J/ApJS/247/28 K2 star parameters from Gaia & LAMOST (Hardegree-Ullman+, 2020)
Scaling K2.
I. Revised parameters for 222088 K2 stars and a K2 planet radius valley
at 1.9R⊕.
Hardegree-Ullman K.K., Zink J.K., Christiansen J.L., Dressing C.D.,
Ciardi D.R., Schlieder J.E.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 247, 28-28 (2020)>
=2020ApJS..247...28H 2020ApJS..247...28H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Cross identifications; Photometry, ugriz; Reddening;
Abundances, [Fe/H]; Stars, masses; Stars, diameters;
Stars, distances; Spectral types; Exoplanets
Keywords: Fundamental parameters of stars; Exoplanet systems; Exoplanets
Abstract:
Previous measurements of stellar properties for K2 stars in the
Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) largely relied on photometry and
proper motion measurements, with some added information from available
spectra and parallaxes. Combining Gaia DR2 distances with
spectroscopic measurements of effective temperatures, surface
gravities, and metallicities from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object
Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) DR5, we computed updated
stellar radii and masses for 26838 K2 stars. For 195250 targets
without a LAMOST spectrum, we derived stellar parameters using random
forest regression on photometric colors trained on the LAMOST sample.
In total, we measured spectral types, effective temperatures, surface
gravities, metallicities, radii, and masses for 222088 A, F, G, K, and
M-type K2 stars. With these new stellar radii, we performed a simple
reanalysis of 299 confirmed and 517 candidate K2 planet radii from
Campaigns 1-13, elucidating a distinct planet radius valley around
1.9R⊕, a feature thus far only conclusively identified with
Kepler planets, and tentatively identified with K2 planets. These
updated stellar parameters are a crucial step in the process toward
computing K2 planet occurrence rates.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 419 244337 K2 stellar parameters
table3.dat 266 816 Refined K2 planet parameters
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See also:
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+, 2003)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van, 2007)
I/322 : UCAC4 Catalogue (Zacharias+, 2012)
III/272 : RAVE 4th data release (Kordopatis+, 2013)
V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam, 2015)
II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers, 2016)
IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)
V/153 : LAMOST DR4 catalogs (Luo+, 2018)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia, 2018)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
V/164 : LAMOST DR5 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)
J/A+AS/141/371 : Low-mass stars isochrones (Girardi+, 2000)
J/AJ/134/2398 : Stellar SEDs in SDSS and 2MASS filters (Covey+, 2007)
J/PASP/121/117 : Fe & Ti abund. of 12 low-metallicity M stars (Woolf+, 2009)
J/other/RAA/11.924 : Atmospheric parameters for 771 stars (Wu+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)
J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)
J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)
J/AJ/145/52 : Abundances of late K & M dwarfs in binary syst. (Mann+, 2013)
J/ApJ/779/188 : Spectra of nearby late K and M Kepler stars (Mann+, 2013)
J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014)
J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)
J/ApJ/807/45 : Potentially habitable planets (Dressing+, 2015)
J/ApJS/220/16 : SpeX NIR survey of 886 nearby M dwarfs (Terrien+, 2015)
J/ApJ/814/130 : Planet occurrence rates calculated for KOIs (Mulders+, 2015)
J/ApJS/224/2 : K2 EPIC stellar properties for 138600 targets (Huber+, 2016)
J/ApJS/226/7 : Planet cand. discovered using K2's 1st yr (Crossfield+, 2016)
J/AJ/153/71 : Kepler follow-up obs. program. I. Imaging (Furlan+, 2017)
J/ApJ/836/167 : K2 planetary syst. around low-mass stars. I. (Dressing+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/212 : Obs. of binary stars at the WIYN telescope (Horch+, 2017)
J/ApJS/230/16 : 05 through L3 empirical SDSS stellar spectra (Kesseli+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/109 : California-Kepler Survey. III. Planet radii (Fulton+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/207 : K2 planetary systems orbiting low-mass stars (Dressing+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/21 : Planet candidates from K2 campaigns 5-8 (Petigura+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/136 : Planets around bright stars in K2 campaigns 0-10 (Mayo+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/18 : APOGEE DR14: companions of evolved stars (Price-Whelan+, 2018)
