J/MNRAS/424/3178 Pre-main-sequence isochrones. Pleiades benchmark (Bell+, 2012)
Pre-main-sequence isochrones. I. The Pleiades benchmark.
Bell C.P.M., Naylor T., Mayne N.J., Jeffries R.D., Littlefair S.P.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 424, 3178-3191 (2012)>
=2012MNRAS.424.3178B 2012MNRAS.424.3178B
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open ; Stars, pre-main sequence ; Photometry ;
Isochrones
Keywords: techniques: photometric - stars: evolution -
stars: fundamental parameters -
Hertzsprung-Russell and colour-magnitude diagrams -
stars: pre-main-sequence - open clusters and associations: general
Abstract:
We present a critical assessment of commonly used pre-main-sequence
isochrones by comparing their predictions to a set of well-calibrated
colour-magnitude diagrams of the Pleiades in the wavelength range
0.4-2.5um. Our analysis shows that for temperatures less
than 4000K, the models systematically overestimate the flux by a
factor of 2 at 0.5um, though this decreases with wavelength, becoming
negligible at 2.2um. In optical colours this will result in the ages
for stars younger than 10Myr being underestimated by factors of
between 2 and 3.
We show that using observations of standard stars to transform the
data into a standard system can introduce significant errors in the
positioning of pre-main sequences in colour-magnitude diagrams.
Therefore, we have compared the models to the data in the natural
photometric system in which the observations were taken. Thus we have
constructed and tested a model of the system responses for the
Wide-Field Camera on the Isaac Newton Telescope.
As a benchmark test for the development of pre-main-sequence models,
we provide both our system responses and the Pleiades sequence.
Description:
Our observations are a subset of a large survey of pre-MS clusters
(the remainder of which will be published in an upcoming paper; Bell
et al., in preparation) and were obtained using the 2.5-m Isaac Newton
Telescope (INT) on La Palma. The first set of observations were taken
during 2007 October 21-26 with the second run during 2008 September
13-19.
24-Jan-2024:
This is an updated version of the catalogue correcting a bug whereby
some stars within about 3 arcseconds of each other were merged into a
single object in the final catalogue. Since the resulting object
always had the position of the brighter star, this resulted in a star
whose magnitude was too faint. The bug was fixed by using a smaller
radius search to define which stars in different observations were
likely to be the same star (1 arcsec vs 3 arcsec). Using this smaller
radius required better astrometry than that of the original catalogue,
so the astrometry was re-run using Gaia (rather than 2MASS) as the
reference, although without proper motion correction.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 222 66939 The full Pleiades photometric catalogue with
colours and magnitudes in the natural INT/WFC
photometric system (includes also table5)
(24-Jan-2024 version)
table4.dat 146 12142 The transformed Stripe 82 standard star catalogue
with colours and magnitudes in the natural
INT/WFC photometric system
table5.dat 222 179 The catalogue of colours and magnitudes in the
natural INT/WFC photometric system for
Pleiades members
table3.dat 132 29 The calculated transformations between the SDSS
and INT/WFC photometric systems for unreddened
Main-Sequence stars
table6.dat 52 127 The Pleiades single-star sequence in the
INT/WFC and 2MASS bandpasses
tablea1.dat 14 182 Normalized INT/WFC system response
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
J/MNRAS/380/712 : ZYJHK photometry in Pleiades (Lodieu+, 2007)
Byte-by-byte Description of file (#): table[25].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 F5.2 --- Field Field designation
7- 11 I5 --- ID Identification number
13- 14 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000.0)
16- 17 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000.0)
19- 24 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000.0)
26 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000.0)
27- 28 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000.0)
30- 31 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000.0)
33- 37 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000.0)
39- 46 F8.3 pix Xpos X position
48- 55 F8.3 pix Ypos Y position
57- 63 F7.3 mag gmag ?=-99.999 INT/WFC g magnitude
65- 71 F7.3 mag e_gmag []?=-99.999 rms uncertainty on gmag
73 A1 --- --- [O]
74 A1 --- q_gmag Quality flag on gmag, O=OK (G1)
76- 82 F7.3 mag g-i ?=-99.999 INT/WFC g-i colour index
84- 89 F6.3 mag e_g-i ?=-9.999 rms uncertainty on g-i
91- 92 A2 --- q_g-i Quality flags on g,i, OO=OK (G1)
