J/MNRAS/502/32 Evolutionary traits for stellar phylogeny (Jackson+, 2021)
Using heritability of stellar chemistry to reveal the history of the Milky Way.
Jackson H., Jofre P., Yaxley K., Das P., de Brito Silva D., Foley R.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 502, 32-47 (2021)>
=2021MNRAS.502...32J 2021MNRAS.502...32J (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Milky Way ; Stars, nearby ; Stars, G-type ; Abundances
Keywords: stars: abundances - stars: evolution - Galaxy: evolution
Abstract:
Since chemical abundances are inherited between generations of stars,
we use them to trace the evolutionary history of our Galaxy. We
present a robust methodology for creating a phylogenetic tree, a
biological tool used for centuries to study heritability. Combining
our phylogeny with information on stellar ages and dynamical
properties, we reconstruct the shared history of 78 stars in the Solar
Neighbourhood. The branching pattern in our tree supports a scenario
in which the thick disk is an ancestral population of the thin disk.
The transition from thick to thin disk shows an anomaly, which we
attribute to a star formation burst. Our tree shows a further
signature of the variability in stars similar to the Sun, perhaps
linked to a minor star formation enhancement creating our Solar
System. In this paper, we demonstrate the immense potential of a
phylogenetic perspective and interdisciplinary collaboration, where
with borrowed techniques from biology we can study key processes that
have contributed to the evolution of the Milky Way.
Description:
Chemical abundance and kinematic data and errors are given for a
sample of 78 solar twins (including the Sun). We use chemical
abundances and stellar ages that have been determined and published
for this sample by Bedell et al. (2018, Cat. J/ApJ/865/68). Since many
chemical elements are produced at similar astrophysical sites, we have
chosen traits that are evolutionary informative (Jofre et al., 2020,
Cat. J/A+A/633/L9). We select the abundance ratios presented in Jofre
et al. (2020, Cat. J/A+A/633/L9) to produce our evolutionary tree.
These correspond to [C/Y], [C/Zr], [C/Ba], [C/La], [C/Ce], [C/Nd],
[O/Y], [O/Ba], [Na/Sr], [Na/Y], [Na/Zr], [Na/Ba], [Na/La], [Na/Ce],
[Na/Nd], [Mg/Sr], [Mg/Y], [Mg/Zr], [Mg/Ba], [Mg/La], [Mg/Ce], [Mg/Nd],
[Al/Y], [Al/Ba], [Si/Zr], [Si/Ba], [Si/La], [Si/Ce], [Ca/Ba], [Sc/Sr],
[Sc/Y], [Sc/Zr], [Sc/Ba], [Sc/La], [Sc/Ce], [Sc/Ba], [Ti/Y], [Ti/Ba],
[Ti/Ba], [Mn/Y], [Mn/Ba], [Co/Ba], [Ni/Sr], [Ni/Y], [Ni/Zr], [Ni/Ba],
[Ni/La], [Ni/Ce], [Cu/Sr], [Cu/Y], [Cu/Zr], [Cu/Ba], [Cu/La], [Cu/Ce],
[Zn/Ba]. Kinematic information is taken from the HARPS data and the
second data release (DR2) of Gaia (Gaia Collaboration et al., 2018,
Cat. I/345). The kinematics are analysed in terms of actions and birth
radii.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table.dat 1076 79 *Abundance ratios and kinematics for 78 stars
