J/ApJ/923/177 TESS obs. & rotational periods of T Tauri in Orion (Serna+, 2021)
Stellar rotation of T Tauri stars in the Orion star-forming complex.
Serna J., Hernandez J., Kounkel M., Manzo-Martinez E., Roman-Lopes A.,
Roman-Zuniga C.G., Batista M.G., Pinzon G., Calvet N., Briceno C.,
Tapia M., Suarez G., Ramirez K.P., Stassun K. G, Covey K.,
Vargas-Gonzalez J., Fernandez-Trincado J.G.
<Astrophys. J., 923, 177 (2021)>
=2021ApJ...923..177S 2021ApJ...923..177S
ADC_Keywords: Stars, pre-main sequence; YSOs; Star Forming Region;
Photometry; Optical; Rotational velocities; Stars, masses;
Stars, ages; Infrared sources; Equivalent widths;
Models, evolutionary
Keywords: Young stellar objects ; Stellar rotation ; Stellar evolution
Abstract:
We present a large-scale study of stellar rotation for T Tauri stars
in the Orion star-forming complex. We use the projected rotational
velocity (vsin(i)) estimations reported by the APOGEE-2 collaboration
as well as individual masses and ages derived from the position of the
stars in the HR diagram, considering Gaia-EDR3 parallaxes and
photometry plus diverse evolutionary models. We find an empirical
trend for vsin(i) decreasing with age for low-mass stars
(0.4M☉<M*<1.2M☉). Our results support the existence of a
mechanism linking vsin(i) to the presence of accreting protoplanetary
disks, responsible for regulating stellar rotation on timescales of
about 6Myr, which is the timescale in which most of the T Tauri stars
lose their inner disk. Our results provide important constraints to
models of rotation in the early phases of evolution of young stars and
their disks.
Description:
We cross matched the known kinematic members reported by
Kounkel+ (2018, J/AJ/156/84) with the Gaia-EDR3 (I/350) catalog. Our
sample of kinematic members includes stars with APOGEE infrared
spectra (e.g. Cottle+ 2018, J/ApJS/236/27) that fall in the membership
region. See Section 2.1.
Bricerno+ (2019, J/AJ/157/85) reported 2062 T Tauri Stars (TTSs)
observed with a spectral resolution (R∼1000-2000) in optical. Using
the same tools, Hernandez+ (2014, J/ApJ/794/36) and J. Hernandez+ (in
preparation) performed a systematic optical spectroscopic census of
YSOs, reporting 221 TTS in the σ Orionis cluster and 909 TTS in
the ONC (see also Manzo-Martinez+ 2020, J/ApJ/893/56). The middle
panel of Figure 1 shows the spatial distribution of the
spectroscopically confirmed TTS. See Section 2.2.
In this work, we use the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
data to build LCs and measure rotational periods of T Tauri stars. To
date, TESS has covered ∼75% of the sky with at least 27 days of
continuous observation with a cadence of 30 minutes and a pixel size
projected into the sky of 21"x21". We use the high quality and cadence
of TESS photometric data to estimate stellar rotational periods of TTS
in the Orion star-forming complex (OSFC), which is widely covered by
TESS Sectors 5 and 6. See Section 2.4.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------------------
05 35 18 -05 23 OSFC = NAME Orion Complex
----------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 104 2786 The Orion star-forming complex (OSFC) rotational
velocities and rotational periods
table3.dat 117 1888 Masses and ages for kinematic members with
Teff<6500K
table4.dat 94 6950 Rotational velocities and rotational periods for
stars not included as kinematic or spectroscopic
members
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
II/36 : UBV & uvby-beta observations of Orion OB1 Association (Warren+ 1977)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
II/366 : ASAS-SN catalog of variable stars (Jayasinghe+, 2018-2020)
IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)
J/A+A/337/403 : Low-mass stars evolutionary models (Baraffe+ 1998)
J/AJ/117/2941 : Rotation periods of Orion PMS stars (Stassun+, 1999)
