J/ApJ/912/91 A value-added catalog for SDSS DR16 quasars at z<0.7 (Toba+, 2021)
How does the polar dust affect the correlation between dust covering factor and
Eddington ratio in type 1 quasars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Data Release 16?
Toba Y., Ueda Y., Gandhi P., Ricci C., Burgarella D., Buat V., Nagao T.,
Oyabu S., Matsuhara H., Hsieh B.-C.
<Astrophys. J., 912, 91-91 (2021)>
=2021ApJ...912...91T 2021ApJ...912...91T (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: QSOs; Redshifts; Photometry, SDSS; Photometry, infrared;
Equivalent widths; Black holes
Keywords: Quasars; Supermassive black holes; Catalogs
Abstract:
We revisit the dependence of the covering factor (CF) of dust torus on
physical properties of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) by taking into
account an AGN polar dust emission. The CF is converted from a ratio
of infrared (IR) luminosity contributed from AGN dust torus
(LIRtorus) and AGN bolometric luminosity (Lbol), by assuming a
nonlinear relation between luminosity ratio and intrinsic CF. We
select 37181 type 1 quasars at z<0.7 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Data Release 16 quasar catalog. Their Lbol, black hole mass (MBH),
and Eddington ratio (λEdd) are derived by spectral fitting
with QSFit. We conduct spectral energy distribution decomposition by
using X-CIGALE with a clumpy torus and polar dust model to estimate
LIRtorus without being affected by the contribution of stellar and
AGN polar dust to IR emission. For 5752 quasars whose physical
quantities are securely determined, we perform a correlation analysis
on CF and (i) Lbol, (ii) MBH, and (iii) λEdd. As a
result, anticorrelations for CF-Lbol, CF-MBH, and CF-λEdd
are confirmed. We find that incorporating the AGN polar dust emission
makes those anticorrelations stronger compared to those without
considering it. This indicates that polar dust wind probably driven by
AGN radiative pressure is one of the key components to regulate
obscuring material of AGNs.
Description:
In this work, we focus on spectroscopically confirmed type 1 quasars
whose Lbol, MBH, and λEdd can be securely estimated. We
sampled 37181 quasars from the SDSS DR16Q (v4; see VII/289) and
compiled optical to mid-IR (MIR) photometry from 2MASS, UKIDSS and
WISE; see Section 2.2.
To derive IR luminosity contributed only from AGN dust torus
(LIRtorus), we conducted the SED fitting
by considering the energy balance between the UV/optical and IR. We
employed a new version of Code Investigating GALaxy Emission (CIGALE)
so-called X-CIGALE (Yang+ 2020MNRAS.491..740Y 2020MNRAS.491..740Y), see Section 2.3.
In order to derive MBH, Lbol, and λEdd of our quasar
sample, we conducted a spectral fitting to SDSS spectra by using the
Quasar Spectral Fitting package (QSFit v1.3.0;
Calderone+ 2017MNRAS.472.4051C 2017MNRAS.472.4051C). See Section 2.4.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 904 37181 A value-added catalog for SDSS DR16 (see VII/289)
quasars at z<0.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Description of file:
datafile2.fits.gz is the original file in FITS format.
See also:
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
II/363 : The band-merged unWISE Catalog (Schlafly+, 2019)
VII/289 : SDSS quasar catalog, sixteenth data release (DR16Q) (Lyke+, 2020)
J/A+A/417/515 : I Zw 1 unusual emission line spectrum (Veron-Cetty+, 2004)
