J/ApJ/917/23 SPYGLASS. I. Mapping young stellar structures (Kerr+, 2021)
Stars with Photometrically Young Gaia Luminosities Around the Solar System
(SPYGLASS).
I. Mapping young stellar structures and their star formation histories.
Kerr R.M.P., Rizzuto A.C., Kraus A.L., Offner S.S.R.
<Astrophys. J., 917, 23 (2021)>
=2021ApJ...917...23K 2021ApJ...917...23K
ADC_Keywords: Associations, stellar; YSOs; Stars, ages; Photometry; Optical;
Parallaxes, trigonometric; Clusters, open
Keywords: Stellar associations ; Stellar ages ; Star formation ;
Young star clusters ; Young stellar objects ;
Pre-main sequence stars ; OB associations
Abstract:
Young stellar associations hold a star formation record that can
persist for millions of years, revealing the progression of star
formation long after the dispersal of the natal cloud. To identify
nearby young stellar populations that trace this progression, we have
designed a comprehensive framework for the identification of young
stars and use it to identify ∼3x104 candidate young stars within a
distance of 333pc using Gaia DR2. Applying the HDBSCAN
(McInnes+ 2017JOSS....2..205M 2017JOSS....2..205M) clustering algorithm to this sample, we
identify 27 top-level groups, nearly half of which have little to no
presence in previous literature. Ten of these groups have visible
substructure, including notable young associations such as Orion,
Perseus, Taurus, and Sco-Cen. We provide a complete subclustering
analysis of all groups with substructure, using age estimates to
reveal each region's star formation history. The patterns we reveal
include an apparent star formation origin for Sco-Cen along a
semicircular arc, as well as clear evidence for sequential star
formation moving away from that arc with a propagation speed of ∼4km/s
(∼4pc/Myr). We also identify earlier bursts of star formation in
Perseus and Taurus that predate current, kinematically identical
active star-forming events, suggesting that the mechanisms that
collect gas can spark multiple generations of star formation,
punctuated by gas dispersal and cloud regrowth. The large spatial
scales and long temporal scales on which we observe star formation
offer a bridge between the processes within individual molecular
clouds and the broad forces guiding star formation at galactic scales.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 89 30518 *The full catalog of all Gaia objects we identify
with P(Age<50Myr)>0.1
table2.dat 75 94424 *The full catalog of Gaia stars with space-velocity
positions consistent with our photometrically
young populations
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Note on table1.dat and table2.dat: The TLC, excess of mass (EOM), and Leaf
columns mark the top-level, EOM, and leaf clusters, respectively, that
each star is a part of, if any.
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See also:
II/197 : ISM towards IC 348 and Per OB2 (Cernis, 1993)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
V/80 : Low-Mass Stars' Membership in Alpha Persei Cluster (Prosser 1992)
J/A+A/289/101 : Orion OB1 association. I. (Brown+, 1994)
J/A+A/312/439 : New T Tauri stars in Taurus-Auriga (Wichmann+, 1996)
J/A+AS/124/449 : Young stars south of Taurus-Auriga (Magazzu+ 1997)
J/A+A/333/619 : Upper Scorpius OB assoc. Lithium survey (Preibisch+ 1998)
J/AJ/117/354 : OB associations from Hipparcos (de Zeeuw+, 1999)
J/ApJ/540/236 : KH photometry of Orion Nebula Cluster (Hillenbrand+, 2000)
J/AJ/124/1670 : Post-T Tauri Stars in Sco-Cen Association (Mamajek+, 2002)
J/AJ/124/404 : Upper Scorpius OB assoc. Li survey. II. (Preibisch, 2002)
J/A+A/416/125 : RI photometry in alpha Per and Pleiades (Deacon+, 2004)
J/A+A/440/151 : Observations at 850um in Perseus clusters (Hatchell+, 2005)
J/A+A/430/137 : Close visual companions in Scorpius OB2 (Kouwenhoven+, 2005)
