J/ApJS/260/41 Dust extinction law in nearby galaxies. II. M33 (Wang+, 2022)
Dust extinction law in nearby star-resolved galaxies.
II. M33 traced by supergiants.
Wang Y., Gao J., Ren Yi, Chen B.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 260, 41 (2022)>
=2022ApJS..260...41W 2022ApJS..260...41W
ADC_Keywords: Stars, supergiant; Stars, OB; Spectral types; Galaxies, nearby;
Extinction; Photometry, ugriz; Ultraviolet
Keywords: Interstellar dust ; Interstellar dust extinction ;
Triangulum Galaxy ; OB supergiant stars ; Supergiant stars
Abstract:
The dust extinction curves toward individual sight lines in M33 are
derived for the first time with a sample of reddened O-type and B-type
supergiants obtained from the Local Group Galaxies Survey (LGGS). The
observed photometric data are obtained from the LGGS, PS1 Survey,
UKIRT, PHATTER Survey, Galaxy Evolution Explorer, Swift/UVOT, and
XMM-SUSS. We combine the intrinsic spectral energy distributions
(SEDs) obtained from the ATLAS9 and Tlusty stellar model atmosphere
extinguished by the model extinction curves from the silicate-graphite
dust model to construct model SEDs. The extinction traces are
distributed along the arms in M33, and the derived extinction curves
cover a wide range of shapes (RV∼2-6), indicating the complexity of
the interstellar environment and the inhomogeneous distribution of
interstellar dust in M33. The average extinction curve with RV∼3.39
and dust size distribution dn/da∼a-3.45exp(-a/0.25) is similar to
that of the Milky Way but with a weaker 2175Å bump and a slightly
steeper rise in the far-UV band. The extinction in the V band of M33
is up to 2mag, with a median value of AV∼0.43mag. The multiband
extinction values from the UV to IR bands are also predicted for M33,
which will provide extinction corrections for future works. The method
adopted in this work is also applied to other star-resolved galaxies
(NGC 6822 and WLM), but only a few extinction curves can be derived
because of the limited observations.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 495 126 List of the selected tracers in the sample with
spectral type, fitting parameters, derived E(B-V),
RV and information about observed photometry
adopted in this work
table5.dat 194 126 List of multiband extinction values for
individual tracers
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See also:
B/swift : Swift Master Catalog (HEASARC, 2004-)
B/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)
II/339 : Swift/UVOT Serendipitous Source Catalog (Yershov, 2015)
II/335 : Revised cat. of GALEX UV sources (GUVcat_AIS GR6+7) (Bianchi+ 2017)
II/370 : XMM-OM Serendipitous Source Survey Cat. (XMM-SUSS5.0) (Page+, 2021)
J/AJ/131/2478 : M31 and M33 UBVRI photometry (Massey+, 2006)
J/ApJ/663/320 : IR-through-UV extinction curve (Fitzpatrick+, 2007)
J/AJ/133/2393 : UBVRI phot. in 7 Local Group dwarfs galaxies (Massey+, 2007)
J/ApJ/707/89 : Variation of mid-IR extinction (Gao+, 2009)
J/ApJ/737/73 : Infrared extinction toward the Galactic Centre (Fritz+, 2011)
J/ApJ/733/91 : Diffuse interstellar band equivalent widths (Xiang+, 2011)
J/A+A/545/A141 : UV selected sources in the GOODS-S field (Buat+, 2012)
J/ApJS/215/9 : PHAT X. UV-IR photometry of M31 stars (Williams+, 2014)
J/AJ/152/62 : Revised LGGS UBVRI phot. of M31 and M33 stars (Massey+, 2016)
J/ApJS/241/32 : OB stars from the LAMOST DR5 spectra (Liu+, 2019)
J/ApJS/241/35 : Period-luminosity relations of RSGs in M33 & M31 (Ren+, 2019)
J/ApJ/907/18 : Red Supergiants in M31 and M33. I. (Ren+, 2021)
J/AJ/163/16 : Multiwavelength study in M33 star clusters (Moeller+, 2022)
J/ApJS/253/53 : PHATTER. I. 22 million stars HST obs. in M33 (Williams+, 2021)
J/ApJS/259/12 : Dust extinction law in nearby galaxies. I. M31 (Wang+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- LGGS ID from the LGGS
(JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
21- 30 A10 --- SpType Spectral type
32- 35 F4.2 --- alpha [2.67/5.82] Exponent in dust size
distribution (2)(1)
37- 40 F4.2 --- e_alpha [0.03/2.3] Lower uncertainty,
alpha (2)
42- 45 F4.2 --- E_alpha [0.03/1.5] Upper uncertainty,
alpha (2)
47- 50 F4.2 [K] logTeff [4/4.6] Effective temperature, log
52- 55 F4.2 [K] e_logTeff [0/0.07] Lower uncertainty,
logTeff (2)
57- 60 F4.2 [K] E_logTeff [0/0.07] Upper uncertainty,
logTeff (2)
62- 65 F4.2 [cm.s-2] logg [2.25/3.51] Surface gravity, log
67- 70 F4.2 [cm.s-2] e_logg [0.02/0.2] Lower uncertainty, logg
(2)
