J/MNRAS/495/479 New radio catalogue for M83 SNR and HII regions (Russell+, 2020)
A new radio catalogue for M83: supernova remnants and H II regions.
Russell T.D., White R.L., Long K.S., Blair W.P., Soria R., Winkler P.F.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 495, 479-501 (2020)>
=2020MNRAS.495..479R 2020MNRAS.495..479R (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Radio sources ; Supernova remnants ; H II regions ;
X-ray sources ; Positional data ; Cross identifications
Keywords: catalogue - ISM: supernova remnants; H II regions -
Galaxies: individual: M83 - radio continuum: galaxies -
transients: supernovae
Abstract:
We present a new catalogue of radio sources in the face-on spiral
galaxy M83. Radio observations taken in 2011, 2015, and 2017 with the
Australia Telescope Compact Array at 5.5 and 9GHz have detected 270
radio sources. Although a small number of these sources are background
extragalactic sources, most are either HII regions or supernova
remnants (SNRs) within M83 itself. Three of the six historical
supernovae are detected, as is the very young remnant that had been
identified in a recent study, which is likely the result of a
supernova that exploded in the last ∼100yr but was missed. All of
these objects are generally fading with time. Confusion limits our
ability to measure the radio emission from a number of the SNRs in
M83, but 64 were detected in unconfused regions, and these have the
approximate power-law luminosity function that has been observed in
other galaxies. The SNRs in M83 are systematically smaller in diameter
and brighter than those that have been detected at radio wavelengths
in M33. A number of the radio sources are coincident with X-ray
sources in M83; most of these coincident sources turn out to be SNRs.
Our dual frequency observations are among the most sensitive to date
for a spiral galaxy outside the Local Group; despite this we were not
able to place realistic constraints on the spectral indices, and as a
result, it was not possible to search for SNRs based on their radio
properties alone.
Description:
M83 was observed with the ATCA on 2011 April 28, 29, and 30, 2015 June
24, 25, and 26, and 2017 November 20, 21, and 22, all under project
code C2494. Results from the 2011 observations have already been
presented by Long et al. (2014ApJS..212...21L 2014ApJS..212...21L, Cat. J/ApJS/212/21). In
this paper, we report cumulative results from the full set of
observations at all three epochs, including those from 2011.
We have presented a new, deep radio survey of M83 using three epochs
of the ATCA data at 5.5 and 9GHz. From these data, we have produced a
catalogue of radio sources in the galaxy M83 containing 270 sources,
all but four of which were detected at 4σ or greater. With a
detection limit of 14µJy, this is by far the most sensitive radio
survey of this important face-on spiral galaxy.
In addition to the general radio source catalogue, we have estimated
the radio flux directly at the positions of known optical SNRs and
known X-ray sources in M83. By visually inspecting the radio images,
we have separated the sources into those for which the radio flux
density is a meaningful measurement (or upper limit) of the radio flux
density for the source (203 of 304 SNRs and 350 of 424 X-ray sources),
and those for which the radio measurement is most likely dominated by
continuum emission from associated HII regions (101 SNRs and 74 X-ray
sources). We detect radio emission at the position of 64 SNRs and 75
X-ray sources. A large majority of the X-ray sources that are detected
as radio sources are actually SNRs.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 173 270 Catalogue of M83 radio sources
table5.dat 134 304 Forced photometry of M83 SNR candidates
table6.dat 131 424 Forced photometry of M83 X-ray sources
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See also:
J/ApJS/212/21 : A deep Chandra ACIS survey of M83 (Long+, 2014)
J/ApJS/203/8 : Optical SNR candidates in M83 (Blair+, 2012)
J/ApJ/788/55 : HST/WFC3 SNR discoveries in M83 (NGC5236) (Blair+, 2014)
J/ApJ/881/54 : Masses of SNR progenitors in M83 (Williams+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- Name Radio source name (R20-NNN) (1)
