J/ApJS/265/12 Neighboring open clusters with Gaia DR3 (Qin+, 2023)
Hunting for neighboring open clusters with Gaia DR3:
101 new open clusters within 500 pc.
Qin S., Zhong J., Tang T., Chen L.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 265, 12 (2023)>
=2023ApJS..265...12Q 2023ApJS..265...12Q (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Milky Way ; Clusters, open ; Parallaxes, trigonometric ;
Radial velocities ; Optical
Keywords: star clusters - open clusters
Abstract:
We systematically searched for open clusters in the solar neighborhood
within 500pc using pyUPMASK and HDBSCAN clustering algorithms based
on Gaia DR3. Taking into consideration that the physical size for most
open clusters is less than 50pc, we adopted a slicing approach for
different distance shells and identified 324 neighboring open
clusters, including 223 reported open clusters and 101 newly
discovered open clusters (named as OCSN, Open Cluster of Solar
Neighborhood). Our discovery has increased the number of open clusters
in the solar neighborhood by about 45%. In this work, larger spatial
extents and more member stars were attained for our cluster sample. We
provided the member stars and the membership probabilities through the
pyUPMASK algorithm for each cluster and derived their astrophysical,
age, and structural parameters.
Description:
We performed a systematic blind search for OCs at Galactic latitudes
|b|≤30deg| within 500pc of the solar neighborhood by choosing
different slicing box sizes in different distance grids with Gaia DR3
data. By utilizing the clustering algorithms pyUPMASK and HDSBSCAN, we
identified a total of 324 OCs. Our results include 101 new clusters
that were never reported before, increasing the OC census within 500
pc by about 50%. Meanwhile, 223 reported clusters and their members
were updated by carefully comparing their spatial distributions and
other properties with a previous cluster catalog (ref_OCs). In the
OCSN catalog, we provided the membership probabilities of member stars
and further estimated the mean positions, proper motions, parallaxes,
and structural parameters for each cluster. We also derived the mean
RVs of the OCs through Gaussian fitting based on Gaia DR3.
Subsequently, we performed visual isochrone fitting to obtain the
ages, distance moduli, and reddening values for the clusters according
to the distribution of member stars on the CMDs.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 220 324 Catalog of open cluster properties
table3.dat 249 59304 Catalog of cluster members
table4.dat 48 31 Metallicity of some reported clusters
table5.dat 29 19 Binary clusters in our OC sample
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See also:
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- Name Cluster name in this work (OCSN_NNN)
10 I1 --- OCFlag [1/3] Cluster cross-match cases (1)
12- 17 F6.2 deg GLON Mean galactic longitude of members
19- 24 F6.2 deg GLAT Mean galactic latitude of members
26- 31 F6.2 deg RAdeg Mean right ascension of members (ICRS)
33- 38 F6.2 deg DEdeg Mean declination of members (ICRS)
40- 45 F6.2 mas/yr pmRA Mean proper motion in right ascension
of members
47- 51 F5.2 mas/yr e_pmRA Standard deviation of proper motion in
right ascension
53- 58 F6.2 mas/yr pmDE Mean proper motion in declination of members
60- 64 F5.2 mas/yr e_pmDE Standard deviation of proper motion in
declination
66- 70 F5.2 mas plx Mean parallax of members
72- 75 F4.2 mas e_plx Standard deviation of parallax
77- 82 F6.2 km/s RV Mean radial velocity of members
84- 88 F5.2 km/s e_RV Standard deviation of radial velocity
90 I1 --- f_RV Label of RV (2)
92- 94 I3 --- NRV Number of RV members
96- 99 I4 --- N Number of members with membership
probabilities higher than 0.5
101-105 F5.2 mag m-M Cluster distance modulus determined by
the isochrone fit
107-110 F4.2 --- logt Cluster age determined by the isochrone fit
112-115 F4.2 mag E(B-V) Cluster reddening determined by
the isochrone fit
117-120 F4.2 deg rh Angular size of half number radius
122-126 F5.2 deg rc ?=- Cluster core radius
128-131 F4.2 deg e_rc ?=- Uncertainty of cluster core radius
133-137 F5.2 deg rt ?=- Cluster tidal radius
139-143 F5.2 deg e_rt ?=- Uncertainty of cluster tidal radius
145-148 F4.2 deg ro ?=- Mean radius of cluster outer region
150-153 F4.2 deg e_ro ?=- Uncertainty of the mean radius
of cluster outer region
155-159 F5.2 deg re ?=- Cluster boundary radius
161-166 F6.2 deg e_re ?=- Uncertainty of cluster boundary radius
168-203 A36 --- RefName Cluster names in the literature works
205-220 A16 --- r_RefName References corresponding to cluster names
(see Section 5.1) (3)
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Note (1): Cluster cross-match cases as follows:
1 = f=0%, the new OCs in the OCSN catalog;
2 = f<50% and most of the common members are located on the outer part
of the cluster in the OCSN catalog;
3 = f>50% or most of the common members are located in the center part
of the cluster in the OCSN catalog.