72- 75 F4.2 [cm.s-2] E_logg [0.02/0.2] Upper uncertainty, logg
(2)
77- 80 F4.2 mag Av [0.13/2] Extinction in V band
82- 85 F4.2 mag e_Av [0.03/0.2] Lower uncertainty, Av
(2)
87- 90 F4.2 mag E_Av [0.03/0.2] Upper uncertainty, Av
(2)
92- 96 F5.2 nm a [5.78/10.1] Average dust size (G1)
98- 101 F4.2 mag E(B-V) [0.06/0.5] The color excess
103- 106 F4.2 --- Rv [1.87/6.3] The total-to-selective
extinction ratio
108- 109 I2 --- Nbands [5/22] The number of passbands
used in calculation
111- 113 A3 --- pcFlag Flag for the coverage of passbands
adopted in the calculation (G2)
115- 122 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 F(UVW2/XMM) Source flux in XMM/UVW2 filter
124- 131 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 e_F(UVW2/XMM) Error in F (UVW2/UVOT)
133- 140 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 F(UVM2/XMM) Source flux in XMM/UVM2 filter
142- 149 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 e_F(UVM2/XMM) Error in F (UVM2/UVOT)
151- 158 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 F(UVW1/XMM) Source flux in XMM/UVW1 filter
160- 167 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 e_F(UVW1/XMM) Error in F (UVW1/XMM)
169- 174 F6.3 mag F275Wmag [15.75/19.01]? HST/WFC3 F275W band
VEGA magnitude
176- 180 F5.3 mag e_F275Wmag [0.003/0.02]? Error in F275W band
182- 187 F6.3 mag F336Wmag [16.32/18.71]? HST/WFC3 F336W band
VEGA magnitude
189- 193 F5.3 mag e_F336Wmag [0.001/0.006]? Error in F336W band
195- 200 F6.3 mag F475Wmag [17.26/19.57]? HST/ACS F475W band
VEGA magnitude
202- 206 F5.3 mag e_F475Wmag [0.001/0.02]? Error in F475W band
208- 213 F6.3 mag F814Wmag [17.14/19.28]? HST/ACS F814W band
VEGA magnitude
215- 219 F5.3 mag e_F814Wmag [0.001/0.02]? Error in F814W band
221- 226 F6.3 mag F110Wmag [17.2/19.31]? HST/WFC3 F110W band
VEGA magnitude
228- 232 F5.3 mag e_F110Wmag [0.001/0.003]? Error in F110W band
234- 239 F6.3 mag F160Wmag [17.1/19.21]? HST/WFC3 F160W band
VEGA magnitude
241- 245 F5.3 mag e_F160Wmag [0.001/0.003]? Error in F160W band
247- 252 F6.3 mag Jmag [16/19.7]? UKIRT/WFCAM J band
magnitude
254- 258 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.01/0.2]? Error in Jmag
260- 265 F6.3 mag Hmag [15.94/20.83]? UKIRT/WFCAM H band
magnitude
267- 271 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.01/0.4]? Error in Hmag
273- 278 F6.3 mag Kmag [15.9/21.65]? UKIRT/WFCAM K band
magnitude
280- 284 F5.3 mag e_Kmag [0.01/1.1]? Error in Kmag
286- 291 F6.3 mag Vmag [16.48/20.9] LGGS V band magnitude
293- 297 F5.3 mag e_Vmag [0/0.005] Error in Vmag
299- 304 F6.3 mag (B-V) [-0.26/0.35] LGGS B-V color index
306- 310 F5.3 mag e_(B-V) [0.003/0.03] Error in (B-V)
312- 317 F6.3 mag (U-B) [-1.16/0.13] LGGS U-B color index
319- 323 F5.3 mag e_(U-B) [0.003/0.02] Error in (U-B)
325- 330 F6.3 mag (V-R) [-0.091/0.24] LGGS V-R color index
332- 336 F5.3 mag e_(V-R) [0.003/0.02] Error in (V-R)
338- 343 F6.3 mag (R-I) [-0.17/0.33]? LGGS R-I color index
345- 349 F5.3 mag e_(R-I) [0.003/0.02]? Error in (R-I)
351- 356 F6.3 mag gmag [16.9/19.63]? PS1 g band magnitude
358- 362 F5.3 mag e_gmag [0.005/0.08]? Error in gmag
364- 369 F6.3 mag rmag [16.9/19.8]? PS1 r band magnitude
371- 375 F5.3 mag e_rmag [0.005/0.04]? Error in rmag
377- 382 F6.3 mag imag [17/19.91]? PS1 i band magnitude
384- 388 F5.3 mag e_imag [0.003/0.05]? Error in imag
390- 395 F6.3 mag zmag [17.23/20.1]? PS1 z band magnitude
397- 401 F5.3 mag e_zmag [0.006/0.08]? Error in zmag
403- 408 F6.3 mag ymag [17.34/20.1]? PS1 y band magnitude
410- 414 F5.3 mag e_ymag [0.009/0.1]? Error in ymag
416- 423 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 F(UVW2/UVOT) UVOT/UVW2 flux
425- 432 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 e_F(UVW2/UVOT) Error in F (UVW2/UVOT)
434- 441 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 F(UVM2/UVOT) UVOT/UVM2 flux
443- 450 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 e_F(UVM2/UVOT) Error in F (UVM2/UVOT)
452- 459 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 F(UVW1/UVOT) UVOT/UVW1 flux
461- 468 A8 10mW/m2.nm-1 e_F(UVW1/UVOT) Error in F (UVW1/UVOT)
470- 475 F6.3 mJy F(FUV) [17.986/52.368]? GALEX FUV flux
477- 481 F5.3 mJy e_F(FUV) [3.359/6.325]? Error in F (FUV)
483- 489 F7.3 mJy F(NUV) [92.191/125.528]? GALEX NUV flux
491- 495 F5.3 mJy e_F(NUV) [5.413/6.094]? Error in F (NUV)
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Note (1): The dust size distribution can be expressed as follows:
dn/da∼a-αexp(-a/0.25), 0.005<a<5µm, as described in Section 3.
