J/MNRAS/443/2561 CONCH-SHELL catalog of nearby M dwarfs (Gaidos+, 2014)
Trumpeting M dwarfs with CONCH-SHELL:
a catalogue of nearby cool host-stars for habitable exoplanets and life.
Gaidos E., Mann A.W., Lepine S., Buccino A., James D., Ansdell M.,
Petrucci R., Mauas P., Hilton E.J.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 443, 2561-2578 (2014)>
=2014MNRAS.443.2561G 2014MNRAS.443.2561G
ADC_Keywords: Stars, nearby ; Stars, M-type ; Photometry, SDSS ;
Photometry, infrared ; Equivalent widths
Keywords: astrobiology - techniques: spectroscopic -
planets and satellites: detection - stars: fundamental parameters -
stars: late-type - stars: low-mass
Abstract:
We present an all-sky catalogue of 2970 nearby (d≲50pc), bright (J<9)
M- or late K-type dwarf stars, 86% of which have been confirmed by
spectroscopy. This catalogue will be useful for searches for
Earth-size and possibly Earth-like planets by future space-based
transit missions and ground-based infrared Doppler radial velocity
surveys. Stars were selected from the SUPERBLINK proper motion
catalogue (Cat. I/298) according to absolute magnitudes, spectra, or
a combination of reduced proper motions and photometric colours. From
our spectra, we determined gravity-sensitive indices, and identified
and removed 0.2% of these as interloping hotter or evolved stars. 13%
of the stars exhibit Hα emission, an indication of stellar
magnetic activity and possible youth. The mean metallicity is
[Fe/H]=-0.07 with a standard deviation of 0.22dex, similar to nearby
solar-type stars. We determined stellar effective temperatures by
least-squares fitting of spectra to model predictions calibrated by
fits to stars with established bolometric temperatures, and estimated
radii, luminosities, and masses using empirical relations. 6% of stars
with images from integral field spectra are resolved doubles. We
inferred the planet population around M dwarfs using Kepler data and
applied this to our catalogue to predict detections by future
exoplanet surveys.
Description:
Lepinet et al. 2011 (J/AJ/142/138) selected candidate M dwarfs as
stars that were (i) bright (J<10), (ii) red (V-J>2.7), (iii) had
absolute magnitudes or reduced proper motions, proxies for absolute
magnitudes, consistent with the main sequence and (iv) infrared Two
Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS; Skrutskie et al. 2006, Cat. II/246)
JHKS colours that are consistent with M dwarfs.
In this work, we constructed a revised catalogue of J<9 M dwarfs
using modified criteria and new photometry from APASS.
Spectroscopic observations with a resolution if ∼1000 were achieved at
the SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph (SNIFS) on the University of
Hawaii 2.2m telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii, the Mark III spectrograph
and Boller & Chivens CCDS spectrograph (CCDS) on the 1.3m McGraw-Hill
telescope at the MDM Observatory on Kitt Peak, Arizona, the REOSC
spectrograph on the 2.15m Jorge Sahade telescope at the Complejo
Astronomico El Leoncito Observatory (CASLEO), Argentina, and the RC
spectrograph on the 1.9m Radcliffe telescope at the South African
Astronomical Observatory. We obtained a total of 3071 spectra of 2583
stars or 86% of the catalog over the span 2002-2014 of more than 11
years. 425 stars were observed twice, 14 stars were observed thrice,
and 6 stars had more than four observations.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 89 2974 CONCH-SHELL Catalog (Minimal)
table3.dat 376 2974 CONCH-SHELL Catalog (Full)
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See also:
I/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005)