and the Sun
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Note on table.dat: Chemical abundances and ages have been determined and
published by Bedell et al. (2018, Cat. J/ApJ/865/68)
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See also:
J/ApJ/865/68 : Abundances for 79 Sun-like stars within 100pc (Bedell+, 2018)
J/A+A/633/L9 : Linear regression fit coefficients (Jofre+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 A9 --- Star Star HIP number
11- 18 A8 --- --- [Gaia DR2]
20- 38 I19 --- GaiaDR2 ? Gaia DR2 source identifier
40 A1 --- Group [BSTY] Group in phylogenetic tree (1)
42- 44 F3.1 Gyr Age Stellar age
46- 56 F11.9 Gyr e_Age ? Stellar age error
58- 63 F6.3 [-] [Fe/H] Metallicity
65- 69 F5.3 [-] e_[Fe/H] ? Metallicity error
71- 74 I4 K Teff ? Effective temperature
76- 80 F5.3 [cm/s2] logg ? Surface gravity
82- 92 F11.9 Rsun R ? Radius
94- 104 E11.9 Rsun e_R ? Radius error
106- 117 F12.9 kpc z ? Galactocentric z position
119- 129 E11.9 kpc e_z ? Galactocentric z position error
131- 144 F14.9 km/s U ? Galactic velocity U
146- 156 F11.9 km/s e_U ? Galactic velocity U error
158- 171 F14.9 km/s V ? Galactic velocity V
173- 183 F11.9 km/s e_V ? Galactic velocity V error
185- 197 F13.9 km/s W ? Galactic velocity W
199- 209 F11.9 km/s e_W ? Galactic velocity W error
211- 222 F12.5 km2/s2 u ? Orbital energy
224- 236 F13.9 km2/s2 e_u ? Orbital energy error
238- 250 F13.9 kpc.km/s Jr ? Radial action
252- 262 F11.9 kpc.km/s e_Jr ? Radial action error
264- 275 F12.9 kpc.km/s Jz ? Vertical action
277- 287 E11.9 kpc.km/s e_Jz ? Vertical action error
289- 299 F11.6 kpc.km/s Lz ? Z component of angular momentum
301- 312 F12.9 kpc.km/s e_Lz ? Z component of angular momentum error
314- 324 F11.9 Rsun Rb ? Birth radius
326- 336 F11.9 Rsun e_Rb ? Birth radius error
338- 349 F12.9 kpc zb ? Birth Galactocentric z position
351- 361 F11.9 kpc e_zb ? Birth Galactocentric z position error
363- 368 F6.3 --- [CI/YII] CI/YII abundance ratio
370- 374 F5.3 --- e_[CI/YII] CI/YII abundance ratio error
376- 381 F6.3 --- [CI/ZrII] CI/ZrII abundance ratio
383- 387 F5.3 --- e_[CI/ZrII] CI/ZrII abundance ratio error
389- 394 F6.3 --- [CI/BaII] CI/BaII abundance ratio
396- 400 F5.3 --- e_[CI/BaII] CI/BaII abundance ratio error
402- 407 F6.3 --- [CI/LaII] CI/LaII abundance ratio
409- 413 F5.3 --- e_[CI/LaII] CI/LaII abundance ratio error
415- 420 F6.3 --- [CI/CeII] CI/CeII abundance ratio
422- 426 F5.3 --- e_[CI/CeII] CI/CeII abundance ratio error
428- 433 F6.3 --- [CI/NdII] CI/NdII abundance ratio
435- 439 F5.3 --- e_[CI/NdII] CI/NdII abundance ratio error
441- 446 F6.3 --- [OI/YII] OI/YII abundance ratio
448- 452 F5.3 --- e_[OI/YII] OI/YII abundance ratio error
454- 459 F6.3 --- [OI/BaII] OI/BaII abundance ratio
461- 465 F5.3 --- e_[OI/BaII] OI/BaII abundance ratio error
