J/ApJS/207/16 BL Lac candidates for TeV observations (Massaro+, 2013)
BL Lac candidates for TeV observations.
Massaro F., Paggi A., Errando M., D'Abrusco R., Masetti N., Tosti G.,
Funk S.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 207, 16 (2013)>
=2013ApJS..207...16M 2013ApJS..207...16M
ADC_Keywords: BL Lac objects ; Gamma rays ; Photometry, infrared ;
X-ray sources ; Redshifts ; Cross identifications
Keywords: BL Lacertae objects: general - galaxies: active -
radiation mechanisms: non-thermal - X-rays: galaxies
Abstract:
BL Lac objects are the most numerous class of extragalactic
TeV-detected sources. One of the biggest difficulties in investigating
their TeV emission is due to their limited number, since only 47 BL
Lac objects are known to be TeV emitters. In this paper, we propose
new criteria to select TeV BL Lac candidates based on infrared and
X-ray observations. We apply our selection criteria to the BL Lac
objects listed in the ROMA-BZCAT catalog (Cat. J/A+A/495/691), thereby
identifying 41 potential TeV emitters. We then perform a search over a
more extended sample combining the ROSAT bright source catalog
(Cat. IX/10) and the WISE all-sky survey (Cat. II/311), revealing 54
additional candidates for TeV observations. Our investigation also led
to a tentative classification of 16 unidentified X-ray sources as BL
Lac candidates. This analysis provides new interesting BL Lac targets
for future observations with ground-based Cherenkov telescopes.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 115 42 The complete list of TeV-detected BL Lac objects
table3.dat 97 41 *The complete list of TBCs selected from the
ROMA-BZCAT
table4.dat 123 54 *TBCs all-sky selected from the ROSAT-WISE all-sky
surveys
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Note on table3.dat and table4.dat: TBC = TBL candidates. TBL = HBLs detected at
TeV energies. HBL = High-frequency peaked BL Lac object.
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See also:
II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)
VII/269 : SDSS Quasar Catalog, DR9Q (Paris+, 2012)
VIII/90 : The FIRST Survey Catalog, Version 12Feb16 (Becker+ 2012)
VII/259 : 6dF galaxy survey final redshift release (Jones+, 2009)
VIII/81 : Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS V2.1) (Mauch+ 2008)
IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
J/A+A/555/A2 : J-band variability of AGN (Nesci+, 2013)
J/ApJS/206/17 : New gamma-ray blazar candidates in the 3PBC (Maselli+, 2013)
J/ApJS/206/12 : Blazars with γ-ray counterparts. I. (D'Abrusco+, 2013)
J/ApJS/199/31 : Fermi LAT second source catalog (2FGL) (Nolan+, 2012)
J/ApJ/743/171 : The 2LAC catalog (Ackermann+, 2011)
J/ApJ/741/30 : Radio/γ-ray correlation in AGN (Ackermann+, 2011)
J/ApJ/732/116 : IR spectra of γ-ray bright blazars (Malmrose+, 2011)
J/A+A/520/A47 : Blazars in the Swift-BAT hard X-ray sky (Maselli+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/402/2403 : AT20G (Murphy+, 2010)
J/A+A/524/A64 : The 54-month Palermo BAT-survey catalogue (Cusumano+, 2010)
J/ApJ/709/1407 : SED of the Fermi blazars (Li+, 2010)
J/A+A/495/691 : Multifrequency cat. of blazars, Roma-BZCAT (Massaro+, 2009)
J/A+A/436/799 : X- & gamma-ray fluxes of γ-ray-loud blazars (Fan+, 2005)
J/A+A/375/739 : Hard X-ray properties of blazars (Donato+, 2001)
J/A+A/379/755 : Radio data of X- and gamma-ray loud blazars (Venturi+, 2001)
http://tevcat.uchicago.edu/ : TeVCat home page; online Gamma-Ray catalog
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- BZCat ROMA-BZCAT identification (JHHMM+DDMM;
<[MGL2009] BZB JHHMM+DDMM> in Simbad) (G1)
12- 32 A21 --- TeVCat TeVCat name (1)
34- 52 A19 --- WISE WISE name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
54- 58 F5.3 --- z ? ROMA-BZCAT redshift
60 A1 --- u_z [?] Uncertainty flag on z or unknown z
62- 67 F6.2 fW/m2 FX [1.05,324]? ROSAT X-ray flux in the 0.1-2.4keV
energy range in units of 10-12erg/cm2/s
69- 73 F5.3 Crab FTev [0.002,0.64]? Archival TeV flux as reported
on the TeVCat
75- 77 A3 --- 2FGL [Yes/No ] Fermi detection in the 2FGL?
