J/ApJS/194/12 Trumpler 16 in the CCCP (Wolk+, 2011)
The Chandra Carina Complex Project view of Trumpler 16.
Wolk S.J., Broos P.S., Getman K.V., Feigelson E.D., Preibisch T.,
Townsley L.K., Wang J., Stassun K.G., King R.R., McCaughrean M.J.,
Moffat A.F.J., Zinnecker H.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 194, 12 (2011)>
=2011ApJS..194...12W 2011ApJS..194...12W
ADC_Keywords: Associations, stellar ; X-ray sources ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: ISM: individual objects (Great Nebula in Carina) - open clusters and
associations: individual (Trumpler 16) - stars: pre-main sequence -
X-rays: stars
Abstract:
Trumpler 16 is a well-known rich star cluster containing the eruptive
supergiant η Carinae and located in the Carina star-forming
complex. In the context of the Chandra Carina Complex Project, we
study Trumpler 16 using new and archival X-ray data. A revised X-ray
source list of the Trumpler 16 region contains 1232 X-ray sources
including 1187 likely Carina members. These are matched to 1047
near-infrared counterparts detected by the HAWK-I instrument at the
Very Large Telescope allowing for better selection of cluster members.
The cluster is irregular in shape. Although it is roughly circular,
there is a high degree of sub-clustering, with no noticeable central
concentration and an extension to the southeast. We estimate the total
Trumpler 16 pre-main-sequence population to be >6500 Class II and
Class III X-ray sources. An overall K-excess disk frequency of ∼8.9%
is derived using the X-ray-selected sample, although there is some
variation among the sub-clusters, especially in the southeastern
extension. X-ray emission is detected from 29 high-mass stars with
spectral types between B2 and O3.
Description:
The bulk of the X-ray data discussed here were taken prior to the
CCCP, as part of a guaranteed time program (2006 August 31, PI: S.
Murray, 88.4 ks, ObsID 6402). A comprehensive analysis of those data
was provided by Albacete-Colombo et al. 2008 (AC08,
Cat. J/A+A/490/1055).
In this study, we limit our attention to the Trumpler 16 cluster and
supplement the AC08 data with additional observations that partially
overlap Tr 16 (ObsIDs 9482, 9483, 9488, in 2008 Aug-Sep and 6578 in
2006 Apr, and 4495 in 2004 Sep), which are described and mapped by
Townsley et al. (2011ApJS..194....1T 2011ApJS..194....1T).
We also invoke the new HAWK-I infrared observations (Preibisch et al.
2011, Cat. J/ApJS/194/10) for improved near-infrared counterpart
information.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 70 1232 Basic properties of Chandra ACIS point sources
in the Trumpler 16 region
table2.dat 71 1232 *XPHOT derived properties of Chandra ACIS point
sources in the Trumpler 16 region
table4.dat 94 29 CCCP detected OB stars in the Trumpler 16 region
table5.dat 77 29 IR colors of CCCP detected OB stars in the
Trumpler 16 region
table6.dat 65 21 High-mass stars in the Trumpler 16 region
not detected in X-rays
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Note on table2.dat : XPHOT package is described in Getman et al.
2010ApJ...708.1760G 2010ApJ...708.1760G
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See also:
B/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-)
B/mk : Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2010)
J/ApJS/194/10 : NIR properties of YSO in the CCCP (Preibisch+, 2011)
J/ApJS/194/9 : X-ray star clusters in the Carina complex (Feigelson+, 2011)
J/ApJS/194/4 : A Naive Bayes source classifier for Xray sources (Broos+ 2011)
J/ApJS/194/2 : Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP) catalog (Broos+, 2011)
J/A+A/490/1055 : Tr 16 low-mass stars Chandra survey (Albacete-Colombo+, 2008)
J/ApJ/589/509 : Chandra observations of Trumpler 14 and 16 (Evans+, 2003)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 I5 --- CCCP CCCP X-ray catalog sequence number
7- 24 A18 --- CXOGNC IAU designation (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
26- 35 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
37- 46 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
48- 54 F7.1 ct Cts Net X-ray counts in the full band (0.5-8keV) (1)
56- 60 F5.1 ct e_Cts Gaussian error on Cts
62- 63 A2 --- Class Mutually exclusive classification hypotheses (2)
65- 70 A6 --- subCl Sub-cluster within Trumpler 16 (G1)
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Note (1): Detected in the source extraction aperture.
