J/MNRAS/498/1726 Transiting planets around FGKM stars in TESS (Montalto+, 2020)
A search for transiting planets around FGKM dwarfs and subgiants in the TESS
full frame images of the Southern ecliptic hemisphere.
Montalto M., Borsato L., Granata V., Lacedelli G., Malavolta L.,
Manthopoulou E.E., Nardiello D., Nascimbeni V., Piotto G.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 498, 1726-1749 (2020)>
=2020MNRAS.498.1726M 2020MNRAS.498.1726M (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets ; Stars, dwarfs ; Positional data ; Stars, masses ;
Stars, diameters ; Effective temperatures ; Radial velocities ;
Optical
Keywords: techniques: photometric - techniques: spectroscopic - catalogues -
astrometry - planets and satellites: terrestrial planets -
binaries: eclipsing
Abstract:
In this work, we present the analysis of 976814 FGKM dwarf and
subgiant stars in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Telescope (TESS)
full frame images (FFIs) of the Southern ecliptic hemisphere. We
present a new pipeline, DIAmante, developed to extract optimized,
multisector photometry from TESS FFIs and a classifier, based on the
Random Forest technique, trained to discriminate plausible transiting
planetary candidates from common false positives. A new statistical
model was developed to provide the probability of correct
identification of the source of variability. We restricted the planet
search to the stars located in the least crowded regions of the sky
and identified 396 transiting planetary candidates among which 252 are
new detections. The candidates' radius distribution ranges between
1R⊕ and 2.6RJ with median value of 1RJ and the period
distribution ranges between 0.25 and 105d with median value of 3.8d.
The sample contains four long period candidates (P>50d), one of which
is new, and 64 candidates with periods between 10 and 50d (42 new
ones). In the small planet radius domain (4R<R⊕), we found 39
candidates among which 15 are new detections. Additionally, we present
15 single transit events (14 new ones), a new candidate multiplanetary
system, and a novel candidate around a known TOI. By using Gaia
dynamical constraints, we found that 70 objects show evidence of
binarity. We release a catalogue of the objects we analysed and the
corresponding light curves and diagnostic figures through the MAST and
ExoFOP portals.
Description:
In this work, we analysed the TESS FFIs delivered by the satellite
during its first year of operation. The images cover the Southern
ecliptic hemisphere. Each sector is imaged by four TESS cameras that
are composed by four TESS CCDs. Therefore, each cadence image
delivered by TESS is made up of 16 FFIs. The data set we analysed
contains 15347 epochs that correspond to 245552 FFIs. The first
observation started on 2018 July 25 at UT=19:29:42.708 and the last
observation on 2019 July 17 at UT=19:59:29.974.
The stellar sample we analysed was built from the Gaia DR2 all-sky
catalogue. It is a sample of FGKM (limited to F5) dwarf and subgiant
stars. The selection was done in the absolute, intrinsic colour
magnitude diagram by imposing conditions on the absolute magnitude and
colours. Stellar distances were derived from Bailer-Jones et al.
(2018AJ....156...58B 2018AJ....156...58B, Cat. I/347) and reddening from the interpolation
of Lallement et al. (2018A&A...616A.132L 2018A&A...616A.132L) 3D maps. See Section 3 of
the article for details on the sample selection.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table7.dat 569 396 Content of the catalogue released with this work
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See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 I9 --- TIC TESS Input Catalog identifier
11- 29 I19 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia DR2 source identifier
31- 47 F17.13 deg RAdeg Right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
49- 65 F17.13 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
67- 72 F6.4 --- p Planet to star radius ratio
74- 79 F6.4 --- e_p Error on p
81- 89 F9.4 d t0fit Central transit time from transit fit
91- 96 F6.4 d e_t0fit Error on t0fit
98- 106 F9.5 d PBLS Orbital period from BLS analysis
108- 113 F6.4 d Duration Transit duration
115- 120 F6.4 d e_Duration Error on Duration
122- 126 F5.2 g/cm3 denfit ? Stellar density from transit fit
128- 132 F5.2 g/cm3 e_denfit ? Error on denfit
134- 138 F5.2 --- u1 Linear limb darkening coefficient
140- 143 F4.2 --- e_u1 Error on u1
145- 149 F5.2 --- u2 Quadratic limb darkening coefficient
