J/ApJS/262/43 NGT gri monitoring of the FSRQ 3C 454.3 (Yuan+, 2022)
Optical monitoring and variability analyses of the FSRQ 3C 454.3.
Yuan Y.H., Wang G.G., Xiao H.B., Fan J.H., Huang H.R., Ding G.Z., Wen G.Z.,
Wu F.J.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 262, 43 (2022)>
=2022ApJS..262...43Y 2022ApJS..262...43Y
ADC_Keywords: Photometry, ugriz; QSOs
Keywords: Galaxies ; Blazars ; CCD photometry
Abstract:
Based on the database monitored by the 1.26m National Astronomical
Observatory-Guangzhou University Infrared/Optical Telescope, we
studied the optical variabilities of FSRQ 3C454.3. The monitoring
period was from 2016 October 17 to 2018 December 14, and there were
6701 observations covering the g, r, and i bands (2196 at the g band,
2214 at the r band, and 2291 at the i band). (1) The maximum
variabilities were Δmg=2.806±0.124mag at the g band;
Δmr=2.365±0.160mag at the r band; and
Δmi=3.126±0.070mag at the i band. (2) Among the gri intraday
lightcurves, there are 172 portions of the data sets showing intraday
variability (IDV). The distributions of IDV timescales (ΔT) can
be profiled by a three-order Gaussian function, with the center values
ΔT1=17.18min, ΔT2=34.91min, and ΔT3=68.92min.
These results imply that the origin of IDVs is very complicated.
(3) Based on the IDV timescales, we obtained the emission size
R≤7.17x1015cm, fixed the broad-line region and modeled the spectral
energy distributions. (4) We used the Jurkevich method, red-noise
fitting, and the weighted wavelet Z-transform to analyze the long-term
variabilities and obtained indications of a possible period of
P=2.92±0.85yr, and used the binary black hole system to explain this
period. Based on the long-term period, we can estimate the time until
merger of the binary black hole, tmerge=6.69x103yr, and the
luminosity of gravitational waves, LG=1.56x1048erg/s.
Description:
In order to analyze the optical variabilities of the flat-spectrum
radio quasar (FSRQ) 3C454.3, we carried out the observations using
the 1.26m National Astronomical Observatory-Guangzhou University
Infrared/Optical Telescope (NGT) at Xinglong station. The monitoring
period was from 2016 October 17 to 2018 December 14, and there were
6701 observations covering the g, r, and i bands.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------------------
22 53 57.75 +16 08 53.6 3C454.3 = PKS 2251+15
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 59 2291 The gri observational of 3C454.3
table3.dat 72 75 The intraday variability (IDV) results
of FSRQ 3C454.3 at g band
table4.dat 72 169 The IDV results of FSRQ 3C454.3 at r band
table5.dat 72 112 The IDV results of FSRQ 3C454.3 at i band
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See also:
J/A+AS/127/445 : Gamma-ray loud blazars opt. monitoring. II. (Raiteri+ 1998)
J/ApJS/123/79 : Third EGRET catalog (3EG) (Hartman+, 1999)
J/ApJS/148/97 : The WMAP First Year Source Catalog (WMAP1) (Bennett+, 2003)
J/A+A/450/39 : BVRI photometry of 8 red blazars (Gu+, 2006)
J/ApJ/712/405 : Multiwavelength obs. of 3C 454.3 III. (Vercellone+, 2010)
J/ApJS/213/26 : Optical light curves of PHL1811 and 3C273 (Fan+, 2014)
J/ApJ/837/45 : 2006-2012 Rc-band & 4.8GHz obs. of AO 0235+164 (Fan+, 2017)
J/ApJS/229/21 : VRI monitoring of the QSO 3C 273 in 2005-2016 (Xiong+, 2017)
J/ApJ/856/80 : 6-yr optical monitoring of the FSRQ 3C 454.3 (Fan+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/477/4749 : gamma-rays in Fermi blazars (Costamante+, 2018)
J/ApJ/906/5 : 3C 454.3 FeII, MgII & 3000Å data (Amaya-Almazan+, 2021)
J/ApJS/253/10 : 12yrs of R-band phot. of the quasar 3C 454.3 (Fan+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 F8.3 d JD-g [679/1471.71]? Julian Date of g-band observation;
JD-2457000
10- 14 F5.2 mag gmag [15.46/18.27]? Apparent g-band AB magnitude
16- 19 F4.2 mag e_gmag [0/0.14]? Uncertainty in gmag
21- 28 F8.3 d JD-r [679/1471.71]? Julian Date of r-band observation;
JD-2457000
30- 34 F5.2 mag rmag [14.75/17.12]? Apparent r-band AB magnitude
36- 39 F4.2 mag e_rmag [0/0.15]? Uncertainty in rmag
41- 48 F8.3 d JD-i [679/1471.71] Julian Date of i-band observation;
JD-2457000
50- 54 F5.2 mag imag [14.07/17.2] Apparent i-band AB magnitude
56- 59 F4.2 mag e_imag [0/0.2] Uncertainty in imag
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[345].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- Date Observation date
12- 13 I2 --- N [2/88]? Number of paired observations
15- 20 F6.2 --- Am [0/129]? Heidt & Wagner
1996A&A...305...42H 1996A&A...305...42H variability value
22- 27 F6.2 --- FTest [0.3/704]? F-test intra-day variability
value
29- 34 F6.3 --- ANOVA [0.8/79.3]? ANOVA test intra-day
variability value
36- 40 F5.2 --- Fc99 [1.8/99]? Critical F value at 1%
significance
42- 47 F6.2 --- Fc99.9 [2/999]? Critical F value at 0.1%
significance
49 A1 --- Var Variability type (V=variable; N=nonvariable)
51- 56 F6.2 min DeltaT [5.7/223.2]? Variable timescale
58- 61 F4.2 mag delmag [0.02/1.3]? Variability magnitude
63- 66 F4.2 mag e_delmag [0/0.21]? Uncertainty in delmag
68- 72 F5.2 --- delmag/sig [0.47/35.7]? Delmag divided by its
uncertainty
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 21-Nov-2022