J/ApJ/881/79 Flamingos-2 near-infrared photometry in NGC 2244 (Muzic+, 2019)
Looking deep into the Rosette Nebula's heart: the (sub)stellar content of the
massive young cluster NGC 2244.
Muzic+, Muzic K., Scholz A., Pena Ramirez K., Jayawardhana R.,
Schodel R., Geers V.C., Cieza L.A., Bayo A.
<Astrophys. J., 881, 79 (2019)>
=2019ApJ...881...79M 2019ApJ...881...79M
ADC_Keywords: H II regions; Clusters, open; Star Forming Region;
Photometry, infrared; Effective temperatures
Keywords: open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 2244) ;
stars: formation ; stars: luminosity function, mass function ;
stars: pre-main sequence
Abstract:
As part of the ongoing effort to characterize the low-mass
(sub)stellar population in a sample of massive young clusters, we have
targeted the ∼2Myr old cluster NGC2244. The distance to NGC2244 from
Gaia DR2 parallaxes is 1.59kpc, with errors of 1% (statistical) and
11% (systematic). We used the Flamingos-2 near-infrared camera at the
Gemini-South telescope for deep multi- band imaging of the central
portion of the cluster (∼2.4pc2). We determined membership in a
statistical manner, through a comparison of the cluster's
color-magnitude diagram to that of a control field. Masses and
extinctions of the candidate members are then calculated with the help
of evolutionary models, leading to the first initial mass function
(IMF) of the cluster extending into the substellar regime, with the
90% completeness limit around 0.02M☉. The IMF is well represented
by a broken power law (dN/dM∝M-α) with a break at
∼0.4M☉. The slope on the high- mass side (0.4-7M☉) is
α=2.12±0.08, close to the standard Salpeter slope. In the
low-mass range (0.02-0.4M☉), we find a slope
α=1.03±0.02, which is at the high end of the typical values
obtained in nearby star-forming regions (α=0.5-1.0), but still
in agreement within the uncertainties. Our results reveal no clear
evidence for variations in the formation efficiency of brown dwarfs
(BDs) and very low-mass stars due to the presence of OB stars, or for
a change in stellar densities. Our finding rules out photoevaporation
and fragmentation of infalling filaments as substantial pathways for
BD formation.
Description:
Observations of NGC2244 and another field outside the cluster area
(the control field) were performed using the Flamingos-2 (F2) imager
at the Gemini-South telescope, with the program number GS-2015B-Q-46.
The data in J-, H-, and Ks-bands were obtained in queue mode in 2015
November and December. All the observations were taken at
70-percentile conditions for image quality, and 50-percentile cloud
cover.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 66 793 Near-infrared photometry of sources in the NGC 2244
field covered by Flamingos-2 observations
table3.dat 51 119 Member candidates from Gaia DR2 and PS1, along with
the best-fit parameters from the SED
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See also:
B/ocl : Optically visible open clusters and Candidates (Dias+, 2002-2015)
II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)
II/314 : UKIDSS-DR8 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)
II/316 : UKIDSS-DR6 Galactic Plane Survey (Lucas+ 2012)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
J/ApJ/454/151 : OB Associations of the Northern Milky Way (Massey+ 1995)
J/A+A/337/403 : Low-mass stars evolutionary models (Baraffe+ 1998)
J/A+A/358/553 : uvby differential photometry of V578 Mon (Hensberge+, 2000)
J/ApJ/602/816 : Chamaeleon I star-forming region census (Luhman, 2004)
J/A+A/462/L17 : Dense cores in interstellar molecular clouds (Alves+, 2007)
J/ApJ/660/1532 : Spitzer/IRAC-MIPS survey of NGC 2244 (Balog+, 2007)
J/AJ/134/1368 : Proper motions in NGC 2244 and NGC 6530 (Chen+, 2007)
J/ApJS/173/104 : Stellar population in Chamaeleon I (Luhman, 2007)
J/A+A/492/277 : Analysis of Collinder 69 stars with VOSA (Bayo+, 2008)
J/ApJ/675/1319 : Infrared photometry of NGC 3603 (Harayama+, 2008)
J/ApJ/684/654 : Low-mass members of Chamaeleon I (Luhman+, 2008)
J/ApJ/675/464 : Chandra observations of NGC 2244 (Wang+, 2008)
J/ApJ/723/1019 : Galactic SFR and gas surface densities (Heiderman+, 2010)
J/A+A/536/A63 : Collinder 69 very low mass stars & brown dwarfs (Bayo+,2011)
J/ApJ/743/166 : X-ray and infra-red study of RCW 38 (Winston+, 2011)
J/ApJ/748/14 : ONC population data from WFI observations (Da Rio+, 2012)
J/ApJ/754/30 : VISTA IR photometry σOri cluster (Pena Ramirez+, 2012)
J/ApJ/744/6 : SONYC census of very low-mass objects NGC1333 (Scholz+,2012)
J/MNRAS/434/806 : Pre-main-sequence isochrones. II. SFR (Bell+, 2013)
J/A+A/556/A26 : Arches cluster: IR phot., extinction & masses (Habibi+,2013)
J/A+A/558/A53 : Milky Way global survey star clusters II. (Kharchenko+,2013)
J/MNRAS/431/3222 : UKIDSS GCS Upper Sco members (Lodieu, 2013)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/ApJ/787/107 : Spatial structure of young stellar clusters. I. (Kuhn+,2014)
J/ApJ/785/159 : SONYC census of substellar objects in Lupus 3 (Muzic+, 2014)
J/ApJ/802/60 : Structure of young stellar clusters. II. (Kuhn+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/40 : The Spitzer c2d survey of clouds. XII. Perseus (Young+,2015)
J/MNRAS/461/1734 : HAWK-I JHK photometry of Orion Nebula Cloud (Drass+, 2016)
J/ApJ/822/59 : BGPS. XIV. Molecular cloud clumps GBT obs. (Svoboda+, 2016)
J/ApJ/836/34 : 24um excesses clusters & membership of NGC2244 (Meng+, 2017)
J/ApJ/870/32 : Kinematics young star clusters & associations (Kuhn+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- ID [0/792] Source ID
5- 6 I2 h RAh [6] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
8- 9 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
11- 15 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
17 A1 --- DE- [+] Signe of declination (J2000)
18- 19 I2 deg DEd [4] Degree of Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
24- 27 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
29- 34 F6.3 mag Jmag [6.44/23] J-band magnitude (UKIDSS system)
36- 40 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.02/0.31] J-band magnitude uncertainty
42- 47 F6.3 mag Hmag [6.43/22.3] H-band magnitude (UKIDSS system)
49- 53 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.02/0.41] H-band magnitude uncertainty
55- 60 F6.3 mag Kmag [6.43/21.15] K-band magnitude (UKIDSS system)
62- 66 F5.3 mag e_Kmag [0.01/0.4] K-band magnitude uncertainty
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- ID [2/791] Source ID
5- 6 I2 h RAh [6] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
8- 9 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
11- 15 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
17 A1 --- DE- [+] Sign of declination (J2000)
18- 19 I2 deg DEd [4] Degree of Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
24- 27 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
29- 33 I5 K Teff [2800/19500]? Effective temperature
from SED fitting
35- 37 F3.1 mag Av [0/5]? Visual extinction
39- 42 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg [3.5/4.25]? log of surface gravity
44- 51 A8 --- Meth Selection method (1)
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Note (1): Selection method as follows:
Gaia DR2 = selection based on colors, proper motions and parallax
(72 occurrences)
PS1 = selection based only on colors (47 occurrences)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 23-Dec-2020