J/MNRAS/499/1890 Gaia white dwarfs within 40pc. II. (McCleery+, 2020)
Gaia white dwarfs within 40 pc.
II: the volume-limited Northern hemisphere sample.
McCleery J., Tremblay P.-E., Gentile Fusillo N.P., Hollands M.A.,
Gansicke B.T., Izquierdo P., Toonen S., Cunningham T., Rebassa-Mansergas A.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 499, 1890-1908 (2020)>
=2020MNRAS.499.1890M 2020MNRAS.499.1890M (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Stars, white dwarf ; Parallaxes, trigonometric;
Photometry ; Stars, nearby
Keywords: white dwarfs - stars: statistics - solar neighbourhood
Abstract:
We present an overview of the sample of northern hemisphere white
dwarfs within 40pc of the Sun detected from Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2).
We find that 521 sources are spectroscopically confirmed degenerate
stars, 111 of which were first identified as white dwarf candidates
from Gaia DR2 and followed-up recently with the William Herschel
Telescope and Gran Telescopio Canarias. Three additional white dwarf
candidates remain spectroscopically unobserved and six unresolved
binaries are known to include a white dwarf but were not in our
initial selection in the Gaia DR2 Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD).
Atmospheric parameters are calculated from Gaia and Pan-STARRS
photometry for all objects in the sample, confirming most of the
trends previously observed in the much smaller 20pc sample. Local
white dwarfs are overwhelmingly consistent with Galactic disc
kinematics, with only four halo candidates. We find that DAZ white
dwarfs are significantly less massive than the overall DA population
(MDAZavg=0.59M☉, MDAavg=0.66M☉). It may suggest that
planet formation is less efficient at higher mass stars, producing
more massive white dwarfs. We detect a sequence of crystallised white
dwarfs in the mass range from 0.6≤M/M☉≤1.0 and find that the
vast majority of objects on the sequence have standard kinematic
properties that correspond to the average of the sample, suggesting
that their nature can be explained by crystallisation alone. We also
detect 26 double degenerates and white dwarf components in 56 wide
binary systems.
Description:
The main catalogue provides 521 spectroscopically confirmed white
dwarfs, and three high-probability white dwarf candidates, selected
from 2019MNRAS.482.4570G 2019MNRAS.482.4570G. Atmospheric parameters are calculated from
both Gaia and Pan-STARRS photometry for all objects.
The remaining tables provide information on observed main-sequence
stars and unobserved low-probability candidates within 40pc, objects
likely within 40pc but missing from 2019MNRAS.482.4570G 2019MNRAS.482.4570G, object that
may be within 40p based on Gaia parallax errors, and wide binary
systems containing white dwarfs.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 79 35 Magnetic white dwarfs in the Gaia DR2
northern 40pc sample
tablea1.dat 385 542 Northern 40pc Gaia white dwarf sample
(updated version 14-Jun-2021)
tablea2.dat 327 63 MS contaminents and unobserved low probability
candidates
tablea3.dat 144 14 Likely 40pc members that are missing from
Table A1 (updated version 27-May-2021)
tablea4.dat 146 11 Objects which may be 40pc members based on
Gaia parallax errors (updated version 27-May-2021)
tablea5.dat 288 113 Wide binaries including a white dwarf within 40pc
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See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
J/ApJS/219/19 : Nearby white dwarfs from SUPERBLINK (Limoges+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/482/4570 : Gaia DR2 white dwarf candidates (Gentile Fusillo+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/497/130 : Gaia white dwarfs within 40pc. I (Tremblay+ 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 22 A22 --- WDJ WDJ name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)
24- 29 A6 --- SpType Spectral type
31- 36 F6.2 Mgauss ?=- Mean magnetic field
38- 79 A42 --- Ref Reference
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 22 A22 --- WDJ WDJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, equinox and epoch 2000
24- 42 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 Gaia EDR3 source identifier
44- 62 I19 --- GaiaDR2 ? Gaia DR2 source identifier
64 I1 --- f_GaiaEDR3 [0/1] Gaia EDR3 new flag (1)
66- 77 F12.8 mas Plx Parallax of the source
79- 91 F13.11 mas e_Plx Standard error of parallax
93-106 F14.10 deg RAdeg Right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
108-120 F13.11 mas e_RAdeg Standard error of right ascension
122-136 F15.11 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
138-150 F13.11 mas e_DEdeg Standard error in declination
152-160 F9.6 mag Gmag Apparent G magnitude
162-174 F13.10 mag BP-RP GBP-GRPcolour index
176-181 A6 --- SpType Spectral Type (2)
183-188 A6 --- Comp Composition (H for hydrogen dominated or
He for helium dominated)
190-194 I5 K TeffG ?=- Adopted Gaia effective temperature
196-199 I4 K e_TeffG ?=- Standard error of adopted Gaia
effective temperature
201-208 F8.6 [cm/s2] loggG ?=- Adopted Gaia surface gravity
210-217 F8.6 [cm/s2] e_loggG ?=- Standard error on adopted Gaia
surface gravity
219-223 I5 K TeffP ?=- Pan-STARRS effective temperature
225-228 I4 K e_TeffP ?=- Standard error on Pan-STARRS
effective temperature
230-237 F8.6 [cm/s2] loggP ?=- Pan-STARRS surface gravity
239-246 F8.6 [cm/s2] e_loggP ?=- Standard error on Pan-STARRS
surface gravity
248-279 A32 --- r_SpType Bibcode of reference paper for spectral type
or (Unobserved (see main text))
281-385 A105 --- Comment Additional comment
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): A 1 indicates this object was not in the corresponding DR2 table.
