J/ApJS/265/4 ExoClock project. III. 450 exoplanet ephemerides (Kokori+, 2023)
ExoClock project.
III. 450 new exoplanet ephemerides from ground and space observations.
Kokori A., Tsiaras A., Edwards B., Jones A., Pantelidou G., Tinetti G.,
Bewersdorff L., Iliadou A., Jongen Y., Lekkas G., Nastasi A.,
Poultourtzidis E., Sidiropoulos C., Walter F., Wunsche A., Abraham R.,
Agnihotri V.K., Albanesi R., Arce-Mansego E., Arnot D., Audejean M.,
Aumasson C., Bachschmidt M., Baj G., Barroy P.R., Belinski A.A.,
Bennett D., Benni P., Bernacki K., Betti L., Biagini A., Bosch P.,
Brandebourg P., Brat L., Bretton M., Brincat S.M., Brouillard S.,
Bruzas A., Bruzzone A., Buckland R.A., Calo M., Campos F., Carreno A.,
Carrion Rodrigo J.A., Casali R., Casalnuovo G., Cataneo M., Chang C.-M.,
Changeat L., Chowdhury V., Ciantini R., Cilluffo M., Coliac J.-F.,
Conzo G., Correa M., Coulon G., Crouzet N., Crow M.V., Curtis I.A.,
Daniel D., Dauchet B., Dawes S., Deldem M., Deligeorgopoulos D.,
Dransfield G., Dymock R., Eenmae T., Esseiva N., Evans P., Falco C.,
Farfan R.G., Fernandez-Lajus E., Ferratfiat S., Ferreira S.L.,
Ferretti A., Fiolka J., Fowler M., Futcher S.R., Gabellini D., Gainey T.,
Gaitan J., Gajdos P., Garcia-Sanchez A., Garlitz J., Gillier C., Gison C.,
Gonzales J., Gorshanov D., Grau Horta F., Grivas G., Guerra P.,
Guillot T., Haswell C.A., Haymes T., Hentunen V.-P., Hills K., Hose K.,
Humbert T., Hurter F., Hynek T., Irzyk M., Jacobsen J., Jannetta A.L.,
Johnson K., Jozwik-Wabik P., Kaeouach A.E., Kang W., Kiiskinen H., Kim T.,
Kivila U., Koch B., Kolb U., Kucakova H., Lai S.-P., Laloum D., Lasota S.,
Lewis L.A., Liakos G.-I., Libotte F., Lomoz F., Lopresti C., Majewski R.,
Malcher A., Mallonn M., Mannucci M., Marchini A., Mari J.-M., Marino A.,
Marino G., Mario J.-C., Marquette J.-B., Martinez-Bravo F.A., Masek M.,
Matassa P., Michel P., Michelet J., Miller M., Miny E., Molina D.,
Mollier T., Monteleone B., Montigiani N., Morales-Aimar M., Mortari F.,
Morvan M., Mugnai L.V., Murawski G., Naponiello L., Naudin J.-L.,
Naves R., Neel D., Neito R., Neveu S., Noschese A., Ogmen Y., Ohshima O.,
Orbanic Z., Pace E.P., Pantacchini C., Paschalis N.I., Pereira C.,
Peretto I., Perroud V., Phillips M., Pintr P., Pioppa J.-B., Plazas J.,
Poelarends A.J., Popowicz A., Purcell J., Quinn N., Raetz M., Rees D.,
Regembal F., Rocchetto M., Rocci P.-F., Rockenbauer M., Roth R.,
Rousselot L., Rubia X., Ruocco N., Russo E., Salisbury M., Salvaggio F.,
Santos A., Savage J., Scaggiante F., Sedita D., Shadick S., Silva A.F.,
Sioulas N., Skolnik V., Smith M., Smolka M., Solmaz A., Stanbury N.,
Stouraitis D., Tan T.-G., Theusner M., Thurston G., Tifner F.P.,
Tomacelli A., Tomatis A., Trnka J., Tylsar M., Valeau P., Vignes J.-P.,
Villa A., Sureda A.V., Vora K., Vrast'ak M., Walliang D., Wenzel B.,
Wright D.E., Zambelli R., Zhang M., Zibar M.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 265, 4 (2023)>
=2023ApJS..265....4K 2023ApJS..265....4K
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Photometry; Optical; References
Keywords: Ephemerides ; Transits ; Amateur astronomers ; Photometry ;
Open source software
Abstract:
The ExoClock project has been created to increase the efficiency of
the Ariel mission. It will achieve this by continuously monitoring and
updating the ephemerides of Ariel candidates, in order to produce a
consistent catalog of reliable and precise ephemerides. This work
presents a homogenous catalog of updated ephemerides for 450 planets,
generated by the integration of ∼18000 data points from multiple
sources. These sources include observations from ground-based
telescopes (the ExoClock network and the Exoplanet Transit Database),
midtime values from the literature, and light curves from space
telescopes (Kepler, K2, and TESS). With all the above, we manage to
collect observations for half of the postdiscovery years (median),
with data that have a median uncertainty less than 1 minute. In
comparison with the literature, the ephemerides generated by the
project are more precise and less biased. More than 40% of the initial
literature ephemerides had to be updated to reach the goals of the
project, as they were either of low precision or drifting. Moreover,
the integrated approach of the project enables both the monitoring of
the majority of the Ariel candidates (95%), and also the
identification of missing data. These results highlight the need for
continuous monitoring to increase the observing coverage of the
candidate planets. Finally, the extended observing coverage of planets
allows us to detect trends (transit-timing variations) for a sample of
19 planets.