J/AJ/121/3160 : JHK photometry near the Trapezium region (Carpenter+, 2001)
J/AJ/121/1676 : ONC low-mass stars photometry (Rebull+, 2001)
J/A+A/396/513 : Stellar Rotation in the Orion Nebula Cluster (Herbst+, 2002)
J/A+A/381/105 : Rotational velocities of A-type stars. I. (Royer+, 2002)
J/AJ/127/2228 : VRI photometry of PMS stars in NGC 2264 OB (Makidon+, 2004)
J/ApJ/601/979 : vsini of Orion low-mass stars (Wolff+, 2004)
J/AJ/129/363 : Spectroscopy in Orion Nebula Cluster (Sicilia-Aguilar+, 2005)
J/ApJ/651/L49 : Upper Sco OB association IRAC observations (Carpenter+, 2006)
J/ApJ/646/297 : Spitzer obs. of pre-main-sequence stars (Rebull+, 2006)
J/ApJ/662/1067 : Sptizer observations of sigma Orionis (Hernandez+, 2007)
J/MNRAS/385/2210 : Spectroscopy around lam Ori and sig Ori (Maxted+, 2008)
J/A+A/488/167 : Low-mass stars in σ Ori and λ Ori (Sacco+, 2008)
J/A+A/508/1313 : Orion pre-main sequence RIJH light curves (Frasca+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/400/603 : New variables in ONC (Parihar+, 2009)
J/ApJS/191/389 : Photometric monitoring in σ Ori cluster (Cody+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/408/475 : HATNet Pleiades Rotation Period Catalogue (Hartman+, 2010)
J/ApJ/733/50 : MIR phot. monitoring of the ONC (Morales-Calderon+, 2011)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/AJ/147/82 : Monitoring of disk-bearing stars in NGC 2264 (Cody+, 2014)
J/ApJ/794/125 : IN-SYNC. I. APOGEE stellar parameters (Cottaar+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/444/1157 : Members of ONC and Tau-Aur (Davies+, 2014)
J/ApJ/794/36 : σ Orionis cluster stellar population (Hernandez+, 2014)
J/A+A/590/A78 : NGC2264 weak-line T Tauri lithium abundances (Bouvier+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/102 : Flux conversion factors for Swift/UVOT filters (Brown+, 2016)
J/AJ/151/144 : ASPCAP weights for APOGEE chemical elements (Garcia+, 2016)
J/A+A/586/A52 : NGC 2264, NGC 2547 and NGC 2516 stellar radii (Jackson+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/198 : Periods of 4-10Myr T Tauri members of Orion OB1 (Karim+, 2016)
J/A+A/586/A96 : Disk-locking PMS evolutionary tracks (Landin+, 2016)
J/ApJ/834/142 : Gould's Belt Distances Survey. II. OMC (Kounkel+, 2017)
J/A+A/597/A63 : Slow-rotator sequence radii (Lanzafame+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/101 : Pleiades members stellar properties (Somers+, 2017)
J/A+A/599/A23 : Accretion-rotation connection in NGC 2264 (Venuti+, 2017)
J/AJ/156/71 : K2 C2: young disk-bearing stars in Sco & Oph (Cody+, 2018)
J/ApJS/236/27 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex (OSFC). I. (Cottle+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/38 : The rotation of M dwarfs observed by APOGEE (Gilhool+, 2018)
J/A+A/619/A106 : 3D shape of Orion A from Gaia DR2 (Grossschedl+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/225 : M dwarf stars rot. broadening measurements (Kesseli+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/84 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex. II. (Kounkel+, 2018)
J/A+A/631/A77 : Low-mass stellar models and isochrones (Amard+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/85 : The CIDA Variability Survey of Orion OB1. II. (Briceno+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/196 : Close companions around young stars (Kounkel+, 2019)
J/ApJ/870/32 : Kinematics in young star clusters & associations (Kuhn+, 2019)
J/AJ/160/44 : Upper Scorpius spectroscopy and photometry (Luhman+, 2020)
J/ApJ/893/56 : T Tauri star IR excesses & Ha EWs (Manzo-Martinez+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/182 : APOGEE Net, YSOs param. through deep learning (Olney+, 2020)
J/ApJS/257/46 : Membership & rot. data for clusters (Godoy-Rivera+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
