J/ApJS/193/25 The NAN complex. II. MIPS observations (Rebull+, 2011)
The North American and Pelican nebulae.
II. MIPS observations and analysis.
Rebull L.M., Guieu S., Stauffer J.R., Hillenbrand L.A., Noriega-Crespo A.,
Stapelfeldt K.R., Carey S.J., Carpenter J.M., Cole D.M., Padgett D.L.,
Strom S.E., Wolff S.C.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 193, 25 (2011)>
=2011ApJS..193...25R 2011ApJS..193...25R
ADC_Keywords: YSOs ; Photometry, infrared ; Nebulae ; Cross identifications
Keywords: circumstellar matter - infrared: ISM - infrared: stars - ISM: clouds -
ISM: individual objects (NGC 7000, IC 5070, LDN 935) -
stars: formation - stars: pre-main sequence
Abstract:
We present observations of ∼7deg2 of the North American and Pelican
Nebulae region at 24, 70, and 160um with the Spitzer Space Telescope
Multiband I] ing Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS). We incorporate the
MIPS observations with earlier Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC)
observations, as well as archival near-infrared (IR) and optical data.
We use the MIPS data to identify 1286 young stellar object (YSO)
candidates. IRAC data alone can identify 806 more YSO candidates, for
a total of 2076 YSO candidates. Prior to the Spitzer observations,
there were only ∼200 YSOs known in this region. Three subregions
within the complex are highlighted as clusters: the Gulf of Mexico,
the Pelican, and the Pelican's Hat. The Gulf of Mexico cluster is
subject to the highest extinction (AV at least ∼30) and has the
widest range of infrared colors of the three clusters, including the
largest excesses and by far the most point-source detections at 70um.
Just 3% of the cluster members were previously identified; we have
redefined this cluster as about 10-100 times larger (in projected
area) than was previously realized.
Description:
The MIPS observations of the NAN complex were conducted in two epochs.
The first (and largest) component took place on 2006 June 10-11 and
covered ∼6deg2 in the region of highest extinction (see additional
discussion in Guieu et al., 2009, Cat. J/ApJ/697/787). These
observations were part of Spitzer program id 20015 (PI: L. Rebull).
Additional observations were obtained on 2008 June 24 as part of
program 462 (PI: L. Rebull).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 187 1286 Complete list of YSOs I. Spitzer measurements
table4.dat 82 1286 Complete list of YSOs II. YSO criteria
table8.dat 187 796 IRAC-selected YSOs not recovered by our
MIPS-based search
table9.dat 187 114 Previously suggested YSOs not recovered by our
MIPS or IRAC searches
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See also:
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/196 : Vilnius Photometry in two Nebulae (Straizys et al., 1993)
J/BaltA/18/141 : North America/Pelican red clump giants ugriJHK (Straizys+,
2009)
J/ApJ/697/787 : The NAN complex. I. IRAC observations (Guieu et al., 2009)
J/BaltA/17/1 : Infrared photometry in GL490 star-forming region (Straizys+
2008)
J/BaltA/17/125 : Interstellar reddening in 3 HII regions (Straizys+, 2008)
J/BaltA/15/483 : Vilnius photometry in LDN 935 (Laugalys+, 2006)
J/A+A/419/149 : UBV(I)c photometry of NGC 6996 (Villanova+, 2004)
J/A+AS/104/557 : uvby-beta photometry in star-forming regions (Terranegra+
1994)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[389].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- [RGS2011] Source name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s on J2000)
20- 29 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
31- 39 F9.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
41- 56 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS name (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
58- 80 A23 --- AName Alternate name
82- 93 A12 --- SpType MK spectral type
95-116 A22 --- r_SpType Reference for SpType (1)
118 A1 --- l_[3.6] Limit flag on 3.6]
119-123 F5.2 mag [3.6] ? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6 micron band magnitude
125-128 F4.2 mag e_[3.6] ? Uncertainty in 3.6mag
130 A1 --- l_[4.5] Limit flag on 4.5]
131-135 F5.2 mag [4.5] ? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5 micron band magnitude
137-140 F4.2 mag e_[4.5] ? Uncertainty in 4.5mag
142 A1 --- l_[5.8] Limit flag on 5.8]
143-147 F5.2 mag [5.8] ? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8 micron band magnitude
149-152 F4.2 mag e_[5.8] ? Uncertainty in 5.8mag
154 A1 --- l_[8.0] Limit flag on 8.0]