Description:
In this study, we integrated light curves from the ExoClock network,
the Exoplanet Transit Database (ETD; Poddany+ 2010NewA...15..297P 2010NewA...15..297P),
and the MAST Archive (for the Kepler, K2, and TESS space missions),
and midtransit times from the literature, to update the ephemerides of
450 exoplanets. All the light curves were acquired before the end of
2021. See Section 2.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table6.dat 312 450 Parameters used in the analysis of individual
light-curves and the respective references
table7.dat 345 450 Updated ephemerides and data sources
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See also:
IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)
IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)
J/ApJ/652/1715 : Four transits of the exoplanet XO-1b (Holman+, 2006)
J/ApJ/704/1107 : Transiting planet cand. in HATNet field 205 (Latham+, 2009)
J/ApJ/742/116 : Phot. of four massive transiting exoplanets (Bakos+, 2011)
J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/84 : 10 new transit light curves of HAT-P-13b (Fulton+, 2011)
J/ApJ/733/127 : Four transits of WASP-4b (Sanchis-Ojeda+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/426/739 : Velocities for seven transiting hot Jupiters (Hellier+, 2012)
J/A+A/549/A134 : 4 new WASP transiting close-in giant planets (Hebrard+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/440/1982 : WASP 95-101 transits (Hellier+, 2014)
J/ApJ/783/4 : Kepler multi-planet candidate systems (Wang+, 2014)
J/A+A/575/A111 : GAPS V: Global analysis of the XO-2 system (Damasso+, 2015)
J/ApJS/226/7 : Planet cand. discovered using K2's 1st yr (Crossfield+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/161 : Photometry for HATS-31 through HATS-35 (de Val-Borro+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/108 : i photometry for HATS-25 through HATS-30 (Espinoza+, 2016)
J/ApJS/225/9 : Kepler TTVs. IX. Full long-cadence data set (Holczer+, 2016)
J/A+A/591/A55 : 5 transiting hot Jupiters from WASP (Maxted+, 2016)
J/ApJ/822/86 : False positive prob. for Q1-Q17 DR24 KOIs (Morton+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/457/4205 : WASP-22, WASP-41, WASP-42, WASP-55 (Southworth+, 2016)
J/AJ/154/207 : K2 planetary syst. orbiting low-mass stars (Dressing+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/465/3693 : 7 WASP-South transiting exoplanets (Hellier+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/49 : Transiting Exoplanet Monitoring Project. II. (Wang+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/119 : HATSouth-K2 C7 transiting/eclipsing systems (Bayliss+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/477/3406 : HATS-39b, 40b, 41b and 42b transit data (Bento+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/112 : RVels & light curves for HATS-43-HATS-46 (Brahm+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/79 : RV & light curves for 4 G-type dwarf stars (Henning+, 2018)
J/AcA/68/371 : WASP and KELT planet transits (Maciejewski+, 2018)
J/A+A/613/A41 : 5 exoplanet light and RV curves (Mancini+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/136 : Planets orbiting bright stars in K2 (Mayo+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/22 : Planetary candidates from K2 Campaign 16 (Yu+, 2018)
J/AJ/157/217 : Transit times of 5 hot Jupiter WASP exoplanets (Bouma+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/63 : Five new transiting hot Jupiters (Espinoza+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/55 : RVs and light curves for HATS-60-HATS-69 (Hartman+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/482/301 : WASP-147b, 160Bb, 164b, and 165b phot. and RV (Lendl+, 2019)
J/A+A/622/A81 : 15 hot Jupiter exoplanets light curves (Mallonn+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/177 : Near-resonance in sub-Neptune system from TESS (Quinn+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/82 : TEMP. V. Phot. of HAT-P-9, HAT-P-32 & HAT-P-36 (Wang+, 2019)