J/ApJ/866/99 : Radii of KIC stars & planets using Gaia DR2 (Berger+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/254 : CKS. VI. Kepler multis & singles (Weiss+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/264 : CKS. VII. Planet radius gap (Fulton+, 2018)
J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. (Mann+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/216 : Stellar mult. rate of M dwarfs within 25pc (Winters+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/75 : M dwarfs planet occurrence rates (Hardegree-Ullman+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/87 : Cool dwarfs in K2 Campaigns 1-17 (Dressing+, 2019)
J/ApJS/244/11 : Planet candidates and EBs in K2 campaigns 0-8 (Kruse+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/154 : Pap. II. Campaign 5 K2 mission exoplanet cand. (Zink+, 2020)
http://keplerscience.arc.nasa.gov/k2-fields.html : K2 campaign fields & dates
http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/ : NASA exoplanet archive
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 I9 --- EPIC [201048855/251411166] EPIC identifier
11- 12 I2 --- Camp [1/18] K2 Campaigns (1 to 18; from 2014 May to
July 2018)
14- 31 I18 --- PS ? Pan-STARRS objID
33- 51 I19 --- Gaia Gaia DR2 identifier
53- 61 I9 --- LAMOST ? LAMOST ObsID
63- 68 F6.3 mag gmag [8/22] Apparent g band magnitude (1)
70- 74 F5.3 mag e_gmag [0/0.9] Uncertainty in gmag
76- 81 F6.3 mag rmag [7.3/21] Apparent r band magnitude (1)
83- 87 F5.3 mag e_rmag [0/0.9] Uncertainty in rmag
89- 94 F6.3 mag imag [6.4/19.1] Apparent i band magnitude (1)
96-100 F5.3 mag e_imag [0.001/0.9] Uncertainty in imag
102-107 F6.3 mag Jmag [4.3/17.4] 2MASS J band magnitude
109-113 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.01/0.4] Uncertainty in Jmag
115-120 F6.3 mag Hmag [3.4/16.8] 2MASS H band magnitude
122-126 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.005/0.4] Uncertainty in Hmag
128-133 F6.3 mag Ksmag [3.1/16.4] 2MASS Ks band magnitude
135-139 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag [0.01/0.6] Uncertainty in Ksmag
141-146 F6.3 mag Kpmag [7/20] Kepler band magnitude (2)
148-152 F5.3 mag e_Kpmag [0.001/1] Uncertainty in Kpmag
154-161 F8.2 pc Dist [10.6/17713] Gaia DR2 based distance (3)
163-169 F7.2 pc E_Dist [0.01/5686] Upper uncertainty in Dist
171-177 F7.2 pc e_Dist [0.01/4328] Lower uncertainty in Dist
179-184 F6.3 --- Ag [0.001/12.7] Reddening in the g band (4)
186-190 F5.3 --- Ar [0.001/9.3] Reddening in the r band (4)
192-196 F5.3 --- Ai [0.001/7] Reddening in the i band (4)
198-202 F5.3 --- AJ [0/2.5] Reddening in the J band (4)
204-208 F5.3 --- AH [0/1.3] Reddening in the H band (4)
210-214 F5.3 --- AKs [0/0.7] Reddening in the Ks band (4)
216-221 F6.3 mag gMag [-2.5/14.3] Absolute g band magnitude (5)
223-227 F5.3 mag E_gMag [0.005/1.2] Upper uncertainty in gMag
229-233 F5.3 mag e_gMag [0.005/1.2] Lower uncertainty in gMag
235-240 F6.3 mag rMag [-2.4/13.3] Absolute r band magnitude (5)
242-246 F5.3 mag E_rMag [0.006/1.2] Upper uncertainty in rMag
248-252 F5.3 mag e_rMag [0.005/1.2] Lower uncertainty in rMag
254-259 F6.3 mag iMag [-2.9/12.1] Absolute i band magnitude (5)
261-265 F5.3 mag E_iMag [0.005/1.2] Upper uncertainty in iMag
267-271 F5.3 mag e_iMag [0.005/1.2] Lower uncertainty in iMag
273-278 F6.3 mag JMag [-4.6/10.8] Absolute J band magnitude (5)
280-284 F5.3 mag E_JMag [0.01/0.9] Upper uncertainty in JMag
286-290 F5.3 mag e_JMag [0.01/1.1] Lower uncertainty in JMag
292-297 F6.3 mag HMag [-5.4/10.6] Absolute H band magnitude (5)
299-303 F5.3 mag E_HMag [0.01/0.9] Upper uncertainty in HMag
305-309 F5.3 mag e_HMag [0.01/1.2] Lower uncertainty in HMag
311-316 F6.3 mag KsMag [-5.6/10.5] Absolute Ks band magnitude (5)
318-322 F5.3 mag E_KsMag [0.01/0.9] Upper uncertainty in KsMag
324-328 F5.3 mag e_KsMag [0.01/1.1] Lower uncertainty in KsMag
330-334 A5 --- SpT Spectral Type (6)
336-339 I4 K Teff [3130/8498] Effective surface temperature (6)
341-343 I3 K e_Teff [3/596] Uncertainty in Teff
345-349 F5.3 [cm/s2] logg [0.3/5.6] log of surface gravity (6)
351-355 F5.3 [cm/s2] E_logg [0.002/1] Upper uncertainty in logg
357-361 F5.3 [cm/s2] e_logg [0.002/1] Lower uncertainty in logg
363-368 F6.3 [-] [Fe/H] [-2.5/0.7] Metallicity (6)
370-374 F5.3 [-] e_[Fe/H] [0.003/0.6] Uncertainty in [Fe/H]
376-381 F6.3 Rsun Rstar [0.03/77] Stellar radius, solar units (7)
383-388 F6.3 Rsun E_Rstar [0.001/35] Upper uncertainty in Rstar
390-395 F6.3 Rsun e_Rstar [0.001/22] Lower uncertainty in Rstar
397-403 F7.3 Msun Mstar [-0.8/979] Stellar mass, solar units (7)
405-411 F7.3 Msun E_Mstar [0/320] Upper uncertainty in Mstar
413-419 F7.3 Msun e_Mstar [0/233] Lower uncertainty in Mstar
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Note (1): Apparent g, r, and i-band magnitudes are from Pan-STARRS (AB system)
for targets with a Pan-STARRS ID and from UCAC4 or SDSS (AB system)
as reported in the EPIC (Huber+ 2016, J/ApJS/224/2) otherwise.
