J/MNRAS/292/419 Cooling flows in 207 clusters of galaxies (White+, 1997)
An investigation of cooling flows and general cluster properties from an
X-ray image deprojection analysis of 207 clusters of galaxies.
White D.A., Jones C., Forman W.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 292, 419-467 (1997)>
=1997MNRAS.292..419W 1997MNRAS.292..419W
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, galaxy ; X-ray sources
Keywords: catalogues - galaxies: clusters: general - cooling flows -
galaxies: fundamental parameters - intergalactic medium -
X-rays: galaxies
Abstract:
In this paper we present an X-ray image deprojection analysis of
Einstein Observatory imaging data on 207 clusters of galaxies. The
resulting radial profiles for luminosity, temperature and electron
density variations are determined from the cluster surface-brightness
profiles according to gravitational potential constraints from
average X-ray temperatures and optical velocity dispersions. This
enables us to determine cooling flow and other cluster properties,
such as baryon fractions, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich microwave decrements and
Thomson depths. From the results we have compiled a catalogue of the
detected cooling flows, and investigated their effects on general
cluster properties.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 99 260 Cluster reference data
refs.dat 136 53 References
table2.dat 128 228 Deprojection input data
table3.dat 161 228 Deprojection results
table4.dat 104 228 Deprojection results summed to different radii
table5.dat 70 97 Catalogue of cooling flows detected in the
Einstein Observatory deprojections
table6.dat 53 58 Supplementary reference data from the literature
table1.tex 223 402 LaTeX version of table 1
table2.tex 60 3907 LaTeX version of table 2
table3.tex 57 4556 LaTeX version of table 3
table4.tex 83 3802 LaTeX version of table 4
table5.tex 114 1157 LaTeX version of table 5
table6.tex 119 85 LaTeX version of table 6
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See also:
J/ApJS/111/163 : Einstein X-ray survey of galaxies. I. (Burstein+ 1997)
J/ApJ/511/65 : Einstein images of galaxy clusters (Jones + Forman, 1999)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Name Cluster name (K38 = Klem 38)
15- 19 F5.2 10+20cm-2 NH ? Line-of-sight Galactic hydrogen column
density
21- 25 F5.4 --- z ? Redshift
28- 32 A5 --- r_z Redshift reference
34- 37 I4 km/s sigma Optical velocity dispersion
38 A1 --- u_sigma Uncertainty flag on sigma
41- 43 I3 km/s E_sigma ? Error in sigma (upper limit)
45- 47 I3 km/s e_sigma ? Error in sigma (lower limit)
49- 53 A5 --- r_sigma Sigma reference
55- 58 F4.1 keV TX Average cluster X-ray temperature
59 A1 --- u_TX Uncertainty flag on TX
61- 63 F3.1 keV E_TX ? Error in TX (upper limit)
65- 67 F3.1 keV e_TX ? Error in TX (lower limit)
69- 72 A4 --- r_TX Reference for TX (Vopt = sigma+opt)
75- 81 F7.3 10+37W LX X-ray luminosity
82 A1 --- u_LX Uncertainty flag on LX
84- 88 F5.3 10+37W E_LX ? Error in LX (upper limit)
90- 94 F5.3 10+37W e_LX ? Error in LX (lower limit)
96- 99 A4 --- r_LX Reference for LX
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 A5 --- Ref Reference code
8- 26 A19 --- BibCode BibCode
28- 46 A19 --- Aut Author's name
48-136 A89 --- Com Comments
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Seq Sequential number
5- 16 A12 --- Name Cluster name
19- 40 A22 --- OName Alternative names
