J/ApJ/915/20 Phot. measurements of stars in & near 1E 0102.2-7219 (Li+, 2021)
Searching for surviving companion in the young SMC supernova remnant
1E 0102.2-7219.
Li C.-J., Seitenzahl I.R., Ishioka R., Chu Y.-H., Ruiter A.J., Vogt F.P.A.
<Astrophys. J., 915, 20 (2021)>
=2021ApJ...915...20L 2021ApJ...915...20L
ADC_Keywords: Supernova remnants; Photometry, HST; Optical; Spectral types;
Radial velocities; Magellanic Clouds
Keywords: Type II supernovae ; Supernova remnants ; Small Magellanic Cloud ;
Companion stars ; Magellanic Clouds ; Massive stars
Abstract:
1E 0102.2-7219 (hereafter E0102) is a young supernova remnant (SNR) in
the Small Magellanic Cloud. It contains oxygen-rich SN ejecta, a
possible neutron star (NS), and a small amount of fast-moving H-rich
ejecta material. These properties are also seen in Cas A; it has thus
been suggested that E0102 is also a Type IIb SNR, whose SN
progenitor's hydrogen envelope was stripped off possibly via
interactions with a companion star. To search for a surviving
companion of E0102's SN progenitor, we have used archival Hubble Space
Telescope (HST) continuum images to make photometric measurements of
stars projected in the SNR to construct color-magnitude diagrams and
compare the stars with those expected from surviving companions of
Type IIb SNe. We have also used the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer
observations taken with the Very Large Telescope to perform
spectroscopic analyses of stars and search for peculiar radial
velocities as diagnostics of surviving companions. We further use the
HST and Gaia data to inspect proper motions of stars for complementary
kinetic studies. No plausible companion candidates are found if the SN
explosion site was near the NS, while the B3 V star 34a may be a
plausible companion candidate if the SN explosion site is near the SN
ejecta's expansion center. If the NS is real and associated with
E0102, it needs a ∼1000km/s runaway velocity, which has been observed
in other SNRs and can be acquired from an asymmetric SN explosion or a
kick by the SN explosion of a massive companion.
Description:
We use archival HST narrow-band (e.g., F502N) and continuum-band
(e.g., F475W, F550M, and F775W) images of SNR 1E 0102.2-7219 (E0102)
to investigate the nature of its SN progenitor.
The available HST images are listed in Table 1, where the PI, program
ID, filter, instrument, date, and exposure time of each observation
are given. Three cameras were used in these observations: the
Planetary Camera of Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2/PC), Wide
Field Channel of the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS/WFC), and the
UVIS channel of Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3/UVIS); their pixel sizes are
0.0455", 0.05", and 0.04", respectively.
The VLT MUSE observations of E0102 were obtained in Program 297.D-5058
(PI: F.P.A. Vogt) on 2016 October 7, using the Director Discretionary
Time (DDT) for 9x900s exposures. We use the VLT MUSE data cube to
perform spectroscopic analyses and search for stars with peculiar
radial velocities as diagnostics of surviving companions.
We have also used the VLT MUSE observations in approximate wavelength
ranges of B, V, and I to estimate observed magnitudes and colors of
stars that are saturated in HST images. See Section 2.2.
We have also used Gaia EDR3 proper motions of stars within E0102 to
search for runaway stars as candidates for companion of SN progenitor.
Objects:
------------------------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
------------------------------------------------------------
01 04 01.20 -72 01 52.3 1E 0102.2-7219 = SNR B0102-72.3
------------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 61 9 HST observations
table2.dat 79 12 Stellar parameters of the stars with V<21.5mag
within 9.0" from Vogt+ 2018NatAs...2..465V 2018NatAs...2..465V
explosion center (MUSE data)
table4.dat 88 147 Stars with F550M<26 and within 9" from
Vogt+ 2018NatAs...2..465V 2018NatAs...2..465V explosion center
table5.dat 88 67 Stars with F550M<24 and within 9" from
Banovetz+ 2021ApJ...912...33B 2021ApJ...912...33B explosion center
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
B/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)
II/236 : UBVR CCD survey of the Magellanic clouds (Massey+, 2002)
II/288 : IRSF Magellanic Clouds Point Source Catalog (Kato+ 2007)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
J/ApJS/152/251 : Indo-US library of coude feed stellar sp. (Valdes+, 2004)
J/MNRAS/410/190 : Young runaway stars within 3kpc (Tetzlaff+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/424/1925 : Spectrocopic Binarity of O & B type stars (Chini+, 2012)
J/other/Sci/337.444 : RV curves of Galactic massive O stars (Sana+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/436/774 : Core collapse supernovae (type Ibc) (Eldridge+, 2013)
