J/MNRAS/508/4047 47 classical Cepheids HARPSN@TNG spectroscopy (Ripepi+, 2021)
Cepheid metallicity in the Leavitt law (C-metall) survey.
I. HARPS-N@TNG spectroscopy of 47 classical Cepheids and 1 BL Her variables.
Ripepi V., Catanzaro G., Molinaro R., Gatto M., De Somma G., Marconi M.,
Romaniello M., Leccia S., Musella I., Trentin E., Clementini G., Testa V.,
Cusano F., Storm J.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 508, 4047-4071 (2021)>
=2021MNRAS.508.4047R 2021MNRAS.508.4047R (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, variable ; Stars, distances ; Abundances, [Fe/H] ; Optical
Keywords: stars: abundances - stars: distances - stars: fundamental parameters -
stars: variables: Cepheids - distance scale
Abstract:
Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) are the most important primary indicators
of the extragalactic distance scale. Establishing the dependence on
metallicity of their period-luminosity and period-Wesenheit (PLZ/PWZ)
relations has deep consequences on the calibration of secondary
distance indicators that lead to the final estimate of the Hubble
constant (H0). We collected high-resolution spectroscopy for 47 DCEPs
plus 1 BL Her variables with HARPS-N@TNG and derived accurate
atmospheric parameters, radial velocities, and metal abundances. We
measured spectral lines for 29 species and characterized their
chemical abundances, finding very good agreement with previous
results. We re-determined the ephemerides for the program stars and
measured their intensity-averaged magnitudes in the V, I, J, H, Ks
bands. We complemented our sample with literature data and used the
Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) to investigate the PLZ/PWZ relations
for Galactic DCEPs in a variety of filter combinations. We find that
the solution without any metallicity term is ruled out at more than
the 5σ level. Our best estimate for the metallicity dependence
of the intercept of the PLKs, PWJKs, PWVKs, and PWHVI relations with
three parameters is -0.456±0.099, -0.465±0.071, -0.459±0.107,
and -0.366±0.089mag/dex, respectively. These values are
significantly larger than the recent literature. The present data are
still inconclusive to establish whether or not also the slope of the
relevant relationships depends on metallicity. Applying a correction
to the standard zero-point offset of the Gaia parallaxes has the same
effect of reducing by ∼22 per cent the size of the metallicity
dependence on the intercept of the PLZ/PWZ relations.
Description:
Multiphase spectroscopic observations for our targets were obtained at
the 3.5m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) equipped with the HARPS-N
instrument, during four different periods between summer 2019 and fall
2020 (TNG AOT 39 to AOT 42). HARPS-N features an echelle spectrograph
covering the wavelength range between 3830 and 6930Å, with a
spectral resolution R=115000. We collected at least three spectra for
each source. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) varies from 50 to 100 at
λ=5000Å.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 64 50 Properties of the program stars
table2.dat 84 144 Atmospheric parameters
table3.dat 342 48 Abundances expressed in solar terms
(Grevesse et al., 2010Ap&SS.328..178G 2010Ap&SS.328..178G) for the
chemical elements detected in our targets
table4.dat 187 48 *Results of the photometric analysis of the
targets.
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Note on table4.dat: The table contains the new ephemerides (periods and epochs
of maximum light) and photometry in B, V, I, J, H, and Ks bands, as well as a
reddening estimate.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 26 A26 --- Name Name of the targets
28- 29 I2 h RAh Right ascension (J2000)
31- 32 I2 min RAm Right ascension (J2000)
34- 38 F5.2 s RAs Right ascension (J2000)
40 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (J2000)
41- 42 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000)
44- 45 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000)
47- 50 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000)
52- 64 A13 s Texp Exposure time of the acquired spectra
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 26 A26 --- Name Star name
28- 38 F11.5 d HJD Heliocentric Julian date at mid exposure
(HJD-2400000)
40- 44 F5.3 --- Phi Pulsation phase
46- 49 I4 K Teff Effective temperature
51- 53 I3 K e_Teff Effective temperature error
55- 57 F3.1 [cm/s2] logg Gravity
59- 61 F3.1 [cm/s2] e_logg Gravity error
63- 65 F3.1 km/s Vmicro Microturbulent velocity
67- 69 F3.1 km/s e_Vmicro Microturbulent velocity error
71- 72 I2 km/s Vbr Broadening parameter velocity
74 I1 km/s e_Vbr Broadening parameter velocity error
76- 80 F5.1 km/s RV Radial velocity
82- 84 F3.1 km/s e_RV Radial velocity error
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 26 A26 --- Name Star name
28- 32 F5.2 [-] [C/H] ? Carbon abundance
34- 37 F4.2 [-] e_[C/H] ? Uncertainty on the Carbon abundance
39- 43 F5.2 [-] [O/H] Oxygen abundance
45- 48 F4.2 [-] e_[O/H] Uncertainty on the Oxygen abundance
50- 53 F4.2 [-] [Na/H] Sodium abundance
55- 58 F4.2 [-] e_[Na/H] Uncertainty on the Sodium abundance
60- 64 F5.2 [-] [Mg/H] Magnesium abundance
66- 69 F4.2 [-] e_[Mg/H] Uncertainty on the Magnesium abundance
71- 75 F5.2 [-] [Al/H] Aluminium abundance
77- 80 F4.2 [-] e_[Al/H] Uncertainty on the Aluminium abundance
82- 86 F5.2 [-] [Si/H] Silicon abundance
88- 91 F4.2 [-] e_[Si/H] Uncertainty on the Silicon abundance
93- 97 F5.2 [-] [S/H] Sulfur abundance
99-102 F4.2 [-] e_[S/H] Uncertainty on the Sulfur abundance
104-108 F5.2 [-] [Ca/H] Calcium abundance
110-113 F4.2 [-] e_[Ca/H] Uncertainty on the Calcium abundance
115-119 F5.2 [-] [Sc/H] Scandium abundance
121-124 F4.2 [-] e_[Sc/H] Uncertainty on the Scandium abundance
126-130 F5.2 [-] [Ti/H] Titanium abundance
132-135 F4.2 [-] e_[Ti/H] Uncertainty on the Titanium abundance
137-141 F5.2 [-] [V/H] Vanadium abundance
143-146 F4.2 [-] e_[V/H] Uncertainty on the Vanadium abundance
148-152 F5.2 [-] [Cr/H] Chromium abundance
154-157 F4.2 [-] e_[Cr/H] Uncertainty on the Chromium abundance
159-163 F5.2 [-] [Mn/H] Manganese abundance
165-168 F4.2 [-] e_[Mn/H] Uncertainty on the Manganese abundance
170-174 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] Iron abundance
176-179 F4.2 [-] e_[Fe/H] Uncertainty on the Iron abundance
181-185 F5.2 [-] [Co/H] Cobalt abundance
187-190 F4.2 [-] e_[Co/H] Uncertainty on the Cobalt abundance
192-196 F5.2 [-] [Ni/H] Nichel abundance
198-201 F4.2 [-] e_[Ni/H] Uncertainty on the Nichel abundance
203-207 F5.2 [-] [Cu/H] Copper abundance
209-212 F4.2 [-] e_[Cu/H] Uncertainty on the Copper abundance
214-218 F5.2 [-] [Zn/H] Zinc abundance
220-223 F4.2 [-] e_[Zn/H] Uncertainty on the Zinc abundance
225-229 F5.2 [-] [Sr/H] Strontium abundance
231-234 F4.2 [-] e_[Sr/H] Uncertainty on the Strontium abundance
236-240 F5.2