J/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 A2 --- --- [PM]
4- 16 A13 --- PM SUPERBLINK name (IHHMMm+DDMMW)
18- 19 I2 h RAh Right Ascension J2000 (hours)
21- 22 I2 min RAm Right Ascension J2000 (minutes)
24- 27 F4.1 s RAs [0/60] Right Ascension J2000 (seconds)
29 A1 --- DE- Declination J2000 (sign)
30- 31 I2 deg DEd Declination J2000 (degrees)
33- 34 I2 arcmin DEm Declination J2000 (minutes)
36- 37 I2 arcsec DEs Declination J2000 (seconds)
39- 43 F5.2 --- Vmag [6/18] V magnitude
45- 48 F4.2 --- Jmag [3/9] J magnitude
50- 54 F5.1 pc d [1/92]?=0 Distance (pc)
56 A1 --- q_PM [A-D] Selection class (G1)
58- 59 A2 --- SpT Spectral type (?? = uncertain)
61- 65 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] [-1/0.6]?=99.99 Metallicitiy [Fe/H]
67- 70 I4 K Teff [863/4803] Effective temperature
72 A1 --- l_R [-] Upper limit flag on R
73- 76 F4.2 Rsun R [0.1/0.8] Star radius
78 A1 --- l_L [-] Upper limit flag on L
79- 83 F5.3 Lsun L [0.003/0.3] Luminosity
85 A1 --- l_M [-] Upper limit flag on M
86- 89 F4.2 Msun M [0.1/0.8] Star mass
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 A2 --- --- [PM]
4- 16 A13 --- PM SUPERBLINK name (IHHMMm+DDMMW)
18- 23 I6 --- HIP ?=0 Hipparcos number
25- 28 I4 --- TYC1 ?=0 Tycho number 1
30- 33 I4 --- TYC2 ?=0 Tycho number 2
35 I1 --- TYC3 ?=0 Tycho number 3
37- 38 I2 h RAh Right Ascension J2000 (hours)
40- 41 I2 min RAm Right Ascension J2000 (minutes)
43- 46 F4.1 s RAs [0/60] Right Ascension J2000 (seconds)
48 A1 --- DE- Declination J2000 (sign)
49- 50 I2 deg DEd Declination J2000 (degrees)
52- 53 I2 arcmin DEm Declination J2000 (minutes)
55- 56 I2 arcsec DEs Declination J2000 (seconds)
58- 63 F6.4 arcsec plx [0.01/0.78]?=0 Parallax
65- 70 F6.4 arcsec e_plx [0.0001/0.05]?=0 Eror in parallax
72- 75 A4 --- r_plx Source of the parallax (2)
77- 82 F6.3 arcsec/yr pmRA [-4.5/6.6] Proper motion in RA
84- 89 F6.3 arcsec/yr pmDE [-5.8/11] Proper motion in DE
91- 95 F5.2 mag Vmag1 V magnitude from literature
97-101 A5 --- r_Vmag1 Source of V magnitude
103-107 F5.2 mag Bmag ?=0 APASS B magnitude
109-113 F5.2 mag e_Bmag ?=0 Error in APASS B magnitude
115-119 F5.2 mag Vmag ?=0 APASS V magnitude
121-125 F5.2 mag e_Vmag ?=0 Error in APASS V magnitude
127-131 F5.2 mag gmag ?=0 APASS g-prime magnitude
133-137 F5.2 mag e_gmag ?=0 Error in APASS g-prime magnitude
139-143 F5.2 mag rmag ?=0 APASS r-prime magnitude
145-149 F5.2 mag e_rmag ?=0 Error in APASS r-prime magnitude
151-155 F5.2 mag imag ?=0 APASS i-prime magnitude
157-161 F5.2 mag e_imag ?=0 Error in APASS i-prime magnitude
163-167 F5.3 mag Jmag 2MASS J magnitude
169-173 F5.3 mag e_Jmag ?=0 Error in 2MASS J magnitude
175-179 F5.3 mag Hmag ?=0 2MASS H magnitude
181-185 F5.3 mag e_Hmag ?=0 Error in 2MASS H magnitude
187-191 F5.3 mag Ksmag ?=0 2MASS Ks magnitude
193-197 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag ?=0 Error in 2MASS Ks magnitude
199 A1 --- q_PM [A-D] Selection class (G1)
201-202 A2 --- SpT Spectral type (?? = uncertain)
204 A1 --- m_PM [EMS] Multiplicity flag: S=single, M=multiple,
E=elongated
206-210 F5.3 --- TiO5 [0.18/1.05]?=0 TiO5 index
212-216 F5.3 --- e_TiO5 [0.001/0.04]?=0 Error in TiO5 index
218-222 F5.3 --- CaH2 [0.21/1.109]?=0 CaH2 index
224-228 F5.3 --- e_CaH2 [0.001/0.02]?=0 Error in CaH2 index
230-234 F5.3 --- CaH3 [0.47/1.034]?=0 CaH3 index
236-240 F5.3 --- e_CaH3 [0.001/0.03]?=0 Error in CaH3 index
242-247 F6.2 0.1nm EWBaII [-41/3.68]?=0 BaII equivalent width (Å)
249-254 F6.2 0.1nm e_EWBaII [0.05/2.7]?=0 Error in EWBaII
256-261 F6.3 0.1nm EWNaI [-1.1/3.6]?=0 NaI equivalent width (Å)
263-268 F6.3 0.1nm e_EWNaI [0.03/1.1]?=0 Error in EWNaI
270-275 F6.3 0.1nm EWKI [-0.764/7.31]?=0 KI equivalent width (Å)
