J/MNRAS/488/1141 Milky Way Project DR2 bubbles & bow shocks (Jayasinghe+, 2019)
The Milky Way Project Second Data Release: Bubbles and Bow Shocks.
Jayasinghe T., Dixon D., Povich M. S., Binder B., Velasco J., Lepore D.M.,
Xu D., Offner S., Kobulnicky H.A., Anderson L.D., Kendrew S., Simpson R.J
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 488, 1141-1165 (2019)>
=2019MNRAS.488.1141J 2019MNRAS.488.1141J (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: H II regions ; Infrared sources ; Interstellar medium ;
Molecular clouds ; Stars, OB
Keywords: infrared: ISM - ISM: dust, H II regions - stars: massive -
stars: winds - methods: data analysis
Abstract:
Citizen science has helped astronomers comb through large data sets to
identify patterns and objects that are not easily found through
automated processes. The Milky Way Project (MWP), a citizen science
initiative on the Zooniverse platform, presents internet users with
infrared (IR) images from Spitzer Space Telescope Galactic plane
surveys. MWP volunteers make classification drawings on the images to
identify targeted classes of astronomical objects. We present the MWP
second data release (DR2) and an updated data reduction pipeline
written in Python. We aggregate 3 million classifications made by MWP
volunteers during the years 2012-2017 to produce the DR2 catalogue,
which contains 2600 IR bubbles and 599 candidate bow-shock driving
stars.
The reliability of bubble identifications, as assessed by comparison
to visual identifications by trained experts and scoring by a
machine-learning algorithm, is found to be a significant improvement
over DR1. We assess the reliability of IR bow shocks via comparison to
expert identifications and the colours of candidate bow-shock driving
stars in the 2MASS point-source catalogue. We hence identify
highly-reliable subsets of 1394 DR2 bubbles and 453 bow-shock driving
stars. Uncertainties on object coordinates and bubble size/shape
parameters are included in the DR2 catalog. Compared with DR1, the DR2
bubbles catalogue provides more accurate shapes and sizes. The DR2
catalogue identifies 311 new bow shock driving star candidates,
including three associated with the giant HII regions NGC 3603 and
RCW 49.
Description:
Physical parameters for 2600 visually identified infrared bubbles, and
599 bow shocks located in Spitzer GLIMPSE/MIPSGAL data.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 146 2600 DR2 bubble catalogue
table6.dat 168 599 DR2 bow shock catalogue
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See also:
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
J/MNRAS/424/2442 : Catalog of bubbles from Milky Way Project (Simpson+, 2012)
J/ApJS/227/18 : Candidate stellar bowshock nebulae from MIR
(Kobulnicky+, 2016)
J/ApJ/649/759 : Bubbles in the galactic disk (Churchwell+, 2006)
J/ApJ/670/428 : Bubbles in the galactic disk. II. (Churchwell+, 2007)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [MWP]
4- 20 A17 --- MWP Catalog identification, 2GLLLllll+BBBbbbb
22- 29 F8.4 deg GLON Galactic Longitude
31- 37 F7.4 deg GLAT Galactic Latitude
39- 42 F4.2 arcmin Disp [0.01/4.64] Dispersion of the central
coordinates
44- 48 F5.2 arcmin MajAxis [0.11/19.25] Semi-major axis
50- 54 F5.2 arcmin MinAxis [0.08/14.29] Semi-minor axis
56- 60 F5.2 arcmin Reff [0.11/16.96] Effective Radius
62- 65 F4.2 arcmin e_Reff [0.01/3.14] Error in the Effective Radius
67- 69 I3 deg theta [0/180] Orientation Angle
(from Galactic North towards increasing l)
71- 73 I3 deg e_theta [0/180] Error in the Orientation Angle
75- 79 F5.3 --- Ecc [0/1] Eccentricity of the bubble
81- 84 F4.2 --- HR2 [0/1]? V2 Hit rate (G1)
86- 90 F5.3 --- HR3 [0/1] V3 Hit rate (G1)
92 A1 --- RelFlag [RC] Reliability (G2)
94 A1 --- HierFlag [PD] Hierachy flag (3)
96-110 A15 --- IDDR1 MWP DR1 ID, Simpson et al.