79- 82 F4.2 mag [3.4/4.6] [0.22,1.01] WISE [3.4]-[4.6] color index
84- 87 F4.2 mag e_[3.4/4.6] [0.03,0.05] [3.4/4.6] uncertainty
89- 92 F4.2 mag [4.6/12] [1.23,2.66] WISE [4.6]-[12] color index
94- 97 F4.2 mag e_[4.6/12] [0.02,0.27] [4.6/12] uncertainty
99-104 F6.2 fW/m2 FIR [0.33,126.47] WISE IR flux in the 3.4-12um
energy range in units of 10-12erg/cm2/s
106-109 F4.2 fW/m2 e_FIR [0.05,2.41] FIR uncertainty
111-115 F5.2 --- X/IR [0.01,43.57]? X-ray to IR flux ratio
(ΦXIR) (G2)
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Note (1): The online catalog of TeV-emitting γ-ray sources (TeVCat):
http://tevcat.uchicago.edu/
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [BZB]
5- 14 A10 --- BZCat ROMA-BZCAT name (JHHMM+DDMM;
<[MGL2009] BZB JHHMM+DDMM> in Simbad) (G1)
16 A1 --- f_BZCat [*] Not detected at TeV energies (1)
18- 36 A19 --- WISE WISE name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
38- 42 F5.3 --- z [0.027,0.443]? ROMA-BZCAT redshift
44 A1 --- u_z [?] Uncertainty flag on z or unknown z
46- 50 F5.2 fW/m2 FX [2.69,33.6] ROSAT X-ray flux in the 0.1-2.4keV
energy range (2)
52- 55 F4.2 --- Gamma [1.48,2.39]? 2FGL γ-ray photon index
57- 60 F4.2 mag [3.4/4.6] [0.29,0.86] WISE [3.4]-[4.6] color index
62- 65 F4.2 mag e_[3.4/4.6] [0.03,0.04] [3.4/4.6] uncertainty
67- 70 F4.2 mag [4.6/12] [1.69,2.29] WISE [4.6]-[12] color index
72- 75 F4.2 mag e_[4.6/12] [0.03,0.08] [4.6/12] uncertainty
77- 80 F4.2 fW/m2 FIR [0.92,7.59] WISE IR flux in the 3.4-12um
energy range in units of 10-12erg/cm2/s
82- 85 F4.2 fW/m2 e_FIR [0.04,0.15] FIR uncertainty
87- 91 F5.2 --- X/IR [0.46,24.77] Ratio between FX and FIR (G2)
93- 97 A5 --- Sel [SCTM,- ] Other selection(s)? (3)
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Note (1):
* = Source observed by VERITAS and not detected at TeV energies (Aliu et al.
2012ApJ...759..102A 2012ApJ...759..102A; see also Section 6)
Note (2): ROSAT X-ray flux in the 0.1-2.4keV energy range in units of
10-12erg/cm2/s, corrected for the Galactic absorption (Kalberla
et al. 2005, Cat. VIII/76).
Note (3): We indicate if the source was also selected by different, previous,
analyses performed by reference as follows:
S = Stecker et al. (1996ApJ...473L..75S 1996ApJ...473L..75S),
C = Costamante & Ghisellini (2002A&A...384...56C 2002A&A...384...56C),
T = Tavecchio et al. (2010MNRAS.401.1570T 2010MNRAS.401.1570T), and
M = Massaro et al. (2012ApJ...752...61M 2012ApJ...752...61M)
See Section 4 for more details.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- 1RXS ROSAT name (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
18- 36 A19 --- WISE WISE name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
38- 61 A24 --- OName Other name from literature and NED (NVSS, 6dF
or SUMSS)
63- 66 F4.2 mag [3.4/4.6] [0.31,0.86] WISE [3.4]-[4.6] color index
68- 71 F4.2 mag e_[3.4/4.6] [0.03,0.08] [3.4/4.6] uncertainty
73- 76 F4.2 mag [4.6/12] [1.61,2.32] WISE [4.6]-[12] color index
78- 81 F4.2 mag e_[4.6/12] [0.02,0.08] [4.6/12] uncertainty
83 A1 --- l_[12/22] Limit flag on [12/22]
85- 88 F4.2 mag [12/22] [0.77,2.65] WISE [12]-[22] color index
90- 93 F4.2 mag e_[12/22] [0.02,0.51]? [12/22] uncertainty
95- 99 F5.2 mag Rmag [0,17.55]? USNO-B (Cat. I/284) R-band magnitude
(within 3.3")
101-114 A14 --- Notes Existence of counterparts and notes (1)
116-121 F6.4 --- z [0.0656,0.12]? Redshift
123 A1 --- u_z [?] Uncertainty flag on z or unknown z
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Note (1): Note as follows:
N = NVSS (Condon et al. 1998, Cat. VIII/65),
F = FIRST (Becker et al. 1995, Cat. VIII/90),
S = SUMSS (Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey; Mauch et al. 2003,
Cat. VIII/81),
A = AT20G (Australia Telescope 20GHz Survey; Murphy et al. 2010,
Cat. J/MNRAS/402/2403),
M = 2MASS (Cat. II/246),
s = SDSS dr9 (Paris et al., 2012, Cat. VII/269),
6 = 6dFGS (Jones et al. 2004, 2009, Cat. VII/259)
x = XMM-Newton (Cat. B/xmm) or Chandra (Cat. B/chandra),
X = ROSAT (Voges et al. 1999, Cat. IX/10),
B = Swift -BAT (Cusumano et al., 2010, Cat. J/A+A/524/A64);
f = Fermi (2FGL; Nolan et al. 2012, Cat. J/ApJS/199/31 and 2LAC;
Ackermann et al. 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/743/171);
BL = BL Lac (optical spectra available in Jones et al. 2009, Cat. VII/259);
v = variability in WISE, Cat. II/311, (var_flag > 5 in at least one band);
UNID = ROSAT unidentified X-ray source
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Global notes:
Note (G1): ROMA-BZCAT = Massaro et al. 2009, Cat. J/A+A/495/691,
2010arXiv1006.0922M 2010arXiv1006.0922M, 2011bzc3.book.....M 2011bzc3.book.....M)
Note (G2): For all the TeV BL Lac objects, we computed ΦXIR, defined
as the ratio between the ROSAT X-ray flux FX (0.1-2.4keV) and the
integrated IR flux FIR between 3.4 and 12um, both in units of fm/m2
(10-12erg/cm2/s). See section 2.1 for further explanations.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 03-Sep-2013