J/ApJS/218/26 Parameters of planets orbiting coolest dwarfs (Swift+, 2015)
Characterizing the cool KOIs.
VIII. Parameters of the planets orbiting Kepler's coolest dwarfs.
Swift J.J., Montet B.T., Vanderburg A., Morton T., Muirhead P.S.,
Johnson J.A.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 218, 26 (2015)>
=2015ApJS..218...26S 2015ApJS..218...26S
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Planets
Keywords: methods: statistical; planets and satellites: general;
stars: late-type; stars: low-mass
Abstract:
The coolest dwarf stars targeted by the Kepler Mission constitute a
relatively small but scientifically valuable subset of the Kepler
target stars, and provide a high-fidelity, nearby sample of transiting
planetary systems. Using archival Kepler data spanning the entire
primary mission, we perform a uniform analysis to extract, confirm,
and characterize the transit signals discovered by the Kepler pipeline
toward M-type dwarf stars. We recover all but two of the signals
reported in a recent listing from the Exoplanet Archive resulting in
163 planet candidates associated with a sample of 104 low-mass stars.
We fitted the observed light curves to transit models using a Markov
Chain Monte Carlo method and we have made the posterior samples
publicly available to facilitate further studies. We fitted empirical
transit times to individual transit signals with significantly
non-linear ephemerides for accurate recovery of transit parameters and
precise measuring of transit timing variations. We also provide the
physical parameters for the stellar sample, including new measurements
of stellar rotation, allowing the conversion of transit parameters
into planet radii and orbital parameters.
Description:
Our list of cool planet host stars is drawn from a recent KOI list
available through the Exoplanet Archive (Akeson et al.
2013PASP..125..989A 2013PASP..125..989A, downloaded on 2014 September 18) which included
the planet candidate sample derived from quarters 1 through 12 of the
Kepler Mission.
The final sample we consider for further characterization consists of
163 planet signals toward 104 cool stars observed by Kepler. A
majority of the stars in this sample (74) show single transit signals,
while we find 12 double systems, 10 triple systems, 5 quadruple
systems, and 3 quintuple systems. However, the majority of planet
candidates, 54.6%, are in multi-transiting systems.
We obtained the light curve data through the Barbara A. Mikulski
Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) using Data Release 21 for Quarters
0 through 14 (May 2009 to June 2012), release 20 for Quarter 15, and
releases 22 and 23 for Quarters 16 and 17 (Jan 12, 2013 and Apr 9,
2013), respectively.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 89 163 Transit parameters for long cadence fits
table2.dat 89 79 Transit parameters for short cadence fits
table4.dat 45 163 False positive probability results
table5.dat 98 104 M star Kepler Objects of Interest
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See also:
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
J/ApJS/217/31 : Kepler planetary candidates. VI. 4yr Q1-Q16 (Mullally+, 2015)
J/ApJ/800/85 : Teff, radii and luminosities of cool dwarfs (Newton+, 2015)
J/ApJS/213/5 : Cool KOIs. VI. H- and K- band spectra (Muirhead+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/119 : Sources in the Kepler field of view (Coughlin+, 2014)
J/ApJ/784/45 : Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. (Rowe+, 2014)
J/ApJS/210/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. IV. 22 months (Burke+, 2014)
J/A+A/561/A138 : Transiting planets search Matlab/Octave code (Ofir+, 2014)
J/A+A/557/L10 : Rotation periods of 12000 Kepler stars (Nielsen+, 2013)
J/ApJ/779/188 : Spectra of nearby late K and M Kepler stars (Mann+, 2013)
J/ApJS/208/16 : Kepler transit timing observations. VIII. (Mazeh+, 2013)
J/ApJS/207/35 : Kepler pipeline signal-to-noise studies (Christiansen+, 2013)
J/A+A/555/A58 : New Kepler planetary candidates (Ofir+, 2013)
J/ApJ/770/69 : Kepler planet candidates radii (Petigura+, 2013)
J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)
J/ApJS/204/24 : Kepler planetary candidates. III. (Batalha+, 2013)
J/ApJ/753/90 : Parameters of K5 and later type Kepler stars (Mann+, 2012)
J/ApJ/750/L37 : Stellar parameters of low-mass KOIs (Muirhead+, 2012)
J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)
J/AJ/143/93 : Rotational velocities in early-M stars (Reiners+, 2012)
J/ApJS/197/8 : Kepler's candidate mult. transiting planets (Lissauer+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)
J/ApJ/738/170 : False positive Kepler planet candidates (Morton+, 2011)
J/AJ/123/2806 : Nearby stars in the NLTT catalogue (Reid+, 2002)
http://archive.stsci.edu/kepler : MAST Kepler home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[12].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 F7.2 --- KOI [247.01/5692.01] KOI number
9 A1 --- f_KOI [ab] Note on transit parameters (2)
11- 20 F10.6 d Per [0.4/546.3] Transit period (P)
22- 28 F7.2 s dPer [0/5545] Period deviation (δP)
30- 40 F11.6 d t0 Mid-transit time (t0); BJD-2454833
42- 48 F7.2 s dt0 [1.4/4356] t0 deviation (δt0)
50- 55 F6.3 % Rp/R* [0/33.7] Planetary to stellar radius ratio
57- 62 F6.3 % dRp/R* [0/18] Rp/R* deviation
64- 70 F7.4 h Ttot [0.4/46] Full duration (τtot) (1)
72- 79 F8.3 min dTtot [0.2/1876] Ttot deviation (δτtot)
81- 84 F4.2 --- b [0.2/0.9] Impact parameter (b)
86- 89 F4.2 --- db [0.01/0.4] b deviation (δb)
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Note (1): Duration from the first to the fourth contact point of the transit.