Note (2): The final results and the uncertainties for each parameter are
derived from the 50th, 16th and 84th percentiles of the parameter spaces
from the emcee results.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- LGGS ID from the LGGS (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
21- 34 A14 --- SpType Spectral type
36- 37 I2 h RAh [1] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
39- 40 I2 min RAm [32/35] Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
42- 46 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
48- 48 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
50- 51 I2 deg DEd [30/31] Degree of Declination (J2000)
53- 54 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
56- 59 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
61- 64 F4.2 --- alpha [2.67/5.9] Exponent in dust size distribution
66- 70 F5.2 nm a [5.78/10.07] Average dust size (G1)
72- 75 F4.2 mag E(B-V) [0.06/0.47] The color excess
77- 79 A3 --- pcFlag Flag for the coverage of passbands
adopted in the calculation (G2)
81- 84 F4.2 mag A(V) [0.13/1.9] Extinction in V band
86- 89 F4.2 mag A(UVW2) [0.62/8.94] Extinction in UVW2/UVOT band
91- 94 F4.2 mag A(UVM2) [0.58/8.47] Extinction in UVM2/UVOT band
96- 99 F4.2 mag A(UVW1) [0.37/5.39] Extinction in UVW1/UVOT band
101-104 F4.2 mag A(F275W) [0.36/5.24] Extinction in F275W/PHAT band
106-109 F4.2 mag A(NUV) [0.32/4.7] Extinction in NUV/CSST band
111-114 F4.2 mag A(F336W) [0.26/3.77] Extinction in F336W/PHAT band
116-119 F4.2 mag A(U) [0.24/3.46] Extinction in U band
121-124 F4.2 mag A(B) [0.18/2.58] Extinction in B band
126-129 F4.2 mag A(F475W) [0.16/2.34] Extinction in F475W/PHAT band
131-134 F4.2 mag A(g) [0.16/2.35] Extinction in g/CSST band
136-139 F4.2 mag A(r) [0.11/1.64] Extinction in r/CSST band
141-144 F4.2 mag A(R) [0.1/1.44] Extinction in R band
146-149 F4.2 mag A(i) [0.08/1.2] Extinction in i/CSST band
151-154 F4.2 mag A(F814W) [0.08/1.12] Extinction in F814W/CSST band
156-159 F4.2 mag A(I) [0.07/1.0] Extinction in I band
161-164 F4.2 mag A(z) [0.06/0.91] Extinction in z/CSST band
166-169 F4.2 mag A(y) [0.06/0.8] Extinction in y/CSST band
171-174 F4.2 mag A(F110W) [0.05/0.66] Extinction in F110W/PHAT band
176-179 F4.2 mag A(J) [0.04/0.56] Extinction in J/2MASS band
181-184 F4.2 mag A(F160W) [0.03/0.39] Extinction in F160W/PHAT band
186-189 F4.2 mag A(H) [0.02/0.34] Extinction in H/2MASS band
191-194 F4.2 mag A(K) [0.01/0.22] Extinction in K/2MASS band
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Global notes:
Note (G1): The average dust radius is calculated from the equation (8)
in Nozawa (2016P&SS..133...36N 2016P&SS..133...36N).
Note (G2): This is the flag for the coverage of passbands adopted in calculation
U = UV bands (here refers to the passbands bluer than the U band);
V = Visual band (here refers to the passbands from the U to y bands);
I = IR band (here refers to the passbands redder than y band).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Wang et al. Paper I. 2022ApJS..259...12W 2022ApJS..259...12W Cat. J/ApJS/259/12
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 02-Aug-2022