155-159 F5.2 mag [8.0] ? Spitzer/IRAC 8.0 micron band magnitude
161-164 F4.2 mag e_[8.0] ? Uncertainty in 8.0mag
166 A1 --- l_[24] Limit flag on 24]
167-171 F5.2 mag [24] ? Spitzer/MIPS 24 micron band magnitude
173-176 F4.2 mag e_[24] ? Uncertainty in 24mag
178-182 F5.2 mag [70] ? Spitzer/MIPS 70 micron band magnitude
184-187 F4.2 mag e_[70] ? Uncertainty in 70mag
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Note (1): References as follows:
BallyScoville = 1980ApJ...239..121B 1980ApJ...239..121B
CohenKuhi79 = 1979ApJS...41..743C 1979ApJS...41..743C
Comeron05 = 2005A&A...430..541C 2005A&A...430..541C; <[CP2005] NN> in Simbad
Corbally09 = 2009BaltA..18..111C 2009BaltA..18..111C; <[CSL2009] CSL N> in Simbad
Laugalys02 = 2002BaltA..11..205L 2002BaltA..11..205L
Laugalys06a = 2006BaltA..15..483L 2006BaltA..15..483L (Cat. J/BaltA/15/483;
<[LSV2006] Area II NNN> in Simbad)
Laugalys06b = 2006BaltA..15..327L 2006BaltA..15..327L
MerrillBurwell49 = 1949ApJ...110..387M 1949ApJ...110..387M
Ogura2002 = 2002AJ....123.2597O 2002AJ....123.2597O (Cat. J/AJ/123/2597;
<[OSP2002] BRC 31 NN> in Simbad)
Shevchenko93 = 1993Ap&SS.202..121S 1993Ap&SS.202..121S
SIMBAD = http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/
Straizys08a = 2008BaltA..17....1S 2008BaltA..17....1S (Cat. J/BaltA/17/1)
Straizys08b = 2008BaltA..17..143S 2008BaltA..17..143S; <[SL2008c] NN> in Simbad
Straizys09 = 2009BaltA..18..141S 2009BaltA..18..141S (Cat. J/BaltA/18/141)
Straizys89 = 1989VilOB..83....3S 1989VilOB..83....3S
Straizys93 = 1993BaltA...2..171S 1993BaltA...2..171S (Cat. II/196)
Straizys99 = 1999BaltA...8..355S 1999BaltA...8..355S
Terranegra94 = 1994A&AS..104..557T 1994A&AS..104..557T (Cat. J/A+AS/104/557)
Vill04 = 2004A&A...419..149V 2004A&A...419..149V (Cat. J/A+A/419/149;
<Cl* NGC 6996 VBC NNNN> in Simbad)
Welin73 = 1973A&AS....9..183W 1973A&AS....9..183W
Zdan90 = 1990Ap&SS.173..309Z 1990Ap&SS.173..309Z
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- [RGS2011] Source name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
20- 27 A8 --- Clu Cluster Name (1)
29 A1 --- Q [ABC] YSO quality (A for good confidence)
31- 34 A4 --- cl YSO class (2)
36- 38 A3 --- cr1 [yes/no] Selected from [3.6] vs [3.6]-[24] CMD (3)
40- 42 A3 --- cr2 [yes/no] Not too faint in [3.6] vs [3.6]-[24]
CMD (3)
44- 46 A3 --- cr3 [yes/no] Selected from Ks vs Ks-[24] CMD (3)
48- 50 A3 --- cr4 [yes/no] Detected at 70 microns (3)
52- 54 A3 --- cr5 [yes/no] Found in Guieu et al. 2009
Cat. J/ApJ/697/787 ([GRS2009] in Simbad)
56- 58 A3 --- cr6 [yes/no] Close to the middle of the nebula (3)
60- 62 A3 --- cr7 [yes/no] In a cluster (3)
64- 66 A3 --- cr8 [yes/no] Previously identified YSO (3)
68- 70 A3 --- cr9 [yes/no] Selected from Ic vs. V-Ic CMD (3)
72- 74 A3 --- cr10 [yes/no] Selected from IPHAS r' vs. r'-i' CMD (3)
76- 78 A3 --- cr11 [yes/no] A bright IPHAS Hα source (3)
80- 82 A3 --- cr12 [yes/no] Selected from IPHAS r'-Hα vs
r'-i' diagram (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Clusters as follows:
Pelican = IC 5070. See section 6.3 for further details.
PelHat = Pelican's Hat. North of the Pelican's head, in roughly the same
location as would be found a hat on its head, is a previously
unidentified dark lane at 24um, similar to but much smaller than
the Gulf of Mexico. See section 6.4 for further details.
Gulf = The "Gulf of Mexico" region is the area of highest extinction in
the NAN (The North American (NGC 7000) and Pelican (IC 5070)
Nebulae) complex. See section 6.2 for further details.
Note (2): In the spirit of Wilking et al. (2001ApJ...551..357W 2001ApJ...551..357W), we define the
near- to mid-IR slope of the SED,
α=dlogλFλ/dlogλ, where α>0.3 for a
Class I, 0.3 to -0.3 for a flat-spectrum source, -0.3 to -1.6 for a
Class II, and ←1.6 for a Class III.
Note (3): For each individual criterion, a "yes" means the object met that
given criterion for YSO selection, "no" means it did not, and blank
means that it was unable to be assessed for that criterion.
For example, column S3624 indicates whether each object was selected
as a YSO candidate in the [3.6] vs. [3.6]-[24] diagram ("yes"), or
it was not ("no"), or, it was missing a 3.6 or 24 micron
measurement, and thus could not be assessed in the [3.6] vs.
[3.6]-[24] diagram (blank).
See section 4.2 for further details on each criterion.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Guieu et al. Paper I. 2009ApJ...697..787G 2009ApJ...697..787G Cat. J/ApJ/697/787
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 11-May-2011