467- 472 F6.3 --- [NaI/SrI] NaI/SrI abundance ratio
474- 478 F5.3 --- e_[NaI/SrI] NaI/SrI abundance ratio error
480- 485 F6.3 --- [NaI/YII] NaI/YII abundance ratio
487- 491 F5.3 --- e_[NaI/YII] NaI/YII abundance ratio error
493- 498 F6.3 --- [NaI/ZrII] NaI/ZrII abundance ratio
500- 504 F5.3 --- e_[NaI/ZrII] NaI/ZrII abundance ratio error
506- 511 F6.3 --- [NaI/BaII] NaI/BaII abundance ratio
513- 517 F5.3 --- e_[NaI/BaII] NaI/BaII abundance ratio error
519- 524 F6.3 --- [NaI/LaII] NaI/LaII abundance ratio
526- 530 F5.3 --- e_[NaI/LaII] NaI/LaII abundance ratio error
532- 537 F6.3 --- [NaI/CeII] NaI/CeII abundance ratio
539- 543 F5.3 --- e_[NaI/CeII] NaI/CeII abundance ratio error
545- 550 F6.3 --- [NaI/NdII] NaI/NdII abundance ratio
552- 556 F5.3 --- e_[NaI/NdII] NaI/NdII abundance ratio error
558- 563 F6.3 --- [MgI/SrI] MgI/SrI abundance ratio
565- 569 F5.3 --- e_[MgI/SrI] MgI/SrI abundance ratio error
571- 576 F6.3 --- [MgI/YII] MgI/YII abundance ratio
578- 582 F5.3 --- e_[MgI/YII] MgI/YII abundance ratio error
584- 589 F6.3 --- [MgI/ZrII] MgI/ZrII abundance ratio
591- 595 F5.3 --- e_[MgI/ZrII] MgI/ZrII abundance ratio error
597- 602 F6.3 --- [MgI/BaII] MgI/BaII abundance ratio
604- 608 F5.3 --- e_[MgI/BaII] MgI/BaII abundance ratio error
610- 615 F6.3 --- [MgI/LaII] MgI/LaII abundance ratio
617- 621 F5.3 --- e_[MgI/LaII] MgI/LaII abundance ratio error
623- 628 F6.3 --- [MgI/CeII] MgI/CeII abundance ratio
630- 634 F5.3 --- e_[MgI/CeII] MgI/CeII abundance ratio error
636- 641 F6.3 --- [MgI/NdII] MgI/NdII abundance ratio
643- 647 F5.3 --- e_[MgI/NdII] MgI/NdII abundance ratio error
649- 654 F6.3 --- [AlI/YII] AlI/YII abundance ratio
656- 660 F5.3 --- e_[AlI/YII] AlI/YII abundance ratio error
662- 667 F6.3 --- [AlI/BaII] AlI/BaII abundance ratio
669- 673 F5.3 --- e_[AlI/BaII] AlI/BaII abundance ratio error
675- 680 F6.3 --- [SiI/ZrII] SiI/ZrII abundance ratio
682- 686 F5.3 --- e_[SiI/ZrII] SiI/ZrII abundance ratio error
688- 693 F6.3 --- [SiI/BaII] SiI/BaII abundance ratio
695- 699 F5.3 --- e_[SiI/BaII] SiI/BaII abundance ratio error
701- 706 F6.3 --- [SiI/LaII] SiI/LaII abundance ratio
708- 712 F5.3 --- e_[SiI/LaII] SiI/LaII abundance ratio error
714- 719 F6.3 --- [SiI/CeII] SiI/CeII abundance ratio
721- 725 F5.3 --- e_[SiI/CeII] SiI/CeII abundance ratio error
727- 732 F6.3 --- [CaI/BaII] CaI/BaII abundance ratio
734- 738 F5.3 --- e_[CaI/BaII] CaI/BaII abundance ratio error
740- 745 F6.3 --- [ScI/SrI] ScI/SrI abundance ratio
747- 751 F5.3 --- e_[ScI/SrI] ScI/SrI abundance ratio error
753- 758 F6.3 --- [ScI/YII] ScI/YII abundance ratio
760- 764 F5.3 --- e_[ScI/YII] ScI/YII abundance ratio error
766- 771 F6.3 --- [ScI/ZrII] ScI/ZrII abundance ratio
773- 777 F5.3 --- e_[ScI/ZrII] ScI/ZrII abundance ratio error
779- 784 F6.3 --- [ScI/BaII] ScI/BaII abundance ratio
786- 790 F5.3 --- e_[ScI/BaII] ScI/BaII abundance ratio error
792- 797 F6.3 --- [ScI/LaII] ScI/LaII abundance ratio