(2006, Cat. J/MNRAS/424/2442),
[SPK2012] MWP1GLLLlll+BBbbbb in Simbad
112-126 A15 --- IDA14 Anderson et al. (2014, Cat. J/ApJS/212/1) ID,
[ABB2014] WISE GLLL.lll+BB.bbb in Simbad
128-131 F4.1 kpc Dist ? Kinematic Distance from Anderson et al.
(2014, Cat. J/ApJS/212/1)
133-146 A14 --- IDCW Churchwell et al. (2006, Cat. J/ApJ/649/759;
2007, Cat. J/ApJ/670/428) IDs (4)
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Note (3): Hierachy flags as follows:
P = 'parent' bubbles identified as having smaller bubbles on their rim
D = 'daughter' bubbles located within a larger bubble
Note (4): Names from Churchwell et al. (2006, Cat. J/ApJ/649/759) are
[CPA2006] WNNN and [CPA2006] WNNN in Simbad.
Names from Churchwell et al. 2007, Cat. J/ApJ/670/428) are
[CWP2007] CN NNN and [CWP2007] CS NNN in Simbad.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [MWP]
4- 20 A17 --- MWP Catalog identification, 2GLLLllll+BBBbbbb
22- 29 F8.4 deg GLON Galactic Longitude
31- 37 F7.4 deg GLAT Galactic Latitude
39- 42 F4.2 arcsec Disp [0.22/9.53]? Dispersion of the central
coordinates
44- 48 F5.3 --- HR3 [0/1]? V3 Hit rate (G1)
50 A1 --- RelFlag [RC] Reliability (G2)
52- 68 A17 --- K16ID Kobulnicky et al. (2016, Cat. J/ApJS/227/18)
Driving Star ID
([KCS2016] GLLL.llll+BB.bbbb in Simbad)
70- 86 A17 --- K16Arc Kobulnicky et al. (2016, Cat. J/ApJS/227/18)
Arc ID ([KCS2016] GLLL.llll+BB.bbbb in Simbad)
89-108 A20 --- DR2bub MWP DR2 bubble ID (MWP2GLLLllll+Bbbbbbb)
110-119 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension from 2MASS (J2000)
121-130 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination from 2MASS (J2000)
132-135 F4.2 arcsec Sep [0/10] Angular separation between the
MWP DR2 BDSC and the 2MASS source
137-141 F5.2 mag Jmag [1.3/18.2]? 2MASS J band magnitude
143-147 F5.2 mag Hmag [1.3/16.0]? 2MASS H band magnitude
149-153 F5.2 mag Ksmag [1.3/15.2]? 2MASS Ks band magnitude
155-159 F5.1 arcsec R0 [0/266.7] Angular separation between BDSC
and bowshock (5)
161-163 I3 deg PA Position angle (5)
165 A1 --- 8um Counterpart found in IRAC 8.0 micron images? (6)
167-168 A2 --- Env Environment of Shock (7)
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Note (5): The distance R0 from the putative central star to the apsis of the
candidate bowshock and the position angle (in degrees from N toward E)
of this vector in equatorial coordinates. These values were measured
by eye and carry typical uncertainties of 1.5" and 5 deg,
respectively.
Note (6): Single character designating whether the nebular object has an SST
IRAC 8.0 counterpart with a similar morphology (Y),
has no detection above background levels at this waveband (N), or
has no data from IRAC (-).
Note (7): Environment code as described in Kobulnicky et al. (2016,
Cat. J/ApJS/227/18) as follows:
I = Isolated
FH = Directly facing large HII region within 10 arcminutes
FB = Directly facing bright rimmed cloud at 8.0 microns within
several arcminutes
H = Situated within a large HII region
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Global notes:
Note (G1): An object's "hit rate" is the ratio of the number of qualifying
classifications made to the number of times the object was
seen by users on the MWP website. The hit rate gives a measure of consensus
among users that a bubble or bow shock is present in the data.
Note (G2): Reliability flags as follows:
R = objects in the more reliable sample
C = objects in the more complete sample
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Acknowledgements:
Tharindu Jayasinghe, jayasinghearachchilage.1(at)osu.edu
References:
Simpson et al., MWP DR1, 2012MNRAS.424.2442S 2012MNRAS.424.2442S, Cat. J/MNRAS/424/2442
(End) Tharindu Jayasinghe [Ohio State Univ.], Patricia Vannier [CDS] 01-Aug-2019