J/A+A/453/101 : UBV(RI)c photometry of 4 open clusters (Lyra+, 2006)
J/ApJ/657/884 : Sp. of TTau and Herbig Ae/Be candidates (Lee+, 2007)
J/A+A/490/737 : RVs of 3 RasTyc new triple system (Klutsch+, 2008)
J/ApJ/704/531 : The coevality of young binary systems (Kraus+, 2009)
J/AJ/137/3358 : Speckle interferometry of massive stars (Mason+, 2009)
J/ApJ/697/1103 : Kinematics of Orion Nebula Cluster (Tobin+, 2009)
J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)
J/ApJ/731/8 : Multiple star formation in Taurus-Auriga (Kraus+, 2011)
J/ApJS/196/4 : New young star candidates in Taurus-Auriga (Rebull+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/416/3108 : Membership of Sco OB2 moving group (Rizzuto+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/424/1925 : Spectrocopic Binarity of O and B type stars (Chini+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/64 : Solar neighborhood. XXVIII. Companions (Dieterich+, 2012)
J/ApJ/746/154 : Improved parallaxes for Sco-Cen members (Pecaut+, 2012)
J/other/Sci/337.444 : RV curves of Galactic massive O stars (Sana+, 2012)
J/A+A/551/A46 : Compiled phot. for Cham I & II members (Lopez Marti+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/435/1325 : Membership of the ε Cha association (Murphy+, 2013)
J/A+A/563/A94 : Kinematics of the Gamma Vel cluster (Jeffries+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/146 : Spectroscopy of Tuc-Hor candidate members (Kraus+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/437/1791 : RMS survey: molecular observations (Urquhart+, 2014)
J/AJ/150/95 : Masses and ages of YSOs in Per OB2 (Azimlu+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/454/593 : Young moving groups in solar neighbourhood (Bell+, 2015)
J/A+A/575/A120 : DANCe study of M35 (NGC 2168) (Bouy+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/453/2220 : Sco-Cen members with literature RVs (Murphy+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/448/2737 : New PMS K/M Stars in Upper Scorpius (Rizzuto+, 2015)
J/ApJS/224/2 : K2 EPIC stellar properties for 138600 targets (Huber+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/461/794 : Scorpius-Centaurus K-Type Stars (Pecaut+, 2016)
J/AJ/153/128 : WOCS. LXXV. Hyades&Praesepe lithium data (Cummings+, 2017)
J/ApJ/846/144 : Virial analysis of the dense cores in Orion A (Kirk+, 2017)
J/ApJ/838/150 : The Taurus-Auriga ecosystem. I. (Kraus+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/257 : Comoving stars in Gaia DR1 (Oh+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/69 : ACRONYM II. β Pictoris Moving Group (Shkolnik+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/478/4513 : GALAH Survey DR2 (Buder+, 2018)
J/A+A/618/A59 : Gaia DR2 confirmed new open clusters (Castro-Ginard+, 2018)
J/A+A/612/A96 : Sp. survey of youngest field stars II. (Frasca+, 2018)
J/A+A/616/A10 : 46 open clusters GaiaDR2 HR diag. (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJ/859/33 : GOBELINS. IV. VLBA obs. of Taurus (Galli+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/476/1213 : Ages for stars in 19 clusters (Getman+, 2018)
J/ApJ/868/32 : A large moving group within the LCC (Goldman+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/84 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex. II. (Kounkel+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/477/1993 : NGC 1893 stars LSR velocities (Lim+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/271 : The stellar membership of the Taurus SFR (Luhman, 2018)
J/ApJ/865/73 : GOBELINS. V. Kinematics of Perseus (Ortiz-Leon+, 2018)
J/A+A/620/A172 : Solar neighbourhood young stars 3D mapping (Zari+, 2018)
J/ApJ/858/41 : PS1 proper-motion survey for BDs. I. Taurus (Zhang+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/259 : Robo-AO detected close binaries in Gaia DR2 (Ziegler+, 2018)
