J/MNRAS/458/84 Host galaxies of Superluminous Supernovae (Angus+, 2016)
A Hubble Space Telescope survey of the host galaxies of
Superluminous Supernovae.
Angus C.R., Levan A.J., Perley D.A., Tanvir N.R., Lyman J.D., Stanway E.R.,
Fruchter A.S.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 458, 84-104 (2016)>
=2016MNRAS.458...84A 2016MNRAS.458...84A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, nearby ; Supernovae ; Photometry, infrared ;
Photometry, ultraviolet ; Photometry, HST
Keywords: supernovae: general - galaxies: dwarf -
galaxies: luminosity function, mass function - galaxies: starburst
Abstract:
We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 UV and
near-IR (nIR) imaging of 21 Superluminous Supernovae (SLSNe) host
galaxies, providing a sensitive probe of star formation and stellar
mass within the hosts. Comparing the photometric and morphological
properties of these host galaxies with those of core-collapse
supernovae (CCSNe) and long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), we find
SLSN hosts are fainter and more compact at both UV and nIR
wavelengths, in some cases we barely recover hosts with absolute
magnitude around MV~=-14. With the addition of ground based
optical observations and archival results, we produce spectral energy
distribution fits to these hosts, and show that SLSN hosts possess
lower stellar mass and star formation rates. This is most pronounced
for the hydrogen deficient Type-I SLSN hosts, although Type-II H-rich
SLSN host galaxies remain distinct from the bulk of CCSNe, spanning a
remarkably broad range of absolute magnitudes, with ∼30 per cent of
SLSNe-II arising from galaxies fainter than MnIR~-14. The
detection of our faintest SLSN hosts increases the confidence that
SLSNe-I hosts are distinct from those of LGRBs in star formation rate
and stellar mass, and suggests that apparent similarities in
metallicity may be due to the limited fraction of hosts for which
emission line metallicity measurements are feasible. The broad range
of luminosities of SLSN-II hosts is difficult to describe by
metallicity cuts, and does not match the expectations of any
reasonable UV-weighted luminosity function, suggesting additional
environmental constraints are likely necessary to yield hydrogen rich
SLSNe.
Description:
Here we use nIR and rest-frame UV observations of a sample of 21 SLSN
host galaxies, within a redshift range of 0.019<z<1.19
(SN 2006gy -> SCP 06F6).
This HST sample (programme GO-13025; PI: Levan) comprised 21 targets,
based on the sample of Neill et al. (2011ApJ...727...15N 2011ApJ...727...15N),
supplemented with luminous SNe from the literature (up to 2012 Jan).
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 90 31 SLSN host sample used within this paper, listing
positions, redshifts and observations used
within this study
table2.dat 113 26 Apparent and absolute magnitudes of SLSN hosts
observed with HST in nIR (F160W), rest-frame UV
(F275W, F336W or F390W) and optical bands
tablea1.dat 27 24 SLSNe discovery images used for carrying out
astrometry and identifying host galaxies
tablea2.dat 82 17 CCSNe comparison sample selected from the GOODs
survey, for which we carry out photometric
measurements, with redshifts and positions
included (nIR)
tablea3.dat 44 26 LGRB subsample from SNAPSHOT survey
tablea4.dat 79 70 UV data
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- SLSN Name (SNYYYYaa or PTFYYaaa or SCPYYFN) (1)
11- 18 A8 --- Class Classification
20- 24 F5.3 --- z Redshift
26- 27 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
29- 30 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
32- 37 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
39 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
40- 41 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
43- 44 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
46- 50 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
53- 57 A5 --- FiltUV UV filter name
59- 62 I4 s TexpUV ?=- Exposure time in FiltUV filter
64- 68 A5 --- FiltOpt Optical filter name (2)
70- 73 I4 s TexpOpt ?=- Exposure time in FiltOpt filter
75- 79 A5 --- FiltnIR NIR filter name
81- 84 I4 s TexpnIR ?=- Exposure time in FiltnIR filter
86- 90 A5 --- Ref References (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Note that PTF10hgi and PTF11rks are also sometimes referred to by
their IAU designations of SN 2010md and SN 2011kg respectively.
Note (2): Optical imaging with r" filter obtained with the WHT, B and R band
imaging using the Keck I 10m Telescope and additional R band imaging obtained
with VLT.
