J/ApJ/893/L27 Earth-sized planet around Kepler-1649 (Vanderburg+, 2020)
A habitable-zone Earth-sized planet rescued from false positive status.
Vanderburg A., Rowden P., Bryson S., Coughlin J., Batalha N., Collins K.A.,
Latham D.W., Mullally S.E., Colon K.D., Henze C., Huang C.X., Quinn S.N.
<Astrophys. J., 893, L27 (2020)>
=2020ApJ...893L..27V 2020ApJ...893L..27V
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Stars, double and multiple; Photometry; Optical
Keywords: Exoplanet astronomy ; Habitable planets
Abstract:
We report the discovery of an Earth-sized planet in the habitable zone
of a low-mass star called Kepler-1649. The planet, Kepler-1649c, is
1.06-0.10+0.15 times the size of Earth and transits its
0.1977±0.0051M☉ "mid" M-dwarf host star every 19.5d. It
receives 74%±3% the incident flux of Earth, giving it an equilibrium
temperature of 234±20K and placing it firmly inside the
circumstellar habitable zone. Kepler-1649 also hosts a previously
known inner planet that orbits every 8.7d and is roughly equivalent to
Venus in size and incident flux. Kepler-1649c was originally
classified as a false positive (FP) by the Kepler pipeline, but was
rescued as part of a systematic visual inspection of all automatically
dispositioned Kepler FPs. This discovery highlights the value of human
inspection of planet candidates even as automated techniques improve,
and hints that terrestrial planets around mid to late M-dwarfs may be
more common than those around more massive stars.
Description:
The Kepler space telescope observed Kepler-1649 (KIC 6444896/KOI 3138)
for a total of 756 days between 2010 and 2013 during its primary
mission. Kepler-1649 was observed during Quarters 6-9 (as part of
guest investigator proposal GO20031, PI: Di Stefano) and Quarters
12-17.
Objects:
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RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
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19 30 00.90 +41 49 49.5 Kepler-1649 = KIC 6444896
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
fig1.dat 46 35789 Re-processed Kepler light of Kepler-1649
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See also:
B/vsx : AAVSO International Variable Star Index VSX (Watson+, 2006-2014)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/A+A/529/A75 : Limb-darkening coefficients (Claret+, 2011)
J/PASP/124/1279 : Q3 Kepler's combined photometry (Christiansen+, 2012)
J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)
J/ApJS/210/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. IV. 22 months (Burke+, 2014)
J/ApJ/790/146 : Planets in Kepler's multi systems (Fabrycky+, 2014)
J/ApJ/784/45 : Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. (Rowe+, 2014)
J/ApJ/801/3 : Rotation periods for Q3-Q14 KOIs (Mazeh+, 2015)
J/ApJ/809/8 : Terrestrial planet occurrence rates for KOIs (Burke+, 2015)
J/ApJ/807/45 : Habitable planets around M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)
J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)
J/ApJ/812/46 : Transit metric for Q1-Q17 Kepler candidates (Thompson+, 2015)
J/ApJ/814/91 : Comparative habitability of exoplanets (Barnes+, 2015)
J/ApJ/814/130 : Planet occurrence rates calculated for KOIs (Mulders+, 2015)
J/ApJS/224/12 : Kepler planetary candidates. VII. 48-month (Coughlin+, 2016)
J/ApJ/822/86 : False positive prob. for Q1-Q17 DR24 KOIs (Morton+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/158 : Final Kepler transiting planet search (DR25) (Twicken+, 2016)
J/ApJS/222/14 : Planetary cand. from 1st yr K2 mission (Vanderburg+, 2016)
J/AJ/153/71 : Kepler follow-up obs. program. I. Imaging (Furlan+, 2017)
J/ApJS/229/30 : Revised properties of Q1-17 Kepler targets (Mathur+, 2017)
J/ApJ/861/149 : Kepler Follow-up Observation Program. II. Sp. (Furlan+, 2018)
J/ApJ/866/99 : Radii of KIC stars & planets using Gaia DR2 (Berger+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/265 : Solar neighborhood. XLIV. RECONS discoveries (Henry+, 2018)
J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler cand. VIII. DR25 reliability (Thompson+, 2018)
J/AJ/157/143 : Kepler GK dwarf planet candidate samples (Burke+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/171 : Visual analysis and demographics of Kepler TTVs (Kane+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/75 : Mid-type M dwarfs planets (Hardegree-Ullman+, 2019)
J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. Nearby bin. (Mann+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/25 : Automated triage and vetting of TESS candidates (Yu+, 2019)
J/A+A/627/A49 : Teegarden's Star RV and Hα curves (Zechmeister+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 F10.5 d BJD Barycentric Julian Date of observation;
BJD-2454833
12- 21 F10.8 --- Flux [0.9649/1.0456] Relative brightness
23- 35 F13.11 --- e_Flux [0.0007/0.0013] Uncertainty in Flux
37- 46 F10.8 --- Spline [0/1.043] Flattening spline
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 09-Sep-2021