See section 4.1 for the model parameters explanation.
Note (2): the code 'b' is not defined;
a = Transit parameters derived from fits to individual transit times.
Period and mid-transit time values are taken from fits assuming a
linear ephemeris.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 F7.2 --- KOI [247.01/5692.01] KOI number
9- 11 A3 --- f_KOI [ab] Flag(s) on KOI (1)
13- 18 F6.4 --- FPP [0/1] False positive probability (FPP)
20 A1 --- f_FPP [*] *: False positive probabilities larger
than 10% (2)
22- 27 I6 --- P [0/848734] Likelihood of the transiting planet
scenario (3)
29- 33 F5.3 --- fps [0.003/0.3] Specific occurrence assumed in
the calculation (fpl,specific)
35- 44 F10.5 --- fpv [0.0002/1320]? Specific planet occurrence needed
to achieve a threshold FPP of 0.005 (fp,v)
45 A1 --- f_fpv [i] i: Inf
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
a = Source of significant transit timing variation (TTV) signal.
b = Multi-transit candidate system.
Note (2): These values are derived without consideration of the presence of
TTV signals or other transit signals toward the same source.
Note (3): The probability of the transiting planet scenario compared to all
other astrophysical scenarios, P=LTP/LFP
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 I4 --- KOI [247/5692] Kepler Object of Interest number
6- 13 I8 --- KIC [2161536/12352520] KIC number
15 I1 --- Npl [1/5] Number of planet(s)
17- 20 F4.2 Msun M* [0.1/0.8] Stellar mass
22- 25 F4.2 Msun e_M* [0.02/0.2] Negative error on M*
27- 30 F4.2 Msun E_M* [0.02/0.2] Positive error on M*
32- 35 F4.2 Rsun R* [0.1/0.7] Stellar radius
37- 40 F4.2 Rsun e_R* [0.02/0.2] Negative error on R*
42- 45 F4.2 Rsun E_R* [0.02/0.2] Positive error on R*
47- 50 I4 K Teff [3187/4342] Effective temperature
52- 54 I3 K e_Teff [20/530] Negative error on Teff
56- 58 I3 K E_Teff [23/717]? Positive error on Teff
60- 63 F4.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] [0/0.8] Metallicity
65- 68 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Fe/H] [0.1/0.3] Negative error on [Fe/H]
70- 73 F4.2 [Sun] E_[Fe/H] [0.1/0.3] Positive error on [Fe/H]
75 I1 --- Ref [1/2] Reference (unexplained)
77- 80 F4.1 d Prot [9.4/53.6]? Rotational period
82- 86 F5.2 mag Kpmag [12.9/17.5] Kepler magnitude
88- 92 F5.2 mag Jmag [10.2/14.9] J-band magnitude
94- 98 F5.2 mag Ksmag [9.5/13.9] Ks-band magnitude
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Muirhead et al. Paper I 2012ApJ...750L..37M 2012ApJ...750L..37M Cat. J/ApJ/750/L37
Johnson et al. Paper II: KOI-254 2012AJ....143..111J 2012AJ....143..111J
Muirhead et al. Paper III: KOI 961 2012ApJ...747..144M 2012ApJ...747..144M
Swift et al. Paper IV: Kepler-32 2013ApJ...764..105S 2013ApJ...764..105S
Muirhead et al. Paper V: KOI-256 2013ApJ...767..111M 2013ApJ...767..111M
Muirhead et al. Paper VI 2014ApJS..213....5M 2014ApJS..213....5M Cat. J/ApJS/213/5
Montet et al. Paper VII: LHS 6343c 2015ApJ...800..134M 2015ApJ...800..134M
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 25-Aug-2015