Note (2): Spectral Classes as follows:
DA = white dwarfs with H lines only
DAe = white dwarfs with H lines and emission lines.
DAH/DAP = white dwarfs with Zeeman split H lines
DAZ/DZA = white dwarfs with H lines and Ca H & K lines
DAZH = white dwarfs with Zeeman split H lines and Ca H & K lines
DB = white dwarfs with neutral He lines only
DBA = white dwarfs with H lines and neutral He lines
DBAZ = white dwarfs with H lines, neutral He lines and Ca H & K lines
DBP = polarized white dwarfs with neutral He lines only
DC = white dwarfs with feature-less spectra
DCP = polarized white dwarfs with feature-less spectra
DQ = white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions
DQP = polarized white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions
DQpecP = polarized peculiar white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions
DQZA = white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions, Ca H & K, and H lines
DZ = white dwarfs with Ca H & K lines
DZH/DZP = white dwarfs with Zeeman split Ca H & K lines
DX/DXP = white dwarfs spectra which we were unable to classify
Unknown = objects which we were unable to observe
STAR = non white dwarf stellar object
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 22 A22 --- WDJ WDJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, equinox and epoch 2000
24- 49 A26 --- WD WD Name (for objects known before Gaia only)
51- 69 A19 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia DR2 source identifier
71- 82 F12.8 mas Plx Parallax of the source
84- 96 F13.11 mas e_Plx Standard error of parallax
98-111 F14.10 deg RAdeg Right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
113-125 F13.11 mas e_RAdeg Standard error of right ascension
127-141 F15.11 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
143-155 F13.11 mas e_DEdeg Standard error in declination
157-166 F10.7 mag Gmag Apparent G magnitude
168-180 F13.10 mag BP-RP GBP-GRPcolour index
182-201 A20 --- SpType Spectral Type (1)
203-208 A6 --- Comp Composition (H for hydrogen dominated or
He for helium dominated)
210-220 F11.5 K TeffG ? Adopted Gaia effective temperature
222-232 F11.6 K e_TeffG ? Standard error of adopted Gaia
effective temperature
234-241 F8.6 [cm/s2] loggG ? Adopted Gaia surface gravity
243-250 F8.6 [cm/s2] e_loggG ? Standard error on adopted Gaia
surface gravity
252-262 F11.5 K TeffP ? Pan-STARRS effective temperature
264-274 F11.6 K e_TeffP ? Standard error on Pan-STARRS
effective temperature
276-283 F8.6 [cm/s2] loggP ? Pan-STARRS surface gravity
285-292 F8.6 [cm/s2] e_loggP ? Standard error on Pan-STARRS
surface gravity
294-319 A26 --- r_SpType Bibcode of reference paper for spectral type
or (Unobserved (see main text))
321-385 A65 --- Comment Additional comment
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Spectral Classes as follows:
DA = white dwarfs with H lines only
DAe = white dwarfs with H lines and emission lines.