J/ApJ/663/81 : SED of hard X-ray selected AGN in XMDS (Polletta+, 2007)
J/ApJ/711/284 : Galaxy Zoo: AGN host galaxies (Schawinski+, 2010)
J/ApJ/728/58 : Swift-BAT survey of AGNs (Burlon+, 2011)
J/A+A/545/A141 : UV selected sources in the GOODS-S field (Buat+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/430/3445 : Covering factor of warm dust in quasars (Ma+, 2013)
J/PASJ/65/113 : 0.006≤z≤0.8 IR galaxies with AKARI (Toba+, 2013)
J/ApJ/788/45 : Luminosity and redshift of gal. from WISE/SDSS (Toba+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/449/1422 : 2XMM AGN X-ray and mid-IR luminosities (Mateos+, 2015)
J/A+A/583/A120 : AGN torus models. SED library (Siebenmorgen+, 2015)
J/ApJ/870/31 : BAT AGN sp. survey. XI. IR photometry (Ichikawa+, 2019)
J/A+A/622/A103 : Python Code Investigating GALaxy Emission (Boquien+, 2019)
J/ApJS/243/15 : WERGS. II. SED fitting with opt., IR & radio (Toba+, 2019)
J/ApJS/249/17 : SDSS QSO DR14 spectral properties (Rakshit+, 2020)
http://www.sdss.org/ : SDSS home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 20 A20 --- SpObjID Unique ID in the SDSS DR16 (SPECOBJID)
22- 26 I5 --- Plate ? Spectroscopic plate number
28- 32 I5 --- MJD [55176/58543]? Modified Julian Date
of the spectroscopic observation
34- 37 I4 --- Fiber ? Fiber ID number (FIBERID)
39- 48 F10.6 deg RAdeg SDSS DR16Q right ascension (J2000) (RA)
50- 59 F10.6 deg DEdeg [-10.82/68.53] SDSS DR16Q declination
(J2000) (DEC)
61- 68 F8.6 --- z [0.00095/0.7] SDSS DR16Q redshift
(REDSHIFT)
70- 74 F5.2 --- Chi2 [0.4/39]? Reduced χ2 derived
from QSFit (RECHI2_QSFIT)
76- 87 E12.6 10-7W L3000 [5.6e+35/2.4e+46]? AGN continuum
luminosity at the rest-frame 3000Å
derived from QSFit in erg/s (CONT_L3000)
89- 100 E12.6 10-7W e_L3000 [3.8e+38/6.5e+43]? L3000 uncertainty
(CONTL3000ERR)
102- 108 F7.4 --- Sl3000 [-3.1/1]? AGN continuum slope at the
rest-frame 3000Å derived from
QSFit (SLOPE_3000)
110- 116 F7.4 --- e_Sl3000 [0.002/49.2]? Sl3000 uncertainty
(SLOPE3000ERR)
118- 120 I3 --- q_c3000 [0/116]? Quality flag of continuum at the
rest-frame 3000Å derived from
QSFit (CONT3000QUAL)
122- 133 E12.6 10-7W L5100 [2.9e+35/1.3e+46]? AGN continuum
luminosity at the rest-frame 5100Å
derived from QSFit (CONT_L5100)
135- 146 E12.6 10-7W e_L5100 [7.4e+35/8.6e+43]? L5100 uncertainty
(CONTL5100ERR)
148- 154 F7.4 --- Sl5100 [-3.1/1]? AGN continuum slope at the
rest-frame 5100Å derived from
QSFit (SLOPE_5100)
156- 162 F7.4 --- e_Sl5100 [0.002/49.2]? Sl5100 uncertainty
(SLOPE5100ERR)
164- 166 I3 --- q_c5100 [0/116]? Quality flag of continuum at the
rest-frame 5100Å derived from QSFit
(CONT5100QUAL)
168- 179 E12.6 10-7W LMgII [0/1.8e+44]? Line luminosity of MgII
derived from QSFit (LUM_MGII)
181- 192 E12.6 10-7W e_LMgII [4.9e+39/3.3e+43]? LMgII uncertainty
(LUMMGIIERR)
194- 201 F8.2 km/s FWHMMgII [900/15000]? FWHM of MgII derived from
QSFit (FWHM_MGII)
203- 211 F9.2 km/s e_FWHMMgII [0/400033]? FWHMMgII uncertainty
(FWHMMGIIERR)
213- 218 F6.2 0.1nm EWMgII [0.7/468]? Equivalent width of MgII
derived from QSFit in Å (EW_MGII)
220- 225 F6.2 0.1nm e_EWMgII [0.1/132]? EWMgII uncertainty
(EWMGIIERR)
227- 229 I3 --- q_MgII [0/218]? Quality flag of MgII line
derived from QSFit (MGII_QUAL)
231- 242 E12.6 10-7W LbHb [0/1.6e+44]? Line luminosity of Hβ
(broad component) derived from
QSFit (LUMHBBR)
244- 255 E12.6 10-7W e_LbHb [0/8.6e+42]? LbHb uncertainty