151- 154 F4.2 --- e_u2 Error on u2
156- 166 E11.5 --- Const Constant term in transit fit
168- 177 E10.5 --- e_Const Error on Const
179- 183 F5.3 --- chi2 Reduced chi squared of the transit fit
185- 190 F6.3 --- deltarho ? Difference of stellar density from the TIC
and from transit fit, normalized by the
square sum of the errors
192- 196 I5 ppm trdepth Transit depth
198- 205 F8.6 --- rmsoot Root mean square of out of transit
measurements
207- 211 F5.2 --- a/R* ? Ratio of semimajor axis to stellar radius
213- 217 F5.2 --- e_a/R* ? Error on ratio of semimajor axis to
stellar radius
219- 222 F4.2 --- b Impact parameter
224- 227 F4.2 --- e_b Error on b
229- 233 F5.2 deg i Inclination
235- 239 F5.2 deg e_i Error on i
241- 244 F4.2 --- t12t14 Ratio of ingress time to total transit time
246- 249 F4.2 --- e_t12t14 Error on t12t14
251- 254 F4.2 Rjup Rpj Planet candidate radius in RJup
256- 259 F4.2 Rjup e_Rpj Error on Rpj
261- 265 F5.2 Rgeo Rpe Planet candidate radius in R⊕
267- 271 F5.2 Rgeo e_Rpe Error on Rpe
273 I1 --- rank1 [0/1] First Mahalanobis rank (1)
275 I1 --- rank2 [0/1] Second Mahalanobis rank (1)
277 I1 --- rank3 [0/1] Third Mahalanobis rank (1)
279 I1 --- rank4 [0/1] Fourth Mahalanobis rank (1)
281- 286 F6.2 % prf Random Forest probability
288- 292 F5.2 % pd Centroid motion probability
294- 298 F5.2 % peta Local average stellar number density
probability
300- 308 F9.4 d t0Lin ? Central transit time from linear fit
310- 315 F6.4 d e_t0Lin ? Error on t0Lin
317- 325 F9.5 d PLin ? Orbital period from linear fit
327- 333 F7.5 d e_PLin ? Error on PLin
335- 343 F9.6 d alpha ? α parameter from equation 30
345- 352 F8.6 d beta ? β parameter from equation 31
354- 360 F7.2 K Teff Stellar effective temperature from TIC
362- 368 F7.2 K e_Teff Error on Teff
370- 373 F4.2 Rsun R* Stellar radius from TIC
375- 378 F4.2 Rsun e_R* Error on R*
380- 383 F4.2 Msun M* Stellar mass from TIC
385- 388 F4.2 Msun e_M* Error on M*
390- 393 F4.2 g/cm3 rho Stellar density from TIC
395- 398 F4.2 g/cm3 e_rho Error on rho
400- 405 F6.2 % contratio Contamination ratio from TIC
407- 412 F6.3 --- Tmag TESS magnitude from TIC
414- 419 F6.3 --- Vmag V magnitude from TIC
421- 426 F6.3 --- Gmag G magnitude from TIC
428- 434 F7.3 km/s RV ? Radial velocity from Gaia DR2
436- 441 F6.3 km/s e_RV ? Error on RV
443- 444 I2 --- o_RV ? Number of eligible transits used to derive
the median radial velocity from Gaia DR2
446- 451 F6.3 km/s s_RV ? Standard deviation of radial velocity
measurements
453- 458 F6.3 --- gofAL Goodness of fit in the along scan direction
from Gaia DR2
460- 468 E9.4 mas epsi Excess noise of the source from Gaia DR2
470- 478 E9.4 --- sepsi Significance of excess noise from Gaia DR2
480- 486 F7.3 --- S/NI S/N ratio of primary transit from equation 6
488- 492 F5.3 --- S/NII S/N ratio of secondary eclipse from
equation 7
494- 498 F5.3 --- S/NIII S/N ratio of tertiary eclipse from
equation 8
500- 504 F5.3 --- S/NOE ? Odd/even S/N ratio from equation 11
506- 510 F5.3 --- S/NOEfit ? Odd/even S/N ratio from transit fit
512- 516 F5.3 --- r200t R2OOT parameter from equation 13
518- 522 F5.3 --- q Fractional transit duration from equation 14
524- 529 F6.3 --- sde Signal detection efficiency from equation 9
531- 536 F6.3 --- sdeAL Signal detection efficiency of alias peaks
from equation 10
538- 543 F6.3 --- p2pio In/Out of transit point-to-point noise from
equation 15
545- 549 F5.3 --- p2ps P2Ps parameter from equation 16
551- 555 F5.3 Rjup r Estimated candidate radius from equation 17
557- 560 I4 --- Ntr Number of transits
562 I1 pix apnum Aperture photometry for which the transit
analysis was performed
564 I1 --- btier A level flag based on the impact parameter
value (2)
566- 567 I2 --- bitmask Bitmask flag (3)
569 I1 --- mult Candidate numeration within multiple systems
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Note (1): If the elected source was the target star, we attributed a rank=1
otherwise a rank=0. Therefore, a criterium that can be adopted to
consider a given target as the source of variability is to require all
ranks associated with the four different apertures to be equal to 1.
Note (2): Level flag as follows:
1 = b=<0.2
2 = 0.2<b=<0.4
3 = 0.4<b=<0.6
4 = 0.6<b=<0.8
5 = b>0.8
Note (3): Bitmask flag as follows:
1 = binary according to Gaia DR2 dynamical constraints
2 = Single transit
4 = At least one Mahalanobis rank failed
8 = Present only in Aperture 1
16 = Present only in Aperture 2
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Ana Fiallos [CDS] 02-Aug-2023