42- 47 A6 --- Sequence Einstein Observatory Sequence (G1)
49- 51 F3.1 --- IPC1 ? IPC energy range of the extracted data
52 A1 --- --- [-]
53- 55 F3.1 --- IPC2 ? IPC energy range of the extracted data
57- 60 F4.1 --- Gain ? IPC gain
62- 66 I5 s ExpTime Exposure time
68- 72 F5.3 --- z Optical redshift
74- 77 I4 Mpc DL Luminosity distance (H=50km/s/Mpc, q0=0.5)
of the cluster
79- 82 F4.2 10+21cm-2 NH Galactic hydrogen column density
84- 87 F4.1 keV kT Spatial average X-ray temperature
89- 92 I4 km/s sigma Cluster optical velocity dispersion
94- 97 I4 km/s e_sigma ? rms uncertainty on sigma
99-102 F4.2 Mpc Rcore Core radius
104-105 I2 --- Nbins Total number of bins
107-109 I3 arcsec dR Bin size, in arcsec, of the projection
111-115 F5.3 Mpc dRMpc Bin size, in Mpc, of the projection
117-121 F5.3 Mpc Rout Outer radius of the projection
123-128 F6.2 10-4K/cm+3 Pout Gas pressure, at the outer radius
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Seq Sequential number
5- 16 A12 --- Name Cluster name
19- 24 A6 --- Sequence Einstein Observatory Sequence (G1)
26- 29 F4.2 Mpc Rcore Core radius
31- 35 F5.3 Mpc Rout Outer radius of the deprojection
37- 40 F4.1 K kT Spatially averaged, emission-weighted
reprojected temperature from the
deprojected profile
42- 44 F3.1 K E_kT Error in kT (upper limit)
46- 48 F3.1 K e_kT Error in kT (lower limit)
50- 53 F4.1 K kTRef ? Reference temperature
55- 59 F5.2 10+37W LX Spatially averaged bolometric X-ray
luminosity from the deprojection
61- 66 F6.2 10+37W LXRef ? Reference X-ray luminosity
68- 72 F5.1 10+12solMass Mgas Integrated gas mass to the outer radius
74- 77 F4.1 10+12solMass e_Mgas rms uncertainty on Mgas
79- 84 F6.1 10+12solMass Mgrav Intergeted gravitational mass at the
outer radius
86- 89 F4.1 --- Mgas/Mgrav ? gas to gravitational masses ratio
91- 93 F3.1 --- e_Mgas/Mgrav ? rms uncertainty on Mgas/Mgrav
95- 98 F4.2 --- tcool Cooling time (in H0-1)
100-104 F5.2 --- E_tcool Error in tcool (upper limit)
106-109 F4.2 --- e_tcool Error in tcool (lower limit)
112 A1 --- l_Rcool Limit flag on Rcool
113-115 I3 kpc Rcool ? Cooling radius
117 A1 --- lERcool Limit flag on E_Rcool
118-120 I3 kpc E_Rcool ? Error in Rcool (upper limit)
122 A1 --- leRcool Limit flag on e_Rcool
123-125 I3 kpc e_Rcool ? Error in Rcool (lower limit)
127 A1 --- l_dM/dt Limit flag on dM/dt
128-132 F5.1 solMass/yr dM/dt Mass loss of the cooling flow
134 A1 --- lEdM/dt Limit flag on E_dM/dt
135-139 F5.1 solMass/yr E_dM/dt Error on dM/dt (upper limit)
141 A1 --- ledM/dt Limit flag on e_dM/dt
142-146 F5.1 solMass/yr e_dM/dt Error on dM/dt (lower limit)
148-151 A4 --- CF Cooling flow class (1)
152-156 F5.2 mK S-Z-dT Projected Sunyaev-Zel'dovich microwave
decrement from the over 6arcmin radius
158-162 F5.3 % T-Depth Thompson depth from Rout to the centre
of the cluster
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Note (1): Cooling flow classes are defined as follows:
LCF = large cooling flows, dM/dt>50M☉/yr
MCF = moderate cooling flows, 10<dM/dt≤50M☉/yr
SCF = small cooling flows, 0<dM/dt≤10M☉/yr
PCF = possible cooling flows, ΔR>Rcool
(Rcool is the average size of the cooling flow)
PLCF = possible large cooling flows
PMCF = possible moderate cooling flows
PSCF = possible small cooling flows
XCF = excluded cooling flows, ΔR>Rcool
(Rcool is the average size of the cooling flow)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Seq ? Sequential number
5- 16 A12 --- Name Cluster name