(LUMHBBR_ERR)
257- 268 E12.6 km/s FWHMbHb [900/21007]? FWHM of Hβ (broad
component) derived from QSFit
(FWHMHBBR)
270- 281 E12.6 km/s e_FWHMbHb [0/7.1e+6]? FWHMbHb uncertainty
(FWHMHBBR_ERR)
283- 294 E12.6 0.1nm EWbHb [4.8e-5/339]? Equivalent width of Hβ
(broad component) derived from QSFit
in Å (EWHBBR)
296- 307 E12.6 0.1nm e_EWbHb [0/160]? EWbHb uncertainty (EWHBBR_ERR)
309- 311 I3 --- q_bHb [0/210]? Quality flag of Hβ (broad
component) line derived from QSFit
(HBBRQUAL)
313- 324 E12.6 10-7W LnHb [0/6.5e+43]? Line luminosity of Hβ
(narrow component) derived from QSFit
(LUMHBNA)
326- 337 E12.6 10-7W e_LnHb [0/1.6e+51]? LnHb uncertainty
(LUMHBNA_ERR)
339- 346 F8.3 km/s FWHMnHB [100/1000]? FWHM of Hβ (narrow
component) derived from QSFit
(FWHMHBNA)
348- 359 E12.6 km/s e_FWHMnHB [0/5.1e+8]? FWHMnHB uncertainty
(FWHMHBNA_ERR)
361- 372 E12.6 0.1nm EWnHB [2.5e-5/3822]? Equivalent width of Hβ
(narrow component) derived from QSFit
in Å (EWHBNA)
374- 385 E12.6 0.1nm e_EWnHB [0/6.95e+10]? EWnHB uncertainty
(EWHBNA_ERR)
387- 389 I3 --- q_nHb [0/218]? Quality flag of Hβ (narrow
component) line derived from QSFit
(HBNAQUAL)
391- 402 E12.6 10-7W LnOIII [0/1.2e+44]? Line luminosity of
[OIII]λ5007 (narrow component)
derived from QSFit (LUMOIIINA)
404- 415 E12.6 10-7W e_LnOIII [0/3.9e+48]? LnOIII uncertainty
(LUMOIIINA_ERR)
417- 428 E12.6 km/s FWHMnOIII [100/2000]? FWHM of [OIII]λ5007
(narrow component) derived from QSFit
(FWHMOIIINA)
430- 441 E12.6 km/s e_FWHMnOIII [0/565811]? FWHMnOIII uncertainty
(FWHMOIIINA_ERR)
443- 454 E12.6 0.1nm EWnOIII [1.6e-7/5264]? Equivalent width of
[OIII]λ5007 (narrow component)
derived from QSFit in Å (EWOIIINA)
456- 467 E12.6 0.1nm e_EWnOIII [0/1.8e+8]? EWnOIII uncertainty
(EWOIIINA_ERR)
469- 471 I3 --- q_nOIII [0/217]? Quality flag of
[OIII]λ5007 (narrow component)
line derived from QSFit (OIIINAQUAL)
473- 484 E12.6 10-7W LbOIII [0/5.8e+43]? Line luminosity of
[OIII]λ5007 (blue wing component)
derived from QSFit (LUMOIIIBW)
486- 497 E12.6 10-7W e_LbOIII [0/1.1e+44]? LbOIII uncertainty
(LUMOIIIBW_ERR)
499- 510 E12.6 km/s FWHMbOIII [200/3000]? FWHM of [OIII]λ5007
(blue wing component) derived from QSFit
(FWHMOIIIBW)
512- 523 E12.6 km/s e_FWHMbOIII [0/3.1e+6]? FWHMbOIII uncertainty
(FWHMOIIIBW_ERR)
525- 536 E12.6 km/s VelbOIII [-1000/2559]? Velocity offset of
[OIII]λ5007 (blue wing component)
derived from QSFit (VOFFOIIIBW)
538- 549 E12.6 km/s e_VelbOIII [0/2.7e+16]? VelbOIII uncertainty
(VOFFOIIIBW_ERR)
551- 553 I3 --- q_bOIII [0/218]? Quality flag of
[OIII]λ5007 (blue wing component)
line derived from QSFit (OIIIBWQUAL)
555- 566 E12.6 10-7W LbHa [0/1.7e+44]? Line luminosity of Hα
(broad component) derived from QSFit
(LUMHABR)
568- 579 E12.6 10-7W e_LbHa [0/9.2e+43]? LbHa uncertainty
(LUMHABR_ERR)
581- 592 E12.6 km/s FWHMbHa [900/17264]? FWHM of Hα (broad
component) derived from QSFit
(FWHMHABR)
594- 605 E12.6 km/s e_FWHMbHa [0/5.5e+6]? FWHMbHa uncertainty
(FWHMHABR_ERR)
607- 618 E12.6 0.1nm EWbHa [1.5e-6/1505]? Equivalent width of
Hα (broad component) derived from
QSFit in Å (EWHABR)
620- 631 E12.6 0.1nm e_EWbHa [0/8917]? EWbHa uncertainty (EWHABR_ERR)
633- 635 I3 --- q_bHa [0/210]? Quality flag of Hα (broad
component) line derived from QSFit
(HABRQUAL)
637- 648 E12.6 10-7W LnHa [0/2.2e+44]? Line luminosity of Hα
(narrow component) derived from QSFit
(LUMHANA)
650- 661 E12.6 10-7W e_LnHa [0/1.6e+50]? LnHa uncertainty
