J/ApJS/255/17 Surface rotation & activity for Kepler stars. II. (Santos+, 2021)
Surface rotation and photometric activity for Kepler targets.
II. G and F main-sequence stars and cool subgiant stars.
Santos A.R.G., Breton S.N., Mathur S., Garcia R.A.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 255, 17-17 (2021)>
=2021ApJS..255...17S 2021ApJS..255...17S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, F-type; Stars, G-type; Stars, masses;
Effective temperatures; Photometry; Optical
Keywords: Stellar rotation; Stellar activity; Starspots; Low mass stars
Catalogs; Photometry; Astronomy data analysis
Abstract:
Dark magnetic spots crossing the stellar disk lead to quasiperiodic
brightness variations, which allow us to constrain stellar surface
rotation and photometric activity. The current work is the second of
this series, where we analyze the Kepler long-cadence data of
132,921 main-sequence F and G stars and late subgiant stars.
Rotation-period candidates are obtained by combining wavelet analysis
with autocorrelation function. Reliable rotation periods are then
selected via a machine-learning (ML) algorithm, automatic selection,
and complementary visual inspection. The ML training data set
comprises 26,521 main-sequence K and M stars from Paper I
(Santos+ 2019, J/ApJS/244/21). To supplement the training, we analyze
in the same way as Paper I, i.e., automatic selection and visual
inspection, 34,100 additional stars. We finally provide rotation
periods Prot and associated photometric activity proxy Sph for
39,592 targets. Hotter stars are generally faster rotators than cooler
stars. For main-sequence G stars, Sph spans a wider range of values
with increasing effective temperature, while F stars tend to have
smaller Sph values in comparison with cooler stars. Overall for
G stars, fast rotators are photometrically more active than slow
rotators, with Sph saturating at short periods. The combined outcome
of the two papers accounts for average Prot and Sph values for
55,232 main-sequence and subgiant FGKM stars (out of 159,442 targets),
with 24,182 new Prot detections in comparison with
McQuillan+ (2014, J/ApJS/211/24). The upper edge of the Prot
distribution is located at longer Prot than found previously.
Description:
In this work, we analyze long-cadence (Δt=29.42minutes) data
obtained by the Kepler main mission.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 119 39591 Stellar properties for stars with successfully
recovered rotation period
table2.dat 91 101538 Stellar properties for stars without
rotation period estimate
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See also:
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/ApJ/733/L9 : Stellar rotation for 71 NGC 6811 members (Meibom+, 2011)
J/ApJ/733/115 : Rotation periods and membership in M34 (Meibom+, 2011)
J/A+A/534/A125 : Variability of A- and F-stars from Kepler (Uytterhoeven+ 2011)
J/A+A/557/L10 : Rotation periods of 12000 Kepler stars (Nielsen+, 2013)
J/ApJ/775/L11 : Stellar rotation periods for KOIs (McQuillan+, 2013)
J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)
J/A+A/572/A34 : Pulsating solar-like stars in Kepler (Garcia+, 2014)
J/AJ/149/68 : A-F type variable stars from Kepler (Bradley+, 2015)
J/AJ/151/68 : Kepler Mission. VII. Eclipsing binaries in DR3 (Kirk+, 2016)
J/ApJ/820/1 : Kepler light curve of the EB star KIC 9532219 (Lee+, 2016)
J/AJ/151/101 : Kepler Mission. VIII. 285 false positives (Abdul-Masih+, 2016)
J/ApJS/229/30 : Revised properties of Q1-17 Kepler targets (Mathur+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/469/3802 : Compact binary systems around Kepler giants (Colman+, 2017)
J/A+A/605/A111 : Surface rotation of Kepler red giant stars (Ceillier+, 2017)
J/ApJ/851/116 : Long-term variability of Kepler sun-like stars (Montet+, 2017)
J/A+A/616/A24 : Rotation in RGBs from Kepler asteroseismology (Gehan+, 2018)
J/A+A/618/A109 : Seismic global parameters of 372 KIC (Mosser+, 2018)
J/ApJ/866/99 : Radii of KIC stars & planets using Gaia DR2 (Berger+, 2018)
J/A+A/621/A21 : Activity of Kepler stars (Reinhold+, 2019)
J/ApJ/871/174 : Kepler rapid rotators and Ks-band excesses (Simonian+, 2019)
J/ApJS/244/21 : Surface rotation of Kepler stars. I. (Santos+, 2019)
J/A+A/635/A43 : Stellar rot. periods from K2 Campaigns 0-18 (Reinhold+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/280 : Gaia-Kepler stellar properties catalog. I. KIC (Berger+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/90 : Stellar parameters for 13196 Kepler dwarfs (Angus+, 2020)