18- 23 A6 --- Sequence Einstein Observatory Sequence (G1)
25- 29 F5.3 Mpc R0.2 ? Half-light radius, at the
reference radius R<0.2Mpc (1)
31- 35 F5.3 Mpc R0.5 ? Half-light radius, at the
reference radius R<0.5Mpc
37- 41 F5.3 Mpc R1.0 ? Half-light radius, at the
reference radius R<1.0Mpc
43- 47 F5.2 10+37W LX0.5 ? Integrated value of X-ray
luminosity, within R<0.5Mpc
49- 53 F5.2 10+37W LX1.0 ? Integrated value of X-ray
luminosity, within R<1.0Mpc
55- 58 F4.1 10+12solMass Mgas0.5 ? Integrated value of the gas mass,
within R<0.5Mpc
60- 62 F3.1 10+12solMass e_Mgas0.5 ? rms uncertainty on Mgas0.5
64- 68 F5.1 10+12solMass Mgas1.0 ? Integrated value of the gas mass,
within R<1.0Mpc
70- 73 F4.1 10+12solMass e_Mgas1.0 ? rms uncertainty on Mgas1.0
75- 79 F5.1 10+12solMass Mgrav0.5 ? Gravitational mass integrated
value, within R<0.5Mpc
81- 86 F6.1 10+12solMass Mgrav1.0 ? Gravitational mass integrated
value, within R<1.0Mpc
88- 91 F4.1 % Mgas/Mgrav0.5 ? Gas-to-gravitational masses ratio,
within R<0.5Mpc
93- 95 F3.1 % e_Mgas/Mgrav0.5 ? rms uncertainty on Mgas/Mgrav0.5
97-100 F4.1 % Mgas/Mgrav1.0 ? Gas-to-gravitational masses ratio,
within R<1.0Mpc
102-104 F3.1 % e_Mgas/Mgrav1.0 ? rms uncertainty on Mgas/Mgrav1.0
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Note (1): The half-light radius is the radius which contains half of
the X-ray luminosity at the reference radius 0.2, 0.5 or 1.0Mpc.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Rank Rank of the flow, ordered by
decreasing dM/dt (1)
3 A1 --- n_Rank [b] Note on Rank (1)
5- 7 I3 --- Seq Sequential number
9- 20 A12 --- Name Cluster name
23- 28 A6 --- Sequence Einstein Observatory Sequence (G1)
30 A1 --- l_Rcool Limit flag on Rcool
31- 35 F5.1 kpc Rcool Cooling radius
37 A1 --- lERcool Limit flag on E_Rcool (2)
38- 42 F5.1 kpc E_Rcool Error on Rcool (upper limit)
44 A1 --- leRcool Limit flag on E_Rcool (2)
45- 49 F5.1 kpc e_Rcool Error on Rcool (lower limit)
51 A1 --- l_dM/dt Limit flag on dM/dt (2)
52- 56 F5.1 solMass/yr dM/dt Mass loss of the cooling flow
58 A1 --- lEdM/dt Limit flag on E_dM/dt (2)
59- 63 F5.1 solMass/yr E_dM/dt Error on dM/dt (upper limit)
65 A1 --- ledM/dt Limit flag on e_dM/dt (2)
66- 70 F5.1 solMass/yr e_dM/dt Error on dM/dt (lower limit)
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Note (1): The entries are ordered by decreasing dM/dt (Rank number),
and may contain multiple entries for a single cluster if both IPC and
HRI data are available, and indicate a cooling flow (then n_Rank = b).
Note (2): The occurence of '>' symbol indicates (usually for HRI results)
that the outer radius of the deprojection is not large enough that
tcool increase above t0, and therefore the numbers are quoted at the
radius Rout.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 ---- Name Cluster name
14- 20 F7.2 10+33W LHa ? Hα luminosity
22- 27 F6.3 --- tcool ? Cooling time, in Ho-1 unit
29- 34 F6.3 --- E_tcool ? Error in tcool (upper limit)
36- 41 F6.3 --- e_tcool ? Error in tcool (lower limit)
43- 45 I3 solMass/yr dM/dt ? Mass loss
47- 49 I3 solMass/yr E_dM/dt ? Error in dM/dt (upper limit)
51- 53 I3 solMass/yr e_dM/dt ? Error in dM/dt (lower limit)
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Einstein Observatory Sequence:
I for IPC data (Cat. IX/25)
H for HRI data (Cat. IX/24)
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Acknowledgements:
Heinz Andernach (catalog A427 in his collection)
(End) Patricia Bauer [CDS] 30-Nov-2003