J/ApJ/935/36 Photometry and spectroscopy of IRAS 18111-2257 (De+, 2022)
SRGA J181414.6-225604: A New Galactic Symbiotic X-Ray Binary Outburst Triggered
by an Intense Mass-loss Episode of a Heavily Obscured Mira Variable.
De K., Mereminskiy I., Soria R., Conroy C., Kara E., Anand S.,
Ashley M.C.B., Boyer M.L., Chakrabarty D., Grefenstette B., Hankins M.J.,
Hillenbrand L.A., Jencson J.E., Karambelkar V., Kasliwal M.M., Lau R.M.,
Lutovinov A., Moore A.M., Ng M., Panagiotou C., Pasham D.R., Semena A.,
Simcoe R., Soon J., Srinivasaragavan G.P., Travouillon T., Yao Y.
<Astrophys. J., 935, 36 (2022)>
=2022ApJ...935...36D 2022ApJ...935...36D
ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources; Photometry, infrared; Spectra, optical;
Spectra, infrared
Keywords: X-ray surveys ; Near infrared astronomy ; Symbiotic binary
stars ; Asymptotic giant branch stars ; Bondi accretion ;
Circumstellar dust
Abstract:
We present the discovery and multiwavelength characterization of
SRGA-J181414.6-225604, a Galactic hard X-ray transient discovered
during the ongoing SRG/ART-XC sky survey. Using data from the Palomar
Gattini-IR survey, we identify a spatially and temporally coincident
variable infrared (IR) source, IRAS-18111-2257, and classify it as a
very-late-type (M7-M8), long-period (1502±24days), and luminous
(MK~-9.9±0.2) O-rich Mira donor star located at a distance of
∼14.6+2.9-2.3kpc. Combining multicolor photometric data over the last
∼25yr, we show that the IR counterpart underwent a recent (starting
∼800days before the X-ray flare) enhanced mass-loss (reaching
∼2.1x10-5M☉ yr-1) episode, resulting in an expanding dust shell
obscuring the underlying star. Multi- epoch follow-up observations
from Swift, NICER, and NuSTAR reveal a ∼200day long X-ray outburst
reaching a peak luminosity of LX∼2.5x1036erg/s, characterized by a
heavily absorbed (NH∼6x1022/cm2) X-ray spectrum consistent with an
optically thick Comptonized plasma. The X-ray spectral and timing
behavior suggest the presence of clumpy wind accretion, together with
a dense ionized nebula overabundant in silicate material surrounding
the compact object. Together, we show that SRGA-J181414.6-225604 is a
new symbiotic X-ray binary in outburst, triggered by an intense
dust-formation episode of a highly evolved donor. Our results offer
the first direct confirmation for the speculated connection between
enhanced late-stage donor mass loss and the active lifetimes of
symbiotic X-ray binaries.
Description:
On UT 2021-04-09, we obtained additional gri follow-up photometry with
the rainbow camera on the Palomar 60 inch telescope. The source was
only detected in the i filter. On UT 2021-07-02, we obtained
multicolor NIR photometry of the source in the J, H, and Ks bands,
using the Wide-field Infrared Camera (WIRC) on the Palomar 200 inch
telescope.
We obtained three epochs of follow-up optical spectroscopy of the
source using the Wide-field Spectrograph (WiFeS) on the Australian
National University (ANU) 2.3m telescope at Siding Spring Observatory
and the Double Spectrograph (DBSP) on the Palomar 200inch telescope
(∼1000).
Objects:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
18 14 14.66 -22 56 04.1 SRGA J181414.6-225604 = SRGA J181414.6-225604
18 14 14.75 -22 56 19.4 IRAS 18111-2257 = 2MASS J18141475-2256195
------------------------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 32 211 Ground-based photometry of IRAS 18111-2257,
the infrared counterpart of SRGA J181414.6-225604
table2.dat 32 47 Multi-epoch photometry of IRAS 18111-2257 from
space-based instruments
fig7.dat 33 14492 The optical spectra of IRAS 18111-2257
fig14.dat 33 81789 NIR spectra of SRGAJ181414.6-225604
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See also:
IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)
II/338 : IRAS PSC/FSC Combined Catalogue (Abrahamyan+ 2015)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
VI/125 : Theoretical spectra of red giants and supergiants (Lancon+, 2007)
J/A+AS/146/407 : Symbiotic stars catalogue (Belczynski+, 2000)
J/A+AS/146/217 : Library Spectra (0.5 to 2.5um) of Cool Stars (Lancon+ 2000)
J/ApJ/597/323 : Cool stars at the Galactic Center (Blum+, 2003)
J/A+A/480/611 : XMM-Newton slew survey catalogue, XMMSL1 (Saxton+, 2008)
J/MNRAS/386/313 : IR observations of Mira variables (Whitelock+, 2008)
J/MNRAS/397/1177 : Swift-XRT observations of GRBs (Evans+, 2009)
J/AcA/59/239 : VI light curves LMC long-period variables (Soszynski+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/400/1413 : Near-IR spectra of extremely red AGB stars (Wright+, 2009)
J/A+A/604/A29 : MC Type II & anomalous Cepheids PL & PR (Groenewegen+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/149 : LMC NIR synoptic survey V. NIR photom of Miras (Yuan+, 2017)
J/A+A/609/A114 : Local Group AGB stars & red supergiants (Groenewegen+, 2018)
J/ApJS/240/21 : Symbiotic stars with 2MASS, WISE & Gaia data (Akras+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/483/5150 : Variables in NGC3109 dwarf irregular galaxy (Menzies+, 2019)
J/ApJ/901/L7 : NIR obs. of Gal. magnetar SGR1935+215 with PGIR (De+, 2020)
J/ApJ/905/58 : Local universe with ZTF I Ca-rich gap transients (De+, 2020)
J/A+A/634/A133 : X-Shooter Spectral Library (XSL). DR2 (Gonneau+, 2020)
J/A+A/636/A48 : VMC Survey. XXXVII. MC AGB stars (Groenewegen+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/501/2790 : Swift Bulge Survey. first X-ray results (Bahramian+, 2021)
J/ApJS/257/23 : Multiwavelength obs. of Miras in the LMC (Iwanek+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/187 : IRTF spectral indices for giant stars (Messineo+, 2021)
J/ApJ/928/L8 : Infrared LC and spectrum of Scutum X-1 system (De+, 2022)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[12].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 F8.2 d MJD Modified Julian Date
10- 10 A1 --- l_mag The 3σ upper confidence limit in mag
12- 16 F5.2 mag mag Apparent magnitude from Instr
18- 21 F4.2 mag e_mag ? The uncertainty in mag
23- 32 A10 --- Instr Instrument/Filter identifier
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig7.dat fig14.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- Date Observation date; YYYY-MM-DD
12- 21 F10.4 0.1nm Wave Wavelength; Angstroms
23- 33 E11.4 cW/m2/nm Flux Flux; erg/s/cm2/Angstrom
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 05-Jun-2024