J/MNRAS/501/1116 GAIA pulsars and where to find them (Antoniadis, 2021)
GAIA pulsars and where to find them.
Antoniadis J.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 501, 1116 (2021)>
=2021MNRAS.501.1116A 2021MNRAS.501.1116A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; Pulsars
Keywords: miscellaneous - catalogues - surveys - stars: massive -
stars: neutron - pulsars: general
Abstract:
While the majority of massive stars have a stellar companion, most
pulsars appear to be isolated. Taken at face value, this suggests that
most massive binaries break apart due to strong natal kicks received
in supernova explosions. However, the observed binary fraction can
still be subject to strong selection effects, as monitoring of newly
discovered pulsars is rarely carried out for long enough to
conclusively rule out multiplicity. Here, we use the second Gaia data
release to search for companions to 1534 rotation-powered pulsars with
positions known to better than 0.5arcsec. We find 22 matches to
known pulsars, including 1 not reported elsewhere, and 8 new possible
companions to young pulsars. We examine the photometric and kinematic
properties of these systems and provide empirical relations for
identifying Gaia sources with potential millisecond pulsar companions.
Our results confirm that the observed multiplicity fraction is small.
However, we show that the number of binaries below the sensitivity of
Gaia and radio timing in our sample could still be significantly
higher. We constrain the binary fraction of young pulsars to be
ftrueyoung<5.3(8.3) per cent under realistic (conservative)
assumptions for the binary properties and current sensitivity
thresholds. For massive stars (>10M☉) in particular, we find
ftrueOB<3.7 per cent, which sets a firm independent upper limit on
the Galactic neutron star merger rate, ≤7.2x10-4/yr. Ongoing and
future projects, such as the CHIME/pulsar program, MeerTime, HIRAX,
and ultimately the SKA, will significantly improve these constraints
in the future.
Description:
This catalog provides a list of Gaia sources within 20 arcsec of
rotation-powered pulsars.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 991 74518 Catalogue of sources within 20 arcsec of ATNF
pulsars
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 --- ID Dummy id of the nearest pulsar (id)
6- 24 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 Gaia source id (source_id)
26- 34 F9.6 arcsec angDist Uncorrected angular separation between the
nearest pulsar and the source (angDist)
36- 57 F22.19 arcsec AngDistT Angular separation between the nearest pulsar
and the source at epoch Epoch
(TrueAngDist)
59- 70 A12 --- Name Name of the nearest pulsar (name)
72- 91 F20.16 deg RAEdeg Right ascension of the nearest pulsar at
epoch Epoch
93- 99 E7.3 mas e_RAEdeg 1-sigma error in RAdeg (rajerr)
101-123 F23.18 deg DEEdeg Declination of the nearest pulsar at
epoch Epoch
125-131 E7.3 mas e_DEEdeg 1-sigma error in DEdeg (decjerr)
133-151 F19.15 mas/yr pmRA Proper motion of the nearest pulsar in
right ascension, pmRA*cosDE (pmra_radio)
153-158 F6.3 mas/yr e_pmRA 1-sigma error in pmRA (pmraerr)
160-168 F9.4 mas/yr pmDE Proper motion of the nearest pulsar in
declination (pmdec_radio)
170-176 F7.3 mas/yr e_pmDE Error in pmDE (pmdecerr)
178-184 F7.4 mas plx ? Trigonometric parallax of the nearest
pulsar (px)
186-205 F20.18 mas e_plx ? 1-sigma error in plx (pxerr)
207-216 F10.4 d Epoch MJD reference epoch of the pulsar position
(posepoch)
218-239 F22.19 s p0 ? Spin period of the nearest pulsar (p0)
241-263 E23.17 --- p1 ? First derivative of p0 (p1)
265-285 F21.16 pc/cm+3 dm ? Dispersion measure of the nearest pulsar
(dm)
287-291 F5.2 kpc DistDM ? DM distance estimate of the nearest pulsar
(dist)
293-315 F23.17 d Porb ? Orbital period of the nearest pulsar (pb)