J/ApJ/780/59 : The Araucaria project: EBs in SMC (Graczyk+, 2014)
J/ApJS/213/34 : Velocities of Cygnus OB2 massive bin. (Kobulnicky+, 2014)
J/ApJS/215/9 : PHAT X. UV-IR photometry of M31 stars (Williams+, 2014)
J/A+A/588/A148 : NGC 6397 stars MUSE spectra (Husser+, 2016)
J/ApJ/816/49 : Spitzer/IRAC obs. of SMC Cepheids (Scowcroft+, 2016)
J/ApJ/886/99 : HST obs. in 3 young LMC SNIa remnants regions (Li+, 2019)
J/A+A/624/A66 : Massive runaway and walkaway stars models (Renzo+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- PI Program Investigator
15- 19 I5 --- PID [6052/13378] Observation program identifier
21- 35 A15 --- Filter Filter
37- 45 A9 --- Inst Instrument
47- 56 A10 "D/M/Y" Date Date of observation (UT)
58- 61 I4 s Exp [1000/2753] Exposure time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 A4 --- ID Internal stellar identifier (1)
6- 8 I3 km/s HRV [140/215] Radial velocity, Vr
10- 11 I2 km/s e_HRV [15/65] HRV uncertainty
13- 17 I5 K Teff [4800/24000] Effective temperature
19- 22 I4 K e_Teff [120/3050] Teff uncertainty
24- 27 F4.2 [Lsun] logLum [0.93/3.21] Log of luminosity
29- 31 F3.1 [cm/s2] logg [2/4.5] Log of surface gravity
33- 36 F4.1 mag Vmag [16.9/18]? V magnitude (spectral)
38- 41 F4.1 mag B-V [-0.2/0.6]? B-V color index (spectral)
43- 46 F4.1 mag V-I [-0.4/1.3]? V-I color index (spectral)
48- 52 A5 --- SpT Spectral type
54- 55 I2 h RAh Hour of right ascension (J2000)
added by CDS -- see Flag
57- 58 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension (J2000)
60- 64 F5.2 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
66 A1 --- DE- Sign of declination (J2000)
added by CDS -- see Flag
67- 68 I2 deg DEd Degree of declination (J2000)
added by CDS -- see Flag
70- 71 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination (J2000)
73- 77 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination (J2000)
79 A1 --- Flag Flag on pos; column added by CDS (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Stars with number <38 are within the 4.5" search radius from the
SN explosion site.
Note (2): Coordinates have been added by CDS from Table 3 if flagged "g" (the
star is detected in Gaia EDR3) or from Table 4.
Note that stars with a letter behind a number are not corresponding to
the numbers given in Table 4. See Figure 3.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Seq [1/147] Internal stellar identifier
5- 6 I2 h RAh [1/1] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
8- 9 I2 min RAm [4/4] Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
11- 15 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
17 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
18- 19 I2 deg DEd [72] Degree of Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm [1/2] Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
30- 34 F5.2 mag F475W [18.8/27.3] HST/WFC F475W band apparent
magnitude
36- 39 F4.2 mag e_F475W [0/0.2] Uncertainty in F475W
41- 45 F5.2 mag F550M [18.8/26.2] HST/WFC F550M band apparent
magnitude
47- 50 F4.2 mag e_F550M [0/0.21] Uncertainty in F550M
52- 56 F5.2 mag F775W [18.9/26] HST/WFC F775W band apparent
magnitude
58- 61 F4.2 mag e_F775W [0/0.13] Uncertainty in F775W
63- 67 F5.2 mag F475W-F550M [-0.3/1.5] The (F475W-F550M) color index
69- 72 F4.2 mag e_F475W-F550M [0/0.27] Uncertainty in F475W-F550M
74- 78 F5.2 mag F550M-F775W [-0.41/1.5] The (F550M-F775W) color index
80- 83 F4.2 mag e_F550M-F775W [0/0.25] Uncertainty in F550M-F775W
85- 88 F4.2 arcsec r [0.75/9] Distance from explosion center
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- Star Banovetz+ 2021ApJ...912...33B 2021ApJ...912...33B
stellar identifier if any
5- 6 I2 h RAh [1] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
8- 9 I2 min RAm [4] Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
11- 15 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
17 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
18- 19 I2 deg DEd [72] Degree of Declination (J2000)
21- 22 I2 arcmin DEm [1/2] Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
30- 34 F5.2 mag F475W [18.8/24.8] HST/WFC F475W band apparent
magnitude
36- 39 F4.2 mag e_F475W [0/0.03] Uncertainty in F475W
41- 45 F5.2 mag F550M [18.8/24.1] HST/WFC F550M band apparent
magnitude
47- 50 F4.2 mag e_F550M [0/0.04] Uncertainty in F550M
52- 56 F5.2 mag F775W [18.5/23.5] HST/WFC F775W band apparent
magnitude
58- 61 F4.2 mag e_F775W [0/0.03] Uncertainty in F775W
63- 67 F5.2 mag F475W-F550M [-0.01/0.75] The (F475W-F550M) color index
69- 72 F4.2 mag e_F475W-F550M [0/0.05] Uncertainty in F475W-F550M
74- 78 F5.2 mag F550M-F775W [-0.05/0.96] The (F550M-F775W) color index
80- 83 F4.2 mag e_F550M-F775W [0/0.05] Uncertainty in F550M-F775W
85- 88 F4.2 arcsec r [1/9] Distance from explosion center
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 14-Dec-2022