18- 22 F5.1 km/s vsini1 [0/737]? Projected rotational velocity (G1)
24- 28 F5.1 km/s e_vsini1 [0.1/728]? Uncertainty in vsini1
30- 34 F5.1 km/s vsini2 [11/147]? Projected rotational velocity (G2)
36- 40 F5.1 km/s e_vsini2 [0.6/339.2]? Uncertainty in vsini2
42- 43 I2 --- Bin [-1/3]? Binary status (G3)
45- 45 I1 --- Kin [1]? Kinematic status (1=Kinematic member;
see Section 2.1)
47- 48 A2 --- AClass Accretor Class, W(TTS), C(TTS), and CW(TTS)
50- 55 F6.1 0.1nm EWHa [-264/5.4]? Hα equivalent width; Angstroms
57- 65 I9 --- TIC ? TESS input catalog identifier
67- 71 F5.2 mag Tmag [9.2/16.2]? TESS magnitude
73- 77 F5.2 d Per [0.3/21.6]? TESS Period, Section 2.4.1
79- 82 F4.2 d e_Per [0.01/0.11]? Uncertainty in Per
84- 98 A15 --- LitPer Previously known periods
100-104 A5 --- r_LitPer References for LitPer (G4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
18- 23 F6.1 K Teff [3055/6499] Surface effective temperature
25- 29 F5.1 K e_Teff [14/418] Uncertainty in Teff
31- 35 F5.2 Lsun Lstar [0.07/43] Luminosity, solar units
37- 40 F4.2 Lsun e_Lstar [1/7] Uncertainty in Lstar
42- 46 F5.2 mag Av [0/10.9] Reddening, V-band
48- 51 F4.2 mag e_Av [0.03/1.8] Uncertainty in Av
53- 56 F4.2 Msun Mstar1 [0.14/2.8] Mass from MIST evolutionary models,
Dotter (2016ApJS..222....8D 2016ApJS..222....8D)
58- 61 F4.2 Msun e_Mstar1 [0.01/0.3] Uncertainty in Mstar1
63- 67 F5.2 Myr Age1 [0.13/71.3] Age from MIST evolutionary models,
Dotter (2016ApJS..222....8D 2016ApJS..222....8D)
69- 73 F5.2 Myr e_Age1 [0/92.1] Uncertainty in Age1
75- 78 F4.2 Msun Mstar2 [0.18/3] Mass from PARSEC evolutionary models,
Marigo+ (2017ApJ...835...77M 2017ApJ...835...77M)
80- 83 F4.2 Msun e_Mstar2 [0/0.3] Uncertainty in Mstar2
85- 89 F5.2 Myr Age2 [0.1/84.5] Age from PARSEC evolutionary models,
Marigo+ (2017ApJ...835...77M 2017ApJ...835...77M)
91- 95 F5.2 Myr e_Age2 [0/92.1] Uncertainty in Age2
97- 100 F4.2 Msun Mstar3 [0.15/1.5]? Mass from
Baraffe+ (2015A&A...577A..42B 2015A&A...577A..42B) evolutionary
models
102- 105 F4.2 Msun e_Mstar3 [0/0.2]? Uncertainty in Mstar3
107- 111 F5.2 Myr Age3 [1/81.7]? Age from
Baraffe+ (2015A&A...577A..42B 2015A&A...577A..42B) evolutionary
models
113- 117 F5.2 Myr e_Age3 [0.01/85.2]? Uncertainty in Age3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
18- 23 F6.1 km/s vsini1 [0/1977]? Projected rotational velocity (G1)
25- 29 F5.1 km/s e_vsini1 [0.1/819]? Uncertainty in vsini1
31- 35 F5.1 km/s vsini2 [11.4/104]? Projected rotational velocity (G2)
37- 40 F4.1 km/s e_vsini2 [0.6/18]? Uncertainty in vsini2
42- 43 I2 --- Bin [-1/3]? Binary status (G3)
45- 53 I9 --- TIC ? TESS input catalog identifier
55- 59 F5.2 mag Tmag [8.4/16.5]? TESS magnitude
61- 67 F7.4 d Per [0.45/20.83]? TESS Period, Section 2.4.1
69- 72 F4.2 d e_Per [0.01/0.2]? Uncertainty in Per
74- 88 A15 --- LitPer Previously known periods
90- 94 A5 --- r_LitPer References for LitPer (G4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global notes:
Note (G1): vsini1 from Kounkel+ (2018, J/AJ/156/84 and 2019, J/AJ/157/196)
Note (G2): vsini2 from Fourier Method, Section 2.3.
Note (G3): Binary state from Kounkel+ (2018, J/AJ/156/84 and
2019, J/AJ/157/196). Status as follows:
0 = Undeconvolvable cross-correlation function (CCF);
1 = Only a single component in the CCF;
2 = Multiple components in the CCF;
-1 = Star dominated by starspots or SB2 Uncertain.
Note (G4): References for Known periods from the literature as follows:
1 = Stassun et al. (1999, J/AJ/117/2941);
2 = Rebull (2001, J/AJ/121/1676); Rebull et al. (2006, J/ApJ/646/297);
3 = Carpenter et al. (2001, J/AJ/121/3160 ; J-band);
4 = Herbst et al. (2002, J/A+A/396/513);
5 = Cody & Hillenbrand (2010, J/ApJS/191/389);
6 = Morales-Calderon et al. (2011, J/ApJ/733/50);
7 = Karim et al. (2016, J/AJ/152/198).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 23-May-2023