DAH/DAP = white dwarfs with Zeeman split H lines
DAZ/DZA = white dwarfs with H lines and Ca H & K lines
DAZH = white dwarfs with Zeeman split H lines and Ca H & K lines
DB = white dwarfs with neutral He lines only
DBA = white dwarfs with H lines and neutral He lines
DBAZ = white dwarfs with H lines, neutral He lines and Ca H & K lines
DBP = polarized white dwarfs with neutral He lines only
DC = white dwarfs with feature-less spectra
DCP = polarized white dwarfs with feature-less spectra
DQ = white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions
DQP = polarized white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions
DQpecP = polarized peculiar white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions
DQZA = white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions, Ca H & K, and H lines
DZ = white dwarfs with Ca H & K lines
DZH/DZP = white dwarfs with Zeeman split Ca H & K lines
DX/DXP = white dwarfs spectra which we were unable to classify
Unknown = objects which we were unable to observe
STAR = non white dwarf stellar object
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 ? Gaia EDR3 source identifier
21- 39 I19 --- GaiaDR2 ? Gaia DR2 source identifier
41- 54 A14 --- Name Name (for objects known before Gaia only)
56- 62 F7.3 mas Plx ?=- Parallax of the source
64- 68 F5.3 mas e_Plx ?=- Standard error of parallax
70- 92 A23 --- r_Plx Reference paper for parallax (1)
94-101 A8 --- SpType Spectral Type (2)
103-141 A39 --- r_SpType Reference paper for spectral type
142-144 A3 --- Note Additional comment (3)
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Note (1): van Leeuwen (2007) = Cat. I/311
Note (2): Spectral Classes:
DA = white dwarfs with H lines only
DAH/DAP = white dwarfs with Zeeman split H lines
DAZ = white dwarfs with H lines and Ca H & K lines
DAZH = white dwarfs with Zeeman split H lines and Ca H & K lines
DC = white dwarfs with feature-less spectra
DQZ = white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions, and Ca H & K
Note (3): Additional comment as follows:
a = No Gaia detection due to saturation of Procyon A
b = White dwarf does not have DR2 five-parameter astrometry, but
known companion does
c = DR2 five-parameter astrometry available but white dwarf absent from
Gentile Fusillo et al. (2019MNRAS.482.4570G 2019MNRAS.482.4570G) because of missing or
incorrect colours (large BP/RP excess factor).
d = Missing from Gentile Fusillo et al. (2019MNRAS.482.4570G 2019MNRAS.482.4570G) because of the
important flux contribution from the non-degenerate companion in the
optical.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 22 A22 --- WDJ WDJHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s, equinox and epoch 2000
24- 42 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 ? Gaia EDR3 source identifier
44- 62 A19 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia DR2 source identifier
64- 87 A24 --- WD ? WD Name (for objects known before Gaia only)
89- 95 F7.4 mas Plx Parallax of the source
97-103 F7.5 mas e_Plx Standard error of parallax
105-107 A3 --- SpType Spectral Type (1)
109-146 A38 --- Ref Reference paper for spectral type
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Note (1): Spectral Classes as follows:
DA = white dwarfs with H lines only
DAH = white dwarfs with Zeeman split H lines
DAZ = white dwarfs with H lines and Ca H & K lines
DBA = white dwarfs with H lines and neutral He lines
DC = white dwarfs with feature-less spectra
DQ = white dwarfs with molecular C absorptions
DZ = white dwarfs with Ca H & K lines
STAR = non white dwarf stellar object
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- System System index
4- 25 A22 --- WDJ WDJ Name for white dwarfs,
STAR for main-sequence stars
27- 45 I19 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia DR2 source identifier
47- 66 F20.16 deg RAdeg Right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
68- 87 F20.16 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5
89- 97 F9.3 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion in right ascension, pmRA*cosDE
99-118 F20.18 mas/yr e_pmRA Standard error of proper motion in
right ascension
120-128 F9.3 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion in declination
130-149 F20.18 mas/yr e_pmDE Standard error of proper motion in
declination
151-171 E21.16 pc skySep ? On-sky separation
173-193 F21.19 pc radSep ? Radial separation
195-214 F20.18 pc e_radSep ? Standard error of radial separation
216-235 F20.16 mas/yr deltapm1 ? Difference in pmRA and pmDE in mas/yr
237-255 F19.17 km/s deltapm2 ? Difference in pmRA and pmDE in km/s
257-277 E21.17 km/s e_deltapm2 ? Standard error of the difference in
pmRA and pmDE in km/s
279-284 A6 --- Type Type of Binary System
286-288 A3 --- Note Note (1)
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Note (1): Note as follows:
1 = Found in El-Badry & Rix (2018MNRAS.480.4884E 2018MNRAS.480.4884E),
2 = Found in Hollands et al. (2018MNRAS.477...93H 2018MNRAS.477...93H, 2018MNRAS.480.3942H 2018MNRAS.480.3942H).
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Acknowledgements:
Jack McCleery, jackmccleery(at)warwick.ac.uk
References:
Tremblay et al., Paper I 2020MNRAS.497..130T 2020MNRAS.497..130T, Cat. J/MNRAS/497/130
History:
* 08-Feb-2021: on-line version
* 27-May-2021: updated eDR3 version for tables A1, A3 and A4 (from author)
* 14-Jun-2021: updated version for tables A1 (from author)
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 08-Feb-2021