799- 803 F5.3 --- e_[ScI/LaII] ScI/LaII abundance ratio error
805- 810 F6.3 --- [ScI/CeII] ScI/CeII abundance ratio
812- 816 F5.3 --- e_[ScI/CeII] ScI/CeII abundance ratio error
818- 823 F6.3 --- [ScII/BaII] ScII/BaII abundance ratio
825- 829 F5.3 --- e_[ScII/BaII] ScII/BaII abundance ratio error
831- 836 F6.3 --- [TiI/YII] TiI/YII abundance ratio
838- 842 F5.3 --- e_[TiI/YII] TiI/YII abundance ratio error
844- 849 F6.3 --- [TiI/BaII] TiI/BaII abundance ratio
851- 855 F5.3 --- e_[TiI/BaII] TiI/BaII abundance ratio error
857- 862 F6.3 --- [TiII/BaII] TiII/BaII abundance ratio
864- 868 F5.3 --- e_[TiII/BaII] TiII/BaII abundance ratio error
870- 875 F6.3 --- [MnI/YII] MnI/YII abundance ratio
877- 881 F5.3 --- e_[MnI/YII] MnI/YII abundance ratio error
883- 888 F6.3 --- [MnI/BaII] MnI/BaII abundance ratio
890- 894 F5.3 --- e_[MnI/BaII] MnI/BaII abundance ratio error
896- 901 F6.3 --- [CoI/BaII] CoI/BaII abundance ratio
903- 907 F5.3 --- e_[CoI/BaII] CoI/BaII abundance ratio error
909- 914 F6.3 --- [NiI/SrI] NiI/SrI abundance ratio
916- 920 F5.3 --- e_[NiI/SrI] NiI/SrI abundance ratio error
922- 927 F6.3 --- [NiI/YII] NiI/YII abundance ratio
929- 933 F5.3 --- e_[NiI/YII] NiI/YII abundance ratio error
935- 940 F6.3 --- [NiI/ZrII] NiI/ZrII abundance ratio
942- 946 F5.3 --- e_[NiI/ZrII] NiI/ZrII abundance ratio error
948- 953 F6.3 --- [NiI/BaII] NiI/BaII abundance ratio
955- 959 F5.3 --- e_[NiI/BaII] NiI/BaII abundance ratio error
961- 966 F6.3 --- [NiI/LaII] NiI/LaII abundance ratio
968- 972 F5.3 --- e_[NiI/LaII] NiI/LaII abundance ratio error
974- 979 F6.3 --- [NiI/CeII] NiI/CeII abundance ratio
981- 985 F5.3 --- e_[NiI/CeII] NiI/CeII abundance ratio error
987- 992 F6.3 --- [CuI/SrI] CuI/SrI abundance ratio
994- 998 F5.3 --- e_[CuI/SrI] CuI/SrI abundance ratio error
1000-1005 F6.3 --- [CuI/YII] CuI/YII abundance ratio
1007-1011 F5.3 --- e_[CuI/YII] CuI/YII abundance ratio error
1013-1018 F6.3 --- [CuI/ZrII] CuI/ZrII abundance ratio
1020-1024 F5.3 --- e_[CuI/ZrII] CuI/ZrII abundance ratio error
1026-1031 F6.3 --- [CuI/BaII] CuI/BaII abundance ratio
1033-1037 F5.3 --- e_[CuI/BaII] CuI/BaII abundance ratio error
1039-1044 F6.3 --- [CuI/LaII] CuI/LaII abundance ratio
1046-1050 F5.3 --- e_[CuI/LaII] CuI/LaII abundance ratio error
1052-1057 F6.3 --- [CuI/CeII] CuI/CeII abundance ratio
1059-1063 F5.3 --- e_[CuI/CeII] CuI/CeII abundance ratio error
1065-1070 F6.3 --- [ZnI/BaII] ZnI/BaII abundance ratio
1072-1076 F5.3 --- e_[ZnI/BaII] ZnI/BaII abundance ratio error
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Note (1): Group in phylogenetic tree code as follows:
Y = young
S = solar contemporaries
B = burst
T = thick disk
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Acknowledgements:
Paula Jofre, paula.jofre(at)mail.udp.cl
Holly Jackson, hjackson(at)mit.edu
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 22-Jan-2021