J/MNRAS/485/2343 r-band Type Ia supernovae (Papadogiannakis+, 2019)
Characterizing the secondary maximum in the r-band for Type Ia supernovae:
diagnostic for the ejecta mass.
Papadogiannakis S., Dhawan S., Morosin R., Goobar A.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 485, 2343-2354 (2019)>
=2019MNRAS.485.2343P 2019MNRAS.485.2343P (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Supernovae ; Photometry, SDSS
Keywords: supernovae: general
Abstract:
An increase in the number of studied Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) has
demonstrated that this class of explosions has a greater diversity in
its observables than was previously assumed. The reasons (e.g. the
explosion mechanism, progenitor system) for such a diversity remain
unknown. Here, we analyse a sample of r-band light curves of SNe Ia,
focusing on their behaviour ∼2-4 weeks after maximum light, i.e. the
second maximum. We characterize the second maximum by its timing
(tr2) and the integrated flux (Fr2). We find that tr2 correlates
with the 'colour-stretch' parameter sBV , which can be used as a proxy
for 56Ni mass, and Fr2 correlates with the transparency
time-scale, t0. Using Fr2 for a sample of 199 SNe from the Palomar
Transient Factory and intermediate Palomar Transient Factory, we
evaluate a distribution on t0 for a sample of SNe Ia found in an
'untargeted' survey. Comparing this distribution to the
predictions of t0 ranges from models we find that the largest overlap
in t0 values between models and observations is for the
sub-Chandrasekhar double detonation models. We also compare our
relations between t0 and Fr2 with that from the 1D explosion models
of Goldstein & Kasen (2018ApJ...852L..33G 2018ApJ...852L..33G) and confirm that Fr2 can
be used as a diagnostic of the total ejecta mass.
Description:
In this paper we present two methods of measuring the secondary
maximum of light curves in the r-band that also work for redder bands,
e.g. the i-band. We then use the Carnegie Supernova Project (CSP-I)
(Contreras et al., 2010AJ....139..519C 2010AJ....139..519C, Cat. J/AJ/139/519; Stritzinger
et al., 2011AJ....142..156S 2011AJ....142..156S, Cat. J/AJ/142/156) and CfA supernova
programme (Hicken et al. 2009) to derive correlations that we apply to
the light-curve sample of PTF and iPTF (Papadogiannakis et al.,
2019MNRAS.483.5045P 2019MNRAS.483.5045P, Cat. J/MNRAS/483/5045) to show the distribution
of the transparency time-scale, which is a proxy for total mass.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1.dat 54 19 The parameters for the CfA SNe in the r-band
tablea2.dat 78 76 The parameters for the CSP-I SNe in the r-band
tablea3.dat 41 91 The parameters for the CfA SNe in the i-band
tablea5.dat 23 21 t0 values from the CSP-I SNe with sufficient
multi-band data
tablea6.dat 27 199 The parameters for the PTF and iPTF SNe
in the r-band
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See also:
J/AJ/139/519 : Carnegie supernova project. SNe Ia (Contreras+, 2010)
J/AJ/142/156 : The CSP (DR2): photometry of SNe Ia (Stritzinger+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/483/5045 : R-band light-curve properties of SN Ia
(Papadogiannakis+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Name Supernova name
10- 13 F4.1 d tr2 Time of the plateau or secondary maximum
in the r-band (G1)
15- 18 F4.2 d e_tr2 Error on tr2
20- 21 I2 --- Npoints Number of data points
23- 26 F4.2 --- sBV Ordering parameter (G2)
28- 31 F4.2 --- e_sBV Error on sBV
33- 34 A2 --- Branch SN type following Branch et al.
(2006PASP..118..560B 2006PASP..118..560B) classification
scheme (G3)
36- 38 A3 --- Wang SN type following Wang et al.
(2009ApJ...699L.139W 2009ApJ...699L.139W) classification
scheme (G4)
40- 44 F5.3 --- Fr2 Integrated normalized flux around the
dates of the plateau in the r-band
46- 49 F4.2 --- b_Fr2 Lower value of Fr2
51- 54 F4.2 --- B_Fr2 Upper value of Fr2
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Name Supernova name
10- 13 F4.1 d tr2 ? Time of the plateau or secondary maximum in
the r-band (G1)
15- 18 F4.2 d e_tr2 ? Error on tr2
20- 21 I2 --- Npoints ? Number of data points
23- 26 F4.2 --- sBV ? Ordering parameter (G2)
28- 31 F4.2 --- e_sBV ? Error on sBV
33- 38 A6 --- SNID Supernova subtype
40- 43 A4 --- Wang SN type following Branch et al.
(2006PASP..118..560B 2006PASP..118..560B) classification
scheme (G3)
45- 46 A2 --- Branch SN type following Wang et al.
(2009ApJ...699L.139W 2009ApJ...699L.139W) classification
scheme (G4)
48- 54 F7.5 --- zhelio ? Heliocentric redshift
56- 62 F7.1 d TmaxB ? Epoch of B-band maximum
64- 68 F5.3 --- Fr2 ? Integrated normalized flux around the dates
of the plateau in the r-band
70- 73 F4.2 --- b_Fr2 ? Lower value of Fr2
75- 78 F4.2 --- B_Fr2 ? Upper value of Fr2
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Name Supernova name
10- 14 F5.3 --- Fi2 ? Integrated normalized flux around the dates
of the plateau in the i-band
16- 21 F6.3 --- b_Fi2 ? Lower value of Fi2
23- 28 F6.3 --- B_Fi2 ? Upper value of Fi2
30- 33 F4.1 d ti2 ? Time of the plateau or secondary maximum in
the i-band (G1)
35- 38 F4.2 d e_ti2 ? Error on Ti2
40- 41 I2 --- Npoints ? Number of data points
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Name Supernova name
10- 16 F7.4 --- t0 Transparency time-scale (the epoch at which
the ejecta optical depth is unity) (1)
18- 23 F6.4 --- e_t0 Error on t0
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Note (1): It has been shown that the transparency time-scale is directly related
to the total ejecta mass (Jeffery 1999astro.ph..7015J 1999astro.ph..7015J;
Stritzinger et al. 2006A&A...450..241S 2006A&A...450..241S).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 A9 --- Name Supernova name
11- 15 F5.3 --- tr2 Time of the plateau or secondary maximum in
the r-band (G1)
17- 21 F5.3 --- b_tr2 Lower value of tr2
23- 27 F5.3 --- B_tr2 Upper value of tr2
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Global notes:
Note (G1): The time of the plateau is estimated from an average of all
Monte Carlo runs
Note (G2): In previous studies it has been shown that the ordering parameter
sBV (Burns et al. 2014ApJ...789...32B 2014ApJ...789...32B) correlates with the peak
bolometric luminosity (Hoeflich et al. 2017ApJ...846...58H 2017ApJ...846...58H).
Arnett's rule states that the instantaneous rate of energy deposition
from radioactive decay equals the output flux at maximum
(Arnett 1982ApJ...253..785A 1982ApJ...253..785A). Hence, we use the sBV parameter as a
proxy for the 56Ni mass in our analyses.
Note (G3): Branch as follows:
CN = Core-normal supernova
SS = Shallow-silicon supernova
CL = Cool supernova
BL = Broad-line supernova
Note (G4): Wang as follows:
N = Normal supernova
91T = 1991T-like supernova
HV = High-velocity supernova
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Ana Fiallos [CDS] 19-Sep-2022