94-100 F7.3 mag U-g ?=-99.999 INT/WFC (U-g) colour index
102-107 F6.3 mag e_U-g ?=-9.999 rms uncertainty on U-g
109-110 A2 --- q_U-g Quality flags on U,g, OO=OK (G1)
112-118 F7.3 mag r-i ?=-99.999 INT/WFC (r-i) colour index
120-125 F6.3 mag e_r-i ?=-9.999 rms uncertainty on r-i
127-128 A2 --- q_r-i Quality flags on r,i, OO=OK (G1)
130-136 F7.3 mag i-Z ?=-99.999 INT/WFC (i-Z) colour index
138-143 F6.3 mag e_i-Z ?=-9.999 rms uncertainty on i-Z
145-146 A2 --- q_i-Z Quality flags on i,Z, OO=OK (G1)
148-154 F7.3 mag Umag ?=-99.999 INT/WFC U magnitude
156-162 F7.3 mag e_Umag []?=-99.999 rms uncertainty on Umag
164 A1 --- --- [OA]
165 A1 --- q_Umag Quality flag on Umag, O=OK (G1)
167-173 F7.3 mag rmag ?=-99.999 INT/WFC r magnitude
175-181 F7.3 mag e_rmag []?=-99.999 rms uncertainty on rmag
183 A1 --- --- [OA]
184 A1 --- q_rmag Quality flag on rmag, O=OK (G1)
186-192 F7.3 mag imag ?=-99.999 INT/WFC i magnitude
194-200 F7.3 mag e_imag []?=-99.999 rms uncertainty on imag
202 A1 --- --- [OA]
203 A1 --- q_imag Quality flag on imag, O=OK (G1)
205-211 F7.3 mag Zmag ?=-99.999 INT/WFC Z magnitude
213-219 F7.3 mag e_Zmag []?=-99.999 rms uncertainty on Zmag
221 A1 --- --- [OA]
222 A1 --- q_Zmag Quality flag on Zmag, O=OK (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 I5 K Teff Effective temperature
7- 10 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg surface gravity
12- 23 F12.9 mag Dg g magnitude difference, INT/WFC-SDSS
25- 36 F12.9 mag D(g-i) g-i colour index difference, INT/WFC-SDSS
38- 50 F13.10 mag (g-i) SDSS g-i colour index
52- 63 F12.9 mag D(u-g) u-g colour index difference, INT/WFC-SDSS
65- 75 F11.9 mag (u-g) SDSS u-g colour index
77- 90 F14.11 mag D(r-i) r-i colour index difference, INT/WFC-SDSS
92-104 F13.10 mag (r-i) SDSS r-i colour index
106-119 F14.11 mag D(i-z) i-z colour index difference, INT/WFC-SDSS
121-132 F12.9 mag (i-z) SDSS i-z colour index
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 F5.2 --- Field Field
7- 11 I5 --- ID Identification number
13- 14 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000.0)
16- 17 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000.0)
19- 24 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000.0)
26 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000.0)
27- 28 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000.0)
30- 31 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000.0)
33- 37 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000.0)
39- 46 F8.3 pix Xpos [0] X position
48- 55 F8.3 pix Ypos [0] Y position
57- 63 F7.3 mag gmag INT/WFC g magnitude
65- 71 F7.3 mag e_gmag rms uncertainty on gmag
73 A1 --- --- [OA]
74 A1 --- q_gmag Quality flag on gmag, O=OK (G1)
76- 82 F7.3 mag g-i INT/WFC g-i colour index
84- 89 F6.3 mag e_g-i rms uncertainty on g-i
91- 92 A2 --- q_g-i Quality flag on g-i, OO=OK (G1)
94-100 F7.3 mag U-g INT/WFC (U-g) colour index
102-107 F6.3 mag e_U-g rms uncertainty on e_U-g
109-110 A2 --- q_U-g Quality flag on U-g, OO=OK (G1)
112-118 F7.3 mag r-i INT/WFC (r-i) colour index
120-125 F6.3 mag e_r-i rms uncertainty on e_r-i
127-128 A2 --- q_r-i Quality flag on r-i, OO=OK (G1)
130-136 F7.3 mag i-Z INT/WFC (i-Z) colour index
138-143 F6.3 mag e_i-Z rms uncertainty on e_i-Z
145-146 A2 --- q_i-Z Quality flag on i-Z, OO=OK (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 F6.3 mag gmag ? INT/WFC g magnitude
9- 14 F6.3 mag rmag ? INT/WFC r magnitude
17- 22 F6.3 mag imag ? INT/WFC i magnitude
25- 30 F6.3 mag Zmag ? INT/WFC Z magnitude
33- 38 F6.3 mag Jmag ? 2MASS J magnitude
40- 45 F6.3 mag Hmag ? 2MASS H magnitude
47- 52 F6.3 mag Ksmag ? 2MASS Ks magnitude
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Filter [UgriZ] INT/WFC Filter name
3- 7 I5 0.1nm lambda Wavelength λ (Å)
10- 14 F5.3 --- R [0/1] Filter normalized response
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Global notes:
Note (G1): Quality flag (2 flags for a color index):
O = O.K. (clean detection)
A = Absent input data
B = Background fit failed [unused]
C = Large relative transparency correction (cloudy) [unused]
E = Too close to CCD edge
F = Flagged pixel
I = Ill-determined background [unused]
M = Negative (minus) counts
N = Non-stellar
P = Position fit failed [unused]
R = Uncalibrated region
S = Saturated
V = Variable
H = poor profile correction in the optimal photometry reduction
L = a star has been identified with counts above the pixel linearity
limit on the CCD during the pixel flagging procedure
W = photometry taken at a random position to test for the effects of
crowding in the field.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
13-May-2013: From electronic version of the journal
24-Jan-2024: table2 updated
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 13-May-2013