9- 10 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
12- 13 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
15- 19 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
21 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
22- 23 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
25- 26 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
28- 31 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
33- 35 A3 --- Wrn Flag indicating sources with possible
issues and also identifies likely
extragalactic sources (2)
37- 43 F7.1 uJy F5.5 Integrated flux at frequency 5.5GHz
45- 49 F5.1 uJy e_F5.5 Error on F5.5
51- 57 F7.1 uJy F9 ? Integrated flux at frequency 9.2GHz
59- 63 F5.1 uJy e_F9 ? Error on F9
65- 71 F7.1 uJy Fint Flux at pivot frequency νp
73- 77 F5.1 uJy e_Fint Error on Fint
79- 83 F5.3 GHz nup Pivot frequency where the
signal-to-noise ratio is maximum
(νp)
85 I1 --- Nbands Number of frequency bands with data (G1)
87- 90 F4.1 arcsec FWHMMa Major axis FWHM (fitted, includes
3.2x1.4 arcsec FWHM beam)
92- 94 F3.1 arcsec FWHMMi Minor axis FWHM (fitted, includes
3.2x1.4 arcsec FWHM beam)
96- 100 F5.1 deg PA Position angle of major axis
102- 104 I3 --- Island [1/270] Island number
106- 111 F6.1 uJy/beam Fpeak Flux density in peak pixel in island
from detection image
113- 117 F5.1 uJy/beam e_Fpeak Error on Fpeak
119- 126 E8.2 mW/m2 Hatot Integrated Hα flux (G2)
128- 135 E8.2 mW/m2/arcsec2 Haave Hα surface brightness
137- 149 A13 --- OName Matching source from Maddox et al.
(2006AJ....132..310M 2006AJ....132..310M) and historical
SNe
151- 152 I2 --- Sflag Flag indicating whether the association
between the radio source and the SNR is
unambiguous (3)
154- 161 A8 --- SNR1 Name of first associated supernova
remnants (4)
163- 170 A8 --- SNR2 Name of second associated supernova
remnants (4)
172- 173 I2 --- NXray Number of associated X-ray sources in
Long et al. (2014ApJS..212...21L 2014ApJS..212...21L,
Cat. J/ApJS/212/21)
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Note (1): Source name is R20 plus the island number
Note (2): Flag as follows:
W = Source below the detection threshold but having SNR or X-ray
counterparts (4/270)
n = Source in the confused nuclear region where identification of
counterparts is very difficult (14/270)
Ea = Clear optical galaxy or radio double (12/270)
Eb = Stellar counterpart without Hα emission (2/270)
Eb? = Uncertain Eb classification (2/270)
Ec = No counterpart in optical, but also no association with either
structures or dust in M83) (24/270)
Ec? = Uncertain Ec classification (2/270)
Note (3): The SNR detection flag is a bit flag where the bits mean:
1 = This source may have a match in the SNR catalog
2 = Unambiguous match: this source matches only one object from SNR catalog
8 = Mutually good match (this source is best for the other object, and the
other object is best for this source)
The most reliable matches will have flag bit 8 set. All of those will
have bit 1 set as well, and most of them will also have bit 2 set.
Note (4): SNRs are taken from Dopita et al. (2010ApJ...710..964D 2010ApJ...710..964D),
Blair et al. (2012ApJS..203....8B 2012ApJS..203....8B, Cat. J/ApJS/203/8), or
Blair et al. (2014ApJ...788...55B 2014ApJ...788...55B, Cat. J/ApJ/788/55). Multiple SNR
matches are listed in order of decreasing island overlap.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- Name SNR candidate name
10- 11 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
13- 14 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
16- 20 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
22 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
23- 24 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
26- 27 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
29- 32 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
34- 37 F4.2 kpc rho Galactocentric distance
39- 42 F4.1 pc Diam SNR diameter
44- 45 A2 --- Cl Visual classification (1)
47 A1 --- Wrn [n] Flag indicating the source is in a
confused nuclear region
49- 54 F6.1 uJy F5.5 Integrated flux at frequency 5.5GHz
56- 60 F5.1 uJy e_F5.5 Error on F5.5
62- 67 F6.1 uJy F9 ? Integrated flux at frequency 9.2GHz
69- 72 F4.1 uJy e_F9 ? Error on F9
74- 79 F6.1 uJy Fint Flux at pivot frequency νp