(LUMHANA_ERR)
663- 670 F8.3 km/s FWHMnHa [100/1000]? FWHM of Hα (narrow
component) derived from QSFit
(FWHMHANA)
672- 683 E12.6 km/s e_FWHMnHa [0/9e+8]? FWHMnHa uncertainty
(FWHMHANA_ERR)
685- 696 E12.6 0.1nm EWnHa [0.16/17440]? Equivalent width of Hα
(narrow component) derived from QSFit
in Å (EWHANA)
698- 709 E12.6 0.1nm e_EWnHa [0/1.2e+10]? EWnHa uncertainty
(EWHANA_ERR)
711- 713 I3 --- q_nHa [0/218]? Quality flag of Hα (narrow
component) line derived from QSFit
(HANAQUAL)
715- 720 F6.3 Msun logMBH [2.56/10.14]? log of Black hole mass (see
Equation (1)) (LOG_MBH)
722- 730 F9.3 Msun e_logMBH [0.02/22144]? logMBH uncertainty
(LOGMBHERR)
732- 737 F6.3 10-7W logLbol [36.37/47.1]? log of bolometric luminosity
(see Section 2.4) (LOG_LBOL)
739- 747 F9.3 10-7W e_logLbol [0.02/44288]? logLbol uncertainty
(LOGLBOLERR)
749- 754 F6.3 --- logLedd [-6.7/0.3]? Eddington ratio
(LOGLAMBDAEDD)
756- 764 F9.3 --- e_logLedd [0.03/49515]? logLedd uncertainty
(LOGLAMBDAEDD_ERR)
766- 771 F6.3 --- rChi2XC [0/64]? Reduced χ2 derived from
X-CIGALE (RECHI2_XCIGALE)
773- 782 F10.6 --- dBIC [0/339]? BICwopolar-BICwpolar
(DELTA_BIC) (1)
784- 795 E12.6 --- EBV [6e-11/0.4]? Color excess (E(B-V)) derived
from X-CIGALE (EBVSTELLAR)
797- 808 E12.6 --- e_EBV [3.6e-13/0.17]? EBV uncertainty
(EBVSTELLAR_ERR)
810- 815 F6.3 Msun logM [3.18/12.03]? log of stellar mass derived
from X-CIGALE (LOG_M)
817- 821 F5.3 Msun e_logM [0.02/1.5]? logM uncertainty (LOGMERR)
823- 828 F6.3 Msun/yr logSFR [-6.33/2.4]? log of SFR derived from
X-CIGALE (LOG_SFR)
830- 834 F5.3 Msun/yr e_logSFR [0.02/1.7]? logSFR uncertainty
(LOGSFRERR)
836- 841 F6.3 Lsun logLIR [5.24/13.35]? log of IR luminosity derived
from X-CIGALE (LOG_LIR)
843- 847 F5.3 Lsun e_logLIR [0.02/0.51]? logLIR uncertainty
(LOGLIRERR)
849- 854 F6.3 10-7W logLIRagn [5.15/13.34]? log of IR luminosity
contributed from AGN derived from
X-CIGALE (LOGLIRAGN)
856- 860 F5.3 10-7W e_logLIRagn [0.02/0.51]? logLIRagn uncertainty
(LOGLIRAGN_ERR)
862- 867 F6.3 10-7W logLIRagnP [35.54/46.06]? log of IR luminosity
contributed from AGN polar dust component
(LOGLIRAGN_POLAR)
869- 877 F9.3 10-7W e_logLIRagnP [0.02/13771]? logLIRagnP uncertainty
(LOGLIRAGNPOLARERR)
879- 884 F6.3 10-7W logLIRagnT [37.76/46.41]? log of IR luminosity
contributed from AGN dust torus component
(LOGLIRAGN_TORUS)
886- 890 F5.3 10-7W e_logLIRagnT [0.02/0.8]? logLIRagnT uncertainty
(LOGLIRAGNTORUSERR)
892- 896 F5.3 --- CFagnT [0.19/0.95]? Covering factor of AGN dust
torus (see Equation (2)) (CFAGNTORUS)
898- 902 F5.3 --- e_CFagnT [0.02/2.91]? CFagnT uncertainty
(CFAGNTORUS_ERR)
904 A1 --- Flag [FT] Objects with Flag="T" are used for
a correlation analysis (FLAGCORANA)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): In order to test the requirement to add an AGN polar dust component
to the SED fitting, we calculate the Bayesian information criterion
(BIC; Schwarz 1978AnSta...6..461S 1978AnSta...6..461S) for two fits that are derived with
and without the polar dust component. The BIC is defined as
BIC=x2+kxln(n), where x2 is the nonreduced chi-square, k is the
number of degrees of freedom (dof), and n is the number of photometric
data points used for the fitting. We then compare the results of two
SED fittings without/with the polar dust component by using
ΔBIC=BICwopolar-BICwpolar; see Section 3.1.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 28-Oct-2022