Note (2): Label of RV as follows:
1 = the mean value obtained by Gaussian-fitting of cluster RV members;
2 = the median RVs of cluster RV members;
Note (3): References for literature cluster names as follows:
B20 = Beccari et al. (2020MNRAS.491.2205B 2020MNRAS.491.2205B)
CG20 = Cantat-Gaudin et al. (2020A&A...640A...1C 2020A&A...640A...1C, Cat. J/A+A/640/A1)
DV21 = Dickson-Vandervelde et al. (2021AJ....161...87D 2021AJ....161...87D, Cat. J/AJ/161/87)
G20a = Galli et al. (2020A&A...634A..98G 2020A&A...634A..98G, Cat. J/A+A/634/A98)
G20b = Galli et al. (2020A&A...643A.148G 2020A&A...643A.148G, Cat. J/A+A/643/A148)
G21 = Grasser et al. (2021A&A...652A...2G 2021A&A...652A...2G, Cat. J/A+A/652/A2)
HR21 = Hunt & Reffert (2021A&A...646A.104H 2021A&A...646A.104H, Cat. J/A+A/646/A104)
He22a = He et al. (2022ApJS..262....7H 2022ApJS..262....7H, Cat. J/ApJS/262/7)
He22b = He et al. (2022ApJS..260....8H 2022ApJS..260....8H, Cat. J/ApJS/260/8)
K18 = Kounkel et al. (2018AJ....156...84K 2018AJ....156...84K, Cat. J/AJ/156/84)
LP19 = Liu & Pang (2019ApJS..245...32L 2019ApJS..245...32L, Cat. J/ApJS/245/32)
Li22 = Li et al. (2022ApJS..259...19L 2022ApJS..259...19L)
Liu21 = Liu et al. (2021ApJS..254...20L 2021ApJS..254...20L, Cat. J/ApJS/254/20)
P21 = Pavlidou et al. (2021MNRAS.503.3232P 2021MNRAS.503.3232P)
Pang21 = Pang et al. (2021ApJ...923...20P 2021ApJ...923...20P)
R18 = Roccatagliata et al. (2018A&A...617L...4R 2018A&A...617L...4R)
Sim19 = Sim et al. (2019JKAS...52..145S 2019JKAS...52..145S)
T20 = Tian (2020ApJ...904..196T 2020ApJ...904..196T, Cat. J/ApJ/904/196)
Wang22 = Wang et al. (2022MNRAS.513..503W 2022MNRAS.513..503W)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 identifier [source_id]
21- 42 F22.18 deg GLON Source galactic longitude, Gaia DR3
44- 67 E24.16 deg GLAT Source galactic latitude, Gaia DR3
69- 91 E23.15 deg RAdeg Right ascension, Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
93-115 F23.19 deg DEdeg Declination, Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
117-123 F7.4 mas plx Gaia DR3 parallax
125-130 F6.4 mas e_plx Standard error of parallax
132-138 F7.3 mas/yr pmRA Gaia DR3 proper motion in right ascension
140-144 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA Standard error of proper motion in
right ascension
146-152 F7.3 mas/yr pmDE Gaia DR3 proper motion in declination
154-158 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE Standard error of proper motion in
declination
160-166 F7.2 km/s RV ?=- Gaia DR3 radial velocity
168-172 F5.2 km/s e_RV ?=- Radial velocity error
174 I1 --- f_RV [0/2] Label of radial velocity members (4)
176-184 F9.6 mag Gmag Gaia DR3, G magnitude
186-193 F8.6 mag e_Gmag Gaia DR3, G magnitude error
195-203 F9.6 mag BPmag ?=- Gaia DR3, BP magnitude
205-212 F8.6 mag e_BPmag ?=- Gaia DR3, BP magnitude error
214-222 F9.6 mag RPmag ?=- Gaia DR3, RP magnitude
224-231 F8.6 mag e_RPmag ?=- Gaia DR3, RP magnitude error
233-240 F8.6 --- probs Membership probability obtained from pyUPMASK
242-249 A8 --- Name Corresponding cluster name in this work
(Table 2)
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Note (4): Label of RV as follows:
0 = RV outlier
1 = high-quality member
2 = non-RV member
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- Name Cluster name in this work
10- 22 A13 --- RefName Reference name
24- 28 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] Metallicity
30- 33 F4.2 [-] e_[Fe/H] Uncertainty in [Fe/H]
35- 36 I2 --- o_[Fe/H] Number of stars in mean metallicity measurement
38- 48 A11 --- r_[Fe/H] Reference for [Fe/H] (1)
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Note (1): References as follows:
Donor2020 = Donor et al., 2020AJ....159..199D 2020AJ....159..199D, Cat. J/AJ/159/199
Netopil2022 = Netopil et al., 2022MNRAS.509..421N 2022MNRAS.509..421N, Cat. J/MNRAS/509/421
Zhong2020 = Zhong et al., 2022AJ....164...54Z 2022AJ....164...54Z, Cat. J/AJ/164/54
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Group Binary cluster grouping
4- 11 A8 --- Name1 Cluster 1 name
13- 20 A8 --- Name2 Cluster 2 name
22- 25 F4.1 pc Dpos Spatial separation
27- 29 F3.1 km/s DV Velocity difference
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Acknowledgements:
Songmei Qin, qinsongmei(at)shao.ac.cn
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 09-Apr-2023