317-336 F20.16 deg RAdeg J2000 right ascension of the nearest pulsar
(raj_now)
338-359 F22.18 deg DEdeg J2000 declination of the nearest pulsar
(decj_now)
361-375 F15.11 deg RA2deg J2000 right ascension (ra_epoch2000)
377-391 F15.11 deg DE2deg J2000 declination (dec_epoch2000)
393-407 F15.11 deg RAGdeg J2016 right ascension (ra)
409-415 F7.4 deg e_RAGdeg 1-sigma error in ra (ra_error)
417-431 F15.11 deg DEGdeg J2016 declination (dec)
433-439 F7.4 deg e_DEGdeg 1-sigma error in dec (dec_error)
441-448 F8.4 mas PlxG ? gaia parallax (parallax)
450-455 F6.4 mas e_PlxG ? 1-sigma error in parallax (parallax_error)
457-463 F7.3 mas/yr pmRAG ? gaia proper motion in right ascension
(pmra)
465-469 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRAG ? 1-sigma error in pmra (pmra_error)
471-478 F8.3 mas/yr pmDEG ? gaia proper motion in declination (pmdec)
480-484 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDEG ? 1-sigma error in declination (pmdec_error)
486-494 F9.6 mag Gmag ? Mean apparent G magnitude of the source
(see gaia EDR3 documentation)
(photgmean_mag)
496-503 F8.6 mag e_Gmag ? 1-sigma error in Gmag
(photgmeanmagerror)
505-513 F9.6 mag bp-rp ? BP-RP color of the source
(see gaia EDR3 documentation) (bp_rp)
515-536 E22.18 mas poserr Formal uncertainty in the angular separation
between the source and the nearest pulsar
at epoch Epoch (poserror)
538-557 F20.16 deg RAPdeg Right ascension of the source at epoch Epoch
(ragaiapsrep)
559-582 F24.20 deg DEPdeg Declination of the source at epoch Epoch
(decgaiapsrep)
584-607 F24.18 mas e_RAPdeg 1-sigma error in RAPdeg
(sigmaragaia)
609-633 F25.19 mas e_DEPdeg 1-sigma error in DEPdeg
(sigmadecgaia)
635-639 A5 --- fAss [True/False ] Associated? (Associated)
641-658 F18.16 --- PAss [0/1] Probability of true association
(see paper) (Pass)
660-745 A86 --- Assoc Names of other objects associated with the
pulsar (see ATNF PSRCat documentation)
(Assoc)
747-768 F22.18 --- GMAG ?=99 Absolute G magnitude of the source
(g_abs) (1)
770-791 F22.18 --- b_GMAG ?=99 5% lower bound on the absolute magnitude
of the source (gabsmin) (1)
793-810 F18.15 --- B_GMAG ?=99 95% upper bound on the absolute
magnitude of the source (gabsmax) (1)
812-831 F20.17 --- BP-RP ?=99 Absolute BP-RP color of the source
(brabs) (1)
833-836 F4.1 --- b_BP-RP ?=99 5% lower bound on b-r (brabs_min) (1)
838-841 F4.1 --- B_BP-RP ?=99 95% upper bound on b-r (brabs_max) (1)
843-861 F19.16 kpc Dist ?=99 Median distance to the source
(distance) (1)
863-881 F19.16 kpc b_Dist ?=99 5% lower bound on the distance to the
source (distance_min) (1)
883-901 F19.16 kpc B_Dist ?=99 95% upper bound on the distance to the
source (distance_max) (1)
903-924 F22.19 mag Dust ?=99 Median extinction in G band (dust)
926-947 F22.19 mag b_Dust ?=99 5% lower bound on extinction in G band
(dust_min)
949-969 F21.18 mag B_Dust ?=99 95% upper bound on extinction in G band
(dust_max)
971-991 F21.17 mas poserrsys [0/179] Systematic error on position
(see paper) (poserror_sys)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Calculated only for the "True" associations (52 sources).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
B/psr : ATNF Pulsar Catalogue (Manchester+, 2005)
http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/pulsar/psrcat : PSRcat Home Page
Acknowledgements:
This project was partly supported by the Stavros Niarchos Foundation
(SNF) and the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation
(H.F.R.I.) under the 2nd Call of "Science and Society" Action
Always strive for excellence - Theodoros Papazoglou (Project
Number: 01431)
From John Antoniadis, jantoniadis (at) ia.forth.gr
References:
Lindegren et al.,
Gaia Early Data Release 3. The astrometric solution, A&A in press.
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 12-Jan-2021