J/AJ/160/239 : Cluster difference imaging phot. survey. II. (Bouma+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/241 : The TESS-Keck Survey. I. HD332231 RVels (Dalba+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/239 : Transmission Spectroscopy Metric of exoplanets (Guo+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/173 : Phot. & RV of 4 dwarfs hosting giant planets (Hartman+, 2020)
J/AcA/70/181 : Planets in Hot Jupiter Systems (Maciejewski+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/150 : Transit times of 11 hot Jupiters (Patra+, 2020)
J/AJ/162/7 : LC and radial velocities for 7 host stars (Bakos+, 2021)
J/AJ/164/15 : Exoplanets considered as Ariel's targets (Edwards+, 2022)
J/ApJS/259/62 : TESS transit timing of hot Jupiters (Ivshina+, 2022)
J/ApJS/258/40 : ExoClock project. II. (Kokori+, 2022)
J/MNRAS/514/77 : CHEOPS Early Science observations (Maxted+, 2022)
http://osf.io/p298n/ : ExoClock third Data Release
http://var2.astro.cz/ETD/ : Exoplanet Transit Database home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 14 A14 --- Planet Planet
16- 30 F15.7 d T0 Mid-transit time before update;
Barcyentric Julian Date at TDB
32- 38 A7 d E_T0 Upper uncertainty to T0
40- 47 A8 d e_T0 Lower uncertainty to T0
49- 60 F12.9 d Per [0.46/88.52] Orbital period, before update
62- 69 A8 d E_Per Upper uncertainty in Per
71- 79 A9 d e_Per Lower uncertainty in Per
81- 99 A19 --- Ref1 Ephemeris reference (ADS bibcode)
101-108 F8.2 K Teff [2960/10170] Stellar Surface effective
temperature
110-114 F5.1 K E_Teff [8.9/630] Upper uncertainty in Teff
116-122 F7.2 K e_Teff [-820/-8.9] Lower uncertainty in Teff
124-128 F5.3 [cm/s2] logg [3.3/5.12] Stellar surface gravity, log (cgs)
130-134 F5.3 [cm/s2] E_logg [0/1.1] Upper uncertainty in logg
136-141 F6.3 [cm/s2] e_logg [-0.7/0] Lower uncertainty in logg
143-161 A19 --- Ref2 Stellar parameters reference (ADS bibcode)
163-170 F8.6 --- Rp/Rs [0.0096/0.287] Ratio, Planet to Host radius
172-178 E7.4 --- E_Rp/Rs [2e-5/0.1] Upper uncertainty in Rp/Rs
180-187 E8.4 --- e_Rp/Rs [-0.1/-2e-05] Lower uncertainty in Rp/Rs
189-195 F7.4 --- a/Rs [3/96.1] Orbital radius in units of host
stellar radius
197-204 F8.4 --- E_a/Rs [0.0016/128.31] Upper uncertainty in a/Rs
206-213 F8.4 --- e_a/Rs [-23/-0.0016] Lower uncertainty in a/Rs
215-219 A5 --- f_a/Rs Boolean flag -- adjusted a/Rs? (1)
221-226 F6.3 deg i [76.3/90] Orbital inclination
228-232 F5.3 deg E_i [0/3.2] Upper uncertainty in i
234-239 F6.3 deg e_i [-4.2/-0.01] Lower uncertainty in i
241-245 A5 --- f_i Boolean flag -- adjusted i? (1)
247-253 F7.5 --- e [0.00064/0.68]? Orbital eccentricity
255-261 F7.5 --- E_e [0.00012/0.35]? Upper uncertainty in e
263-270 F8.5 --- e_e [-0.21/-0.00016]? Lower uncertainty in e
272-277 F6.2 deg omega [1.7/359.6]? Argument of Periastron, ω
279-284 F6.2 deg E_omega [0.12/165]? Upper uncertainty in omega
286-292 F7.2 deg e_omega [-280/-0.18]? Lower uncertainty in omega
294-312 A19 --- Ref3 Transit parameters reference (ADS bibcode)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Values flagged as "True" were adjusted based on TESS data to match
the observed durations.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 14 A14 --- Planet Planet
16- 30 F15.7 d T0 Mid-transit time, revised;
Barcyentric Julian Date at TDB
32- 40 F9.7 d e_T0 [4e-6/0.07] Uncertainty in T0
42- 53 F12.9 d Per [0.46/88.52] Orbital period, revised
55- 65 F11.9 d e_Per [1.9e-08/0.013] Uncertainty in Per
67-345 A279 --- Refs Literature data references (ADS bibcodes)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Kokori et al. 2022ExA....53..547K 2022ExA....53..547K
Kokori et al. Paper II. 2022ApJS..258...40K 2022ApJS..258...40K Cat. J/ApJS/258/40
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 14-Apr-2023