Note (2): We recomputed the Kepler Kp magnitude for all targets using our
updated g, r, and i-band photometry and the following equations from
Brown+ 2011, J/AJ/142/112
Note (3): Distances to the K2 stars from Bailer-Jones+, 2018, I/347
using the http://gaia-kepler.fun/ cross-match database created by
Megan Bedell.
Note (4): Reddenings from dustmaps, Green et al. (2018MNRAS.478..651G 2018MNRAS.478..651G).
Note (5): Absolute magnitudes were computed using apparent magnitudes (m),
Gaia distances (d), and reddenings (A) reported here using the formula
M=m-5[log(d)-1]-A.
Note (6): Spectral type, Teff, log g, and [Fe/H] for stars with a LAMOST ID
were derived using LAMOST spectra. These parameters for stars without a
LAMOST ID were derived using photometry trained on the spectroscopic
sample.
Note (7): As computed in Section 3.2 from the bolometric luminosity and
effective temperature.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 I9 --- EPIC [201110617/247445728] EPIC ID
11- 22 F12.2 --- ID Planet candidate ID
24- 39 A16 --- Planet Confirmed Planet Name
41- 47 F7.5 --- Rp/R* [0.006/0.8] Ratio, Planet/Star radius
49- 55 F7.5 --- E_Rp/R* [0.0002/0.4] Upper uncertainty in Rp/R*
57- 63 F7.5 --- e_Rp/R* [0.0004/0.2] Lower uncertainty in Rp/R*
65- 75 F11.8 d Per [0.17/80] Period
77- 87 F11.8 d E_Per [6.3e-7/70] Upper uncertainty in Per
89- 99 F11.8 d e_Per [6.3e-7/20] Lower uncertainty in Per
101-101 I1 --- r_Per [1/7] Reference for period and Rp/R* (1)
103-105 A3 --- SpT Spectral Type
107-110 I4 K Teff [3360/8336] Surface effective temperature
112-114 I3 K E_Teff [11/138] Uncertainty in Teff
116-121 F6.3 Rsun Rstar [0.2/60.2] Stellar radius
123-128 F6.3 Rsun E_Rstar [0.008/20.1] Upper uncertainty in Rstar
130-135 F6.3 Rsun e_Rstar [0.008/13.5] Lower uncertainty in Rstar
137-142 F6.3 Msun Mstar [-0.05/16.7] Stellar mass
144-149 F6.3 Msun E_Mstar [0.006/19] Upper uncertainty in Mstar
151-155 F5.3 Msun e_Mstar [0.006/9] Lower uncertainty in Mstar
157-163 F7.3 Lsun Lstar [0.01/833] Stellar luminosity
165-171 F7.3 Lsun E_Lstar [0.002/750] Upper uncertainty in Lstar
173-179 F7.3 Lsun e_Lstar [0.002/485] Lower uncertainty in Lstar
181-188 F8.6 au a [0.005/0.4] Planet, semi-major axis
190-197 F8.6 au E_a [4e-5/0.2] Upper uncertainty in a
199-206 F8.6 au e_a [4.2e-5/0.08] Lower uncertainty in a
208-218 F11.3 Earth Fp [0.7/3593074] Ratio of incident flux relative
to Earth incident flux
220-230 F11.3 Earth E_Fp [0.1/4551392] Upper uncertainty in Fp
232-242 F11.3 Earth e_Fp [0.1/2136602] Lower uncertainty in Fp
244-250 F7.3 Rgeo Rp [0.6/823] Planet radius, Earth units
252-258 F7.3 Rgeo E_Rp [0.04/927] Upper uncertainty in Rp
260-266 F7.3 Rgeo e_Rp [0.06/481] Lower uncertainty in Rp
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Note (1): References for Rp/R* and Period as follows:
1 = Adams et al. (2016AJ....152...47A 2016AJ....152...47A);
2 = Crossfield et al. (2016, J/ApJS/226/7);
3 = Kruse et al. (2019, J/ApJS/244/11);
4 = Mann et al. (2017AJ....153...64M 2017AJ....153...64M);
5 = Mayo et al. (2018, J/AJ/155/136);
6 = Osborn et al. (2016MNRAS.457.2273O 2016MNRAS.457.2273O);
7 = Zink et al. (2019RNAAS...3...43Z 2019RNAAS...3...43Z).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Zink et al. Paper II. 2020AJ....159..154Z 2020AJ....159..154Z Cat. J/AJ/159/154
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 27-May-2020