Note (2): Defined for each source in Broos et al. (2011, Cat. J/ApJS/194/4)
and has the following meaning:
H0 = unclassified;
H1 = source is a foreground main-sequence star;
H2 = source is a young star, assumed to be in the Carina complex;
H3 = source is a Galactic background main-sequence star;
H4 = source is an extragalactic source.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 I5 --- CCCP CCCP X-ray catalog sequence number
7- 24 A18 --- CXOGNC IAU designation (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
26- 29 F4.2 keV Emed ? Median X-ray energy (3)
31- 34 F4.2 keV e_Emed ? Error in Emed(3)
36- 41 F6.2 [mW/m2] logF ? Log of the flux in the full band (0.5-8keV);
erg/cm2/s (3)
43- 48 F6.2 [mW/m2] logFst ? Limit value with statistical error in logF (3)
50- 55 F6.2 [mW/m2] logFsy ? Limit value with systematic error in logF (3)
57- 61 F5.2 [cm2] logNH ? Log of the column density (3)
63- 66 F4.2 [cm2] e_logNH ? Statistical err logNH (3)
68- 71 F4.2 [cm2] sys ? Systematic err logNH (3)
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Note (3): Blanks indicated "NaN" values.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 I5 --- CCCP ?=0 CCCP X-ray catalog sequence number (1)
7- 12 A6 --- subCl Sub-cluster within Trumpler 16 (G1)
14- 15 I2 h RAh Hour of right ascension (J2000)
17- 18 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension (J2000)
20- 24 F5.2 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
26 A1 --- DE- Sign of the declination (J2000)
27- 28 I2 deg DEd Degree of declination (J2000)
30- 31 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination (J2000)
33- 36 F4.1 arcsec DEs Second of declination (J2000)
38- 59 A22 --- Name Simbad name (2)
61- 80 A20 --- SpType MK spectral type (2)
82- 86 F5.2 mag Vmag V-band magnitude (2)
88- 94 F7.1 ct Cts ? X-ray counts in the 0.5-8.0keV band
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Note (1): η Carinae was detected, but not cataloged, by Broos et al.
(2011, Cat. J/ApJS/194/2) due to its high degree of pile-up (saturation
in the ACIS CCD detection) which makes characterization difficult.
Note (2): Adapted from Skiff (2010, Cat. B/mk).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 I5 --- CCCP ?=0 CCCP X-ray catalog sequence number
7- 28 A22 --- Name Simbad name
30- 35 F6.3 mag Jmag ? HAWK-I J-band magnitude
37- 41 F5.3 mag e_Jmag ? Jmag uncertainty
43- 48 F6.3 mag Hmag ? HAWK-I H-band magnitude
50- 54 F5.3 mag e_Hmag ? Hmag uncertainty
56- 61 F6.3 mag Ksmag ? HAWK-I Ks-band magnitude
63- 67 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag ? Ksmag uncertainty
69- 72 F4.2 mag Av(J-K) ? Extinction in J-Ks color index
74- 77 F4.2 mag Av(J-H) ? Extinction in J-H color index
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 h RAh Hour of right ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
13 A1 --- DE- Sign of the declination (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Degree of declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Second of declination (J2000)
25- 46 A22 --- Name Simbad name (1)
48- 52 A5 --- SpType MK spectral type (1)
54- 58 F5.2 mag Vmag V-band magnitude (1)
60- 65 A6 --- subCl Sub-cluster within Trumpler 16 (G1)
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Note (1): Adapted from Skiff (2010, Cat. B/mk).
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Global Notes:
Note (G1): Sub-cluster of Trumpler 16:
C3, C4, C6... = from Feigelson et al., Cat. J/ApJS/194/9,
Matrix = no sub-cluster and not in the Southeastern extension,
SEM = no sub-cluster and in the Southeastern extension.
History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Townsley et al. CCCP introduction 2011ApJS..194....1T 2011ApJS..194....1T
Broos et al. CCCP catalog Cat. J/ApJS/194/2
Getman et al. Contamination in X-ray studies 2011ApJS..194....3G 2011ApJS..194....3G
Broos et al. Source classifier Cat. J/ApJS/194/4
Gagne et al. O and B stars Cat. J/ApJS/194/5
Povich et al. Cand. X-ray emitting OB stars Cat. J/ApJS/194/6
Naze et al. O and B stars X-ray properties Cat. J/ApJS/194/7
Parkin et al. QZ Car (HD 93206) 2011ApJS..194....8P 2011ApJS..194....8P
Feigelson et al. X-ray star clusters Cat. J/ApJS/194/9
Preibisch et al. NIR properties of YSO Cat. J/ApJS/194/10
Wang et al. Trumpler 15 Cat. J/ApJS/194/11
Wolk et al. Trumpler 16 Cat. J/ApJS/194/12
Povich et al. Pan-Carina YSO catalog Cat. J/ApJS/194/14
Evans et al. Companions of B stars in Tr 16 2011ApJS..194...13E 2011ApJS..194...13E
Townsley et al. Diffuse X-ray emission Cat. J/ApJS/194/15
Townsley et al. Comparison of diffuse emission 2011ApJS..194...16T 2011ApJS..194...16T
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 27-May-2011