J/AJ/157/85 : CIDA Variability Survey of Orion OB1. II. (Briceno+, 2019)
J/A+A/626/A17 : Young pop. in Vela-Puppis region (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2019)
J/A+A/621/A115 : Vela OB2 members (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2019)
J/A+A/623/A112 : The Sco OB2 population from Gaia DR2 data (Damiani+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/54 : New Taurus members from masses (Esplin+, 2019)
J/A+A/630/A137 : Structure and kinematics of the Taurus region (Galli+, 2019)
J/A+A/631/A166 : Members of 5 cluster in Ori OB1a association (Kos+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/122 : Local structure & SFH of the MW (Kounkel+, 2019)
J/A+A/625/A135 : Gal. interstellar dust Gaia-2MASS 3D maps (Lallement+, 2019)
J/ApJS/245/32 : Newly identified star clusters in Gaia DR2 (Liu+, 2019)
J/A+A/628/A66 : alpha Persei, Pleiades and Praesepe clusters (Lodieu+, 2019)
J/A+A/633/A38 : EW of 10 solar-type stars of Praesepe (D'Orazi+, 2020)
J/ApJ/903/96 : MUTA; the µTau Association (Gagne+, 2020)
J/A+A/634/A98 : Corona-Australis DANCe. I. (Galli+, 2020)
J/A+A/637/A43 : Membership in the Cepheus association (Klutsch+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/44 : Upper Scorpius spectroscopy and photometry (Luhman+, 2020)
J/ApJS/254/20 : Stellar groups in Taurus from Gaia DR2 & LAMOST (Liu+, 2021)
J/A+A/645/A94 : NGC 2264 clumps column densities (Nony+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 I5 --- Seq [0/30517] Running index identifier
7- 8 I2 --- TLC [-1/27] Top Level cluster identifier (1)
10- 11 I2 --- EOM [-1/27] Excess of Mass cluster identifier (1)
13- 13 A1 --- Leaf [A-I] Leaf cluster identifier (G1)
15- 33 I19 --- Gaia Gaia DR2 identifier
35- 42 F8.4 deg RAdeg Gaia DR2 Right Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
44- 51 F8.4 deg DEdeg Gaia DR2 Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
53- 58 F6.2 mas plx [3/167.1] Gaia DR2 parallax
60- 63 F4.1 mag Gmag [3.3/19.1] Gaia DR2 G band magnitude
65- 68 F4.1 mag bp-rp [-2.6/5.2] Gaia DR2 (blue-red) passband color index
70- 73 F4.2 --- Prob [0.1/1] Probability that object age<50Myr
75- 78 F4.1 Myr Age [2/50]? Stellar age
80- 84 F5.1 Myr E_Age [0/212]? Upper uncertainty in Age
86- 89 F4.1 Myr e_Age [0.1/24]? Lower uncertainty in Age
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Note (1): Objects with plx/e_plx<25 were not subjected to clustering, and have
a TLC and EOM markers of 0. Objects not assigned to a cluster are
given the marker -1.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 I5 --- Seq [0/94423] ID Running index identifier (1)
7- 8 I2 --- TLC [1/27] Top Level cluster identifier
10- 11 I2 --- EOM [-1/27] Excess of Mass cluster identifier (2)
13 A1 --- Leaf [A-I] Leaf cluster identifier (G1)
15- 33 I19 --- Gaia Gaia DR2 identifier
35- 42 F8.4 deg RAdeg Gaia DR2 Right Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
44- 51 F8.4 deg DEdeg Gaia DR2 Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
53- 58 F6.3 mas plx [3/81] Gaia DR2 parallax
60- 64 F5.2 mag Gmag [3.23/20.52] Gaia DR2 G band magnitude
66- 70 F5.2 mag bp-rp [-0.6/5.3] Gaia DR2 (blue-red) passband color index
72- 75 F4.2 --- Weight [0/1] Weight parameter (3)
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Note (1): Note that in complex environments, extreme outliers may be shared
between two clusters. These cases receive one entry for each
possible solution.
Note (2): Objects not assigned to an EOM cluster are given the marker -1.
Note (3): As described in Section 3.5, which serves as a proxy for closeness
to other members of the top level cluster.
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Left blank if not related to a leaf cluster.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 29-Nov-2022