0.18/0.87]? Beam major axis
64- 67 F4.2 arcsec BeamY [0.13/0.43]? Beam minor axis
69- 74 F6.1 deg PA [-179.0/53.6]? Position Angle
76- 77 I2 h RAh [4]? Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
79- 80 I2 min RAm [14/46]? Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
82- 87 F6.3 s RAs ? Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
89- 93 F5.3 arcsec errRA [0.003/1.1]? Uncertainty in RA
95 A1 --- DE- [+] Sign of Declination (J2000)
96- 97 I2 deg DEd [17/28]? Degree of Declination (J2000)
99-100 I2 arcmin DEm ? Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
102-107 F6.3 arcsec DEs ? Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
109-113 F5.3 arcsec errDE [0.003/1.4]? Uncertainty in DEC
115-118 I4 mas amaj [91/1390]? Deconvolved major axis
120-122 I3 mas e_amaj [12/120]? Uncertainty in amaj
124-126 I3 mas bmin [25/489]? Deconvolved minor axis
128-130 I3 mas e_bmin [2/140]? Uncertainty in bmin
132-132 A1 --- D [* ] Deconvolution flag (1)
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Note (1):
* = The deconvolved sizes given for UX Tau A and CIDA 9 A correspond
to the major and minor axis of the peak flux, which is a ring in both
cases.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 12 A12 --- Name Source name
14- 18 F5.3 arcsec Sep-ALMA [0.12/3.1] ALMA separation
20- 24 F5.3 arcsec e_Sep-ALMA [0.006/1.8] Uncertainty in Sep-ALMA
26- 30 F5.1 deg PA-ALMA [38.5/345.7] ALMA Position angle
32- 35 F4.1 deg e_PA-ALMA [0.5/23.2] Uncertainty in PA-ALMA
37- 41 F5.3 arcsec Sep-Lit [0.1/3.2] Literature separation
43- 47 F5.3 arcsec e_Sep-Lit [0.001/0.1] Uncertainty in Sep-ALMA
49- 53 F5.1 deg PA-Lit [38.9/342.3] Literature position angle
55- 57 F3.1 deg e_PA-Lit [0.2/2.8] Uncertainty in PA-Lit
59- 77 A19 --- BibCode Literature bibcode of the reference
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 17 A17 --- 2MASS 2MASS designation (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
19- 38 A20 --- Name Source name
40- 41 I2 --- Role [-9/4]? Role (1)
43- 43 A1 --- Sample [YN] In sample?
45- 50 F6.3 arcsec binsep [0.1/17.2]? Binary separation
52- 52 I1 --- r_binsep ? Binary separation reference
(see refs.dat file)
54- 54 A1 --- l_F1.3mm Limit on Flux
56- 61 F6.2 mJy F1.3mm [0.16/344.2] Flux at 1.3mm
63- 67 F5.2 mJy e_F1.3mm [0.07/17.8]? Uncertainty in F1.3mm
69- 70 I2 --- r_F1.3mm F1.3mm reference
(see refs.dat file)
72- 80 A9 --- SpT Spectral Type
82- 86 A5 --- r_SpT Spectral Type Reference(s)
(see refs.dat file)
88- 92 F5.2 [Msun] logMstar [-1.77/0.54] Log of stellar mass
94- 97 F4.2 [Msun] e_logMstar [0.01/0.38] Lower uncertainty in logMstar
99-102 F4.2 [Msun] E_logMstar [0.0/0.38] Upper uncertainty in logMstar
104-108 F5.2 [Lsun] logLstar [-2.35/1.72] Log of stellar luminosity
110-113 F4.2 [Lsun] e_logLstar [0.01/0.65] Lower uncertainty in logLstar
115-118 F4.2 [Lsun] E_logLstar [0.01/0.65] Upper uncertainty in logLstar
120-120 A1 --- l_logMdisk Limit flag on logMdisk
122-126 F5.2 [Msun] logMdisk [-4.59/-0.93] Log of disk mass
128-131 F4.2 [Msun] e_logMdisk [0.08/0.27]? Uncertainty in logMdisk
133-138 F6.2 pc Dist [115.12/873.64] Distance
140-145 F6.2 pc e_Dist [0.05/346.2] Uncertainty in Dist
148-148 I1 --- f_Dist [1/8]? Distance flag (2)
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Note (1): Role values as follows:
0 = verified single;
-9 = unknown;
1 = primary;
2 = secondary;
3 = tertiary;
4 = quaternary;
-1 = SB primary;
-2 = SB secondary.
Note (2): Direct Gaia match if no flag; otherwise as follows:
1 = used brightest Gaia source within 8" for companions in multiple systems;
2 = No Gaia distance or high renormalized unit weight error (RUWE), used
weighted mean of Gaia distance stars in our sample within 30';
3 = No Gaia detections within 30' in our sample, used median Class II
sample Gaia distance and standard deviation of 138.8±18.7pc.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Ref Reference code
4- 27 A24 --- Auth First author's name(s)
29- 47 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode of the reference
49- 67 A19 --- Comm Comment
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Akeson & Jensen Paper I. 2014ApJ...784...62A 2014ApJ...784...62A Cat. J/ApJ/784/62
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 05-Aug-2020