Note (3): References as follows:
1 = Richardson et al. (2002AJ....123..745R 2002AJ....123..745R) (classification uncertain)
2 = Hamuy et al. (2003Natur.424..651H 2003Natur.424..651H)
3 = Gal-Yam (2012Sci...337..927G 2012Sci...337..927G)
4 = Schmidt et al. (2000IAUC.7516R...1D 2000IAUC.7516R...1D)
5 = Quimby et al. (2007ApJ...668L..99Q 2007ApJ...668L..99Q)
6 = Smith et al. ( 2007ApJ...666.1116S 2007ApJ...666.1116S )
7 = Ofek et al. (2007ApJ...659L..13O 2007ApJ...659L..13O)
8 = Leloudas et al. (2012, 2015)
9 = Barbary et al. (2009, Cat. J/ApJ/690/1358)
10 = Gal-Yam et al. (2009Natur.462..624G 2009Natur.462..624G)
11 = Chatzopoulos et al. (2011, Cat. J/ApJ/729/143)
12 = Miller et al. (2009ApJ...690.1303M 2009ApJ...690.1303M)
13 = Gezari et al. (2009ApJ...690.1313G 2009ApJ...690.1313G)
14 = Drake et al. (2010ApJ...718L.127D 2010ApJ...718L.127D)
15 = Quimby et al. (2011Natur.474..484Q 2011Natur.474..484Q)
16 = Inserra et al. (2013ApJ...770..128I 2013ApJ...770..128I)
17 = Quimby et al. (2010ATel.2979....1Q 2010ATel.2979....1Q)
18 = Quimby et al. (2011ATel.3465....1Q 2011ATel.3465....1Q)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- SLSN Name
10 A1 --- l_UVmag Limit flag on UVmag
11- 15 F5.2 mag UVmag ?=- Apparent UV magnitude (AB)
17- 21 F5.3 mag e_UVmag ? rms uncertainty on UVmag (AB)
23 A1 --- l_UVMAG Limit flag on UVMAG
24- 30 F7.3 mag UVMAG ?=- Absolute UV magnitude (AB)
32- 36 F5.3 mag e_UVMAG ? rms uncertainty on UVMAG (AB)
37 A1 --- l_optmag Limit flag on optmag
38- 42 F5.2 mag optmag ?=- Apparent optical magnitude (AB)
44- 47 F4.2 mag e_optmag ? rms uncertainty on optmag (AB)
48 A1 --- n_optmag [abc] Code for optical filter (1)
50 A1 --- l_optMAG Limit flag on optMAG
51- 57 F7.3 mag optMAG ?=- Absolute optical magnitude (AB)
59- 62 F4.2 mag e_optMAG ? rms uncertainty on optMAG (AB)
63 A1 --- n_optMAG [abc] Code for optical filter (1)
65 A1 --- l_nIRmag Limit flag on nIR magnitude
66- 71 F6.3 mag nIRmag ?=- nIR magnitude (AB)
73- 77 F5.3 mag e_nIRmag ? rms uncertainty on nIRmag (AB)
79 A1 --- l_nIRMAG Limit flag on nIRMAG
80- 86 F7.3 mag nIRMAG ?=- Absolute nIR magnitude (AB)
88- 92 F5.3 mag e_nIRMAG ? rms uncertainty on nIRMAG (AB)
94- 98 F5.2 kpc r80 ?=- Linear radius containing 80 per cent of the
total flux from the host within the nIR F160W
image
100-103 F4.2 kpc e_r80 ? rms uncertainty on r80
105-108 F4.2 arcsec r80a ?=- Angular radius containing 80 per cent of
the total flux from the host within the nIR
F160W image
110-113 F4.2 arcsec e_r80a ? rms uncertainty on r80
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Optical photometric bands as follows:
a = WHT (r" band)
b = VLT (R band)
c = HST ACS (F606W band)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 A9 --- SLSN Name
12- 13 I2 --- Img ?=- Image reference (1)
15- 27 A13 --- Inst Instrument
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Details for images taken from literature can be found in the
following sources:
1 = Rawlings et al. (1996Natur.383..502R 1996Natur.383..502R)
2 = ESO 59.A-9004(A), Service Mode, NTT
3 = Rezman Observatory
4 = GO-10877, PI: Li
5 = Barbary et al. (2009, Cat. J/ApJ/690/1358)
6 = Gal-Yam et al. (2009Natur.462..624G 2009Natur.462..624G)
7 = Chatzopoulos et al. (2011, Cat. J/ApJ/729/143)
8 = ToO ESO
9 = Service Mode, NTT
10 = Discovery images courtesy of PTF
11 = ToO Gemini South
12 = ToO Gemini North
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Event Event name (SNYYYYaa)
11- 14 F4.2 --- z Redshift
16- 17 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
