J/MNRAS/435/1671   SCUBA-2 850um survey in σ Ori cluster (Williams+, 2013)
A SCUBA-2 850-µm survey of protoplanetary discs in the σ Orionis
cluster.
    Williams J.P., Cieza L.A., Andrews S.M., Coulson I.M., Barger A.J.,
    Casey C.M., Chen C.-C., Cowie L.L., Koss M., Lee N., Sanders D.B.
   <Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 435, 1671-1679 (2013)>
   =2013MNRAS.435.1671W 2013MNRAS.435.1671W
ADC_Keywords: Associations, stellar ; Photometry, millimetric/submm
Keywords: protoplanetary discs - submillimetre: stars
Abstract:
    We present the results from a large 850um survey of the σ
    Orionis cluster using the SCUBA-2 camera on the James Clerk Maxwell
    Telescope. The 0.5 diameter circular region we surveyed contains 297
    young stellar objects with an age estimated at about 3Myr. We detect
    nine of these objects, eight of which have infrared excesses from an
    inner disc. We also serendipitously detect three non-stellar sources
    at >5σ that are likely background submillimetre galaxies. The
    nine detected stars have inferred disc masses ranging from 5 to about
    17MJup, assuming similar dust properties as Taurus discs and an
    interstellar medium gas-to-dust ratio of 100. There is a net positive
    signal towards the positions of the individually undetected infrared
    excess sources indicating a mean disc mass of 0.5MJup. Stacking the
    emission towards those stars without infrared excesses constrains
    their mean disc mass to less than 0.3MJup, or an equivalent Earth
    mass in dust. The submillimetre luminosity distribution is
    significantly different from that in the younger Taurus region,
    indicating disc mass evolution as star-forming regions age and the
    infrared excess fraction decreases. Submillimetre Array observations
    reveal CO emission towards four sources demonstrating that some, but
    probably not much, molecular gas remains in these relatively evolved
    discs. These observations provide new constraints on the dust and gas
    mass of protoplanetary discs during the giant planet building phase
    and provide a reference level for future studies of disc evolution.
Description:
    We observed a circular region with diameter 0.5° (about the
    diameter of the full Moon) towards the sigma Orionis cluster at 850um.
    The data were taken in queue mode over numerous observing runs from
    2011 October to 2013 January (programme IDs: M11BH02A, M12AH02A and
    M12BH47A) in median (JCMT band 3) weather conditions, defined by the
    zenith optical depths at 225GHz lying between 0.08 and 0.12. This
    corresponds to precipitable water vapour levels ∼2-3mm and zenith
    optical depths at 850um ∼0.25-0.35. The total on-source integration
    time was 31h.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 FileName   Lrecl  Records   Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe         80        .   This file
table2.dat     37      297   SCUBA-2 flux densities
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
   J/ApJ/662/1067 : Spitzer observations of sigma Orionis (Hernandez+, 2007)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label     Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4  I4    ---     [HHM2007] Identification number (1)
   6-  8  A3    ---     Class     YSO class (1)
  10- 17  F8.5  deg     RAdeg     Right ascension (J2000)
  19- 26  F8.5  deg     DEdeg     Declination (J2000)
  28- 32  F5.2  mJy     F850      SCUBA flux density at 850um
  34- 37  F4.2  mJy   e_F850      rms uncertainty on F859
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): from Hernandez et al., 2007ApJ...662.1067H 2007ApJ...662.1067H, Cat. J/ApJ/662/1067.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
    From electronic version of the journal
(End)                                      Patricia Vannier [CDS]    26-Sep-2014