J/other/NatAs/5.707 : Dwarf stars asteroseismic rotation rates (Hall+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 I8 --- KIC [757099/12984183] Kepler Input Catalog ID
10- 15 F6.3 mag Kpmag [6.96/18.83] Kepler magnitude
17- 21 A5 --- Q First and last observed Kepler Quarters
23- 29 F7.1 K Teff [3592/11736] Effective temperature
31- 36 F6.1 K E_Teff [7/3741] Upper uncertainty on Teff
38- 43 F6.1 K e_Teff [5/1707] Lower uncertainty on Teff
45- 49 F5.3 [cm/s2] logg [2.64/4.87] Log surface gravity
51- 55 F5.3 [cm/s2] E_logg [0.003/1] Upper uncertainty on logg
57- 61 F5.3 [cm/s2] e_logg [0.003/1.2] Lower uncertainty on logg
63- 67 F5.3 Msun Mass [0.43/3.13] Mass
69- 73 F5.3 Msun E_Mass [0.001/1.4] Upper uncertainty on Mass
75- 79 F5.3 Msun e_Mass [0.001/1.4] Lower uncertainty on Mass
81- 86 F6.2 d Prot [0.24/187.1] Rotation period
88- 92 F5.2 d E_Prot [0/38.3] Uncertainty on Prot
94-101 F8.1 ppm Sph [-0/106691] Photometric activity proxy
103-109 F7.1 ppm E_Sph [0.9/13476] Uncertainty on Sph
111 I1 --- flag1 [0/1]? CP/CB candidate flag (1)
113 I1 --- flag2 [1/3] Subsample (G1)
115 I1 --- flag3 [0/3]? Binary flag (G2)
117 I1 --- flag4 [0/1]? KOI flag from NASA Exoplanet
Archive (G3)
119 I1 --- flag5 [0/1]? Source for stellar properties (G4)
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
0 = no rotation modulation (6 occurrences)
1 = Type 1 CP/CB (classical pulsator/close-in binary) candidate
(2251 occurrences)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 I8 --- KIC [757076/12984422] Kepler Input Catalog ID
10- 15 F6.3 mag Kpmag [5.86/20.03]? Kepler magnitude
17- 21 A5 --- Q First and last observed Kepler Quarters
23- 29 F7.1 K Teff [3284/11472] Effective temperature
31- 36 F6.1 K E_Teff [7/2148] Upper uncertainty on Teff
38- 43 F6.1 K e_Teff [3/2138] Lower uncertainty on Teff
45- 49 F5.3 [cm/s2] logg [1/5.4] Log surface gravity
51- 55 F5.3 [cm/s2] E_logg [0.002/1.3] Upper uncertainty on logg
57- 61 F5.3 [cm/s2] e_logg [0.001/1.2] Lower uncertainty on logg
63- 67 F5.3 Msun Mass [0.1/4.9] Mass
69- 73 F5.3 Msun E_Mass [0.001/1.2] Upper uncertainty on Mass
75- 79 F5.3 Msun e_Mass [0.002/1.5] Lower uncertainty on Mass
81- 83 A3 --- flag1 No rotation flag(s) (1)
85- 85 I1 --- flag2 [1/3]? Subsample (G1)
87- 87 I1 --- flag3 [0/3]? Binary flag (G2)
89- 89 I1 --- flag4 [0/1]? KOI flag from NASA Exoplanet
Archive (G3)
91- 91 I1 --- flag5 [0/1]? Source for stellar properties (G4)
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Note (1): No rotation flag identifies the target category as follows:
0 = no rotation modulation (17448 occurrences);
1 = possible rotation modulation (7212 occurrences);
2 = red giant (5489 occurrences);
3 = eclipsing binary (1819 occurrences);
4 = confirmed RR Lyrae (19 occurrences);
5 = delta Scuti, gamma Doradus, or Hybrids (678 occurrences)
6 = pollution in PDC-MAP and KEPSEISMIC (1366 occurrences);
7 = pollution in KEPSEISMIC (581 occurrences);
8 = multiple signals (727 occurrences);
9 = Type 2 CP/CB candidates: resemble of contact binary signals
(130 occurrences)
10 = Type 3 CP/CB candidates: δ Scuti and/or γ Doradus candidates
or alternatively polluted by a nearby star of this type
(280 occurrences)
11 = Type 4 CP/CB candidates: resemble of heartbeat star or close binary
with tidally excited oscillations signals (248 occurrences)
2,3 = 196 occurrences
2,4 = 8 occurrences
See Section 2.2.
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Flag as follows:
1 = main-sequence or subgiant solar-like targets in
Mathur+ (2017, J/ApJS/229/30) and Berger+ (2020, J/AJ/159/280);
2 = main-sequence or subgiant solar-like targets only in
Mathur et al. (2017, J/ApJS/229/30);
3 = main-sequence or subgiant solar-like targets only in
Berger et al. (2020, J/AJ/159/280).
Note (G2): Flag as follows:
0 = single stars in Berger+ (2018, J/ApJ/866/99) and/or in
Simonian+ (2019, J/ApJ/871/174);
1 = binary candidates in Berger+ (2018, J/ApJ/866/99);
2 = binary candidates in Simonian+ (2019, J/ApJ/871/174)
3 = binary candidates in Berger+ (2018, J/ApJ/866/99) and in
Simonian+ (2019, J/ApJ/871/174).
Note (G3): Flag as follows:
0 = confirmed;
1 = candidate;
2 = false positive.
Note (G4): Flag as follows:
0 = Berger et al. (2020, J/AJ/159/280);
1 = Mathur et al. (2017, J/ApJS/229/30)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Santos et al. Paper I. 2019ApJS..244...21S 2019ApJS..244...21S Cat. J/ApJS/244/21
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 25-Oct-2021