81- 85 F5.1 uJy e_Fint Error on Fint
87- 91 F5.3 GHz nup Pivot frequency where the
signal-to-noise ratio is maximum
(νp)
93 I1 --- Nbands Number of frequency bands with data (G1)
95- 97 I3 --- Island [1/304] Island number
99- 105 E7.2 mW/m2 Hatot Integrated Hα flux (G2)
107- 113 E7.2 mW/m2/arcsec2 Haave Hα surface brightness
115- 116 I2 --- Rflag Radio detection flag (G3)
118- 124 A7 --- Rad1 Name of first associated radio source
126- 132 A7 --- Rad2 Name of second associated radio source
134 I1 --- NXray Number of associated X-ray sources in
Long et al. (2014ApJS..212...21L 2014ApJS..212...21L,
Cat. J/ApJS/212/21)
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Note (1): Visual classification as follows:
A = Object with clear radio counterpart isolated from other sources (47/304)
Af = Object with faint/marginal but well-aligned radio source isolated from
other sources (17/304)
B = Object at the appropriate position, in a region that has some emission
that most likely arises from other sources (34/304)
C = Object in confused region of radio emission so that one cannot tell if
object is detected (105/304)
D = Isolated object but no evidence of a radio counterpart (101/304)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- Name X-ray source name (XNNN)
6- 7 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
9- 10 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
12- 16 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
18 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
19- 20 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
22- 23 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
25- 28 F4.1 arcsec DEs [] Declination (J2000)
30- 34 F5.2 kpc rho Galactocentric distance
36- 37 A2 --- Cl Visual classification (1)
39 A1 --- Wrn [n] Flag indicating the source is in a
confused nuclear region
41- 47 F7.1 uJy F5.5 Integrated flux at frequency 5.5GHz
49- 53 F5.1 uJy e_F5.5 Error on F5.5
55- 60 F6.1 uJy F9 ? Integrated flux at frequency 9.2GHz
62- 66 F5.1 uJy e_F9 ? Error on F9
68- 74 F7.1 uJy Fint Flux at pivot frequency νp
76- 80 F5.1 uJy e_Fint Error on Fint
82- 86 F5.3 GHz nup Pivot frequency where the
signal-to-noise ratio is maximum
(νp)
88 I1 --- Nbands Number of frequency bands with data
(G1)
90- 92 I3 --- Island [1/451] Island number
94- 101 E8.2 mW/m2 Hatot Integrated Hα flux (G2)
103- 110 E8.2 mW/m2/arcsec2 Haave Hα surface brightness
112- 113 I2 --- Rflag Radio detection flag (G3)
115- 121 A7 --- Rad1 Name of first associated radio source
123- 129 A7 --- Rad2 Name of second associated radio source
131 I1 --- NSNR Number of associated SNRs in
Williams et al. (2019ApJ...881...54W 2019ApJ...881...54W,
Cat. J/ApJ/881/54)
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Note (1): Visual classification as follows:
A = Object with clear radio counterpart isolated from other sources (65/424)
Af = Object with faint/marginal but well-aligned radio source isolated from
other sources (15/424)
B = Object at the appropriate position, in a region that has some emission
that most likely arises from other sources (24/424)
C = Object in confused region of radio emission so that one cannot tell if
object is detected (74/424)
D = Isolated object but no evidence of a radio counterpart (246/424)
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Global Notes:
Note (G1): Number of frequency bands with data: 1 to 7 of 4.732, 5.244, 5.756,
6.268, 8.744, 9.256, 9.768GHz. Source in the outer region have fewer
bands.
Note (G2): The Hα fluxes were obtained from images described by
Blair et al. (2012ApJS..203....8B 2012ApJS..203....8B, Cat. J/ApJS/203/8) and include
some contribution from [NII]λλ6548,6583
Note (G3): The detection flag Rflag is a bit flag where the bits mean:
1 = This source may have a match in the radio catalogue
2 = Unambiguous match: this source matches only one object from the radio
catalogue
8 = Mutually good match: this source is best for the other object, and the
other object is best for this source.
The most reliable matches will have flag bit 8 set. All of those will
have bit 1 set as well, and most of them will also have bit 2 set.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Ana Fiallos [CDS] 06-Jun-2023