277-282 F6.3 0.1nm e_EWKI [0.012/0.328]?=0 Error in EWKI
284-289 F6.2 0.1nm EWHa [-4.1/96]?=0 Hα equivalent width (Å)
291-296 F6.2 0.1nm e_EWHa [0.02/18]?=0 Error in EWHa
298-302 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] [-1/0.6]?=0 Metallicity [Fe/H]
304-308 F5.2 [Sun] e_[Fe/H] [0.11/0.15]?=0 Error in [Fe/H]
310-313 I4 K Teff [863/4803] Effective temperature
315-317 I3 K e_Teff [40/375] Error in effective temperature
319-321 A3 --- n_Teff Origin of effective temperature: PHX=PHOENIX
model fit, V-J=V-J color
323 A1 --- l_R [-] Upper limit flag on R
324-327 F4.2 Rsun R Star radius
329-332 F4.2 Rsun e_R ?=0 Error in radius
334 A1 --- l_L [-] Upper limit flag on L
335-339 F5.3 Lsun L Star luminosity
341-346 F6.3 Lsun e_L ?=0 Error in luminosity
348 A1 --- l_M [-] Upper limit flag on M
349-352 F4.2 Msun M Star mass
354-357 F4.2 Msun e_M ?=0 Error in M
359-374 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS ID
376 I1 --- fl [0/3] APASS / 2MASS flags (3)
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Note (2): Parallaxes are from the following references:
Co05 = Costa at al. (2005AJ....130..337C 2005AJ....130..337C)
Co06 = Costa et al. (2006AJ....132.1234C 2006AJ....132.1234C)
Di14 = Dittman et al. (2014ApJ...784..156D 2014ApJ...784..156D)
Ga08 = Gatewood (2008AJ....136..452G 2008AJ....136..452G, Cat. J/AJ/136/452)
Ga09 = Gatewood & Coban (2009AJ....137..402G 2009AJ....137..402G)
Ha93 = Harrington et al. (1993AJ....105.1571H 1993AJ....105.1571H, Cat. J/AJ/105/1571)
He06 = Henry et al. (2006AJ....132.2360H 2006AJ....132.2360H)
Ja05 = Jao et al. (2005AJ....129.1954J 2005AJ....129.1954J)
Ja11 = Jao et al. (2011AJ....141..117J 2011AJ....141..117J)
Kh10 = Khrutskaya et al. (2010AstL...36..576K 2010AstL...36..576K)
MC99 = McCook et al. (1999ApJS..121....1M 1999ApJS..121....1M, Cat. III/210, III/235)
My02 = Myers et al. (2002 SKY2000 Catalog, Cat. V/145)
Ri10 = Riedel et al (2010AJ....140..897R 2010AJ....140..897R)
Sm07 = Smart et al. (2007A&A...464..787S 2007A&A...464..787S)
VA95 = van Altena et al. (1995, Gen. Cat. Trig. Parall., 4th ed., Cat. I/238)
VL07 = van Leuuwen (2007A&A...474..653V 2007A&A...474..653V, Cat. I/311, Hipparcos)
Note (3): Flag values:
1 = more than one APASS source within 2.5arcsec
2 = nearest 2MASS source more than 1arcsec away
3 = 1 and 2
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Global Notes!
Note (G1): Stars in all 4 classs have J<9, V-J>2.7, and detectable proper
motions. The four classes, in order of decreasing confidence, are:
A = stars which are spectroscopically confirmed M dwarfs in Lepine et al.
2013 (J/AJ/142/138) or have absolute magnitudes that are not brighter
than 3σ above the main sequence, and at least 3σ fainter
than MV=4.2, our criterion for evolved stars (1943 stars)
B = stars which do not have parallaxes but have reduced proper motions
fainter than the selection limit for M dwarfs (857 stars)
C = stars which are not A- or B-class, but have MV or HV compatible
with M dwarfs. These could be stars with large errors in V or J,
unresolved binaries, or young M dwarfs that are more luminous than
the main sequence (102 stars)
D = stars which are not A-C classes, lack parallax measurements, have HV
satisfying the M-dwarf selection criterion of B-class stars, but have
J-Ks , g-r, or r-J colors that are inconsistent with M dwarfs. These
could be dwarf stars that have errors in photometry, or are flaring or
rotationally variable stars with photometry in different bandpasses
obtained at different epochs (93 stars)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Eric Gaidos [Univ. Hawaii], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 16-Apr-2015