19- 20 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
22- 27 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
29 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
30- 31 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
33- 34 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
36- 40 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
42- 48 F7.4 mag nIRmag Apparent nIR magnitude (AB)
50- 55 F6.4 mag e_nIRmag rms uncertainty on nIRmag (AB)
57- 64 F8.4 mag nIRMAG Absolute nIR magnitude (AB)
66- 71 F6.4 mag e_nIRMAG rms uncertainty on nIRMAG (AB)
74- 77 F4.2 kpc r80 Radius containing 80 per cent of the total flux
from the host within the nIR F160W image
79- 82 F4.2 kpc e_r80 rms uncertainty on r80
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- Event Event name (GRBYYMMDDA)
13- 18 F6.4 --- z Redshift
20- 21 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
23- 24 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
26- 31 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
33 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
34- 35 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
37- 38 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
40- 44 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- Event Event name (SNYYYYaa or GRBYYMMDDA)
13- 18 F6.4 --- z Redshift
20- 21 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
23- 24 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
26- 31 F6.3 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
33 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
34- 35 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
37- 38 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
40- 44 F5.2 arcsec DEs ? Declination (J2000)
46- 47 A2 --- l_UVmag [≥ ] Limit flag on UVmag
48- 53 F6.3 mag UVmag Apparent UV magnitude (AB)
55- 59 F5.3 mag e_UVmag ?=- rms uncertainty on UVmag (AB)
61- 62 A2 --- l_UVMAG [≥ ] Limit flag on UVMAG
63- 69 F7.3 mag UVMAG Absolute UV magnitude (AB)
71- 75 F5.3 mag e_UVMAG ?=- rms uncertainty on UVMAG (AB)
77- 79 A3 --- Ref Reference (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): References (above core-collapse SNe drawn (1-3) and
below LGRBs from GHosts (4-21)) as follows:
1 = GOODS sample
2 = Sanders et al. (2012ApJ...758..132S 2012ApJ...758..132S)
3 = Lennarz, Altmann & Wiebusch (2012, Cat. J/A+A/538/A120)
4 = Savaglio et al. (2009ApJ...691..182S 2009ApJ...691..182S, and references therein)
5 = Resmi et al. (2012MNRAS.427..288R 2012MNRAS.427..288R)
6 = Hjorth et al. (2012ApJ...756..187H 2012ApJ...756..187H)
7 = Sollerman et al. (2007A&A...466..839S 2007A&A...466..839S)
8 = Perley et al. (2013, Cat. J/ApJ/778/128)
9 = Levan et al. (2007MNRAS.378.1439L 2007MNRAS.378.1439L)
10 = Cool et al. (2007GCN..6170....1C 2007GCN..6170....1C)
11 = Tanvir et al. (2010ApJ...725..625T 2010ApJ...725..625T)
12 = Kruehler et al. (2011A&A...534A.108K 2011A&A...534A.108K)
13 = McBreen et al. (2010A&A...516A..71M 2010A&A...516A..71M)
14 = Holland et al. (2010ApJ...717..223H 2010ApJ...717..223H)
15 = Vergani et al. (2011A&A...535A.127V 2011A&A...535A.127V)
16 = Starling et al. (2011MNRAS.411.2792S 2011MNRAS.411.2792S)
17 = Abazajian et al. (2009ApJS..182..543A 2009ApJS..182..543A)
18 = Perez-Ramirez et al. (2013, EAS Publ. Ser. Vol. 61, 345)
19 = Elliott et al. (2013A&A...556A..23E 2013A&A...556A..23E)
20 = Levan et al. (2014ApJ...792..115L 2014ApJ...792..115L)
21 = Schulze et al. (2014A&A...566A.102S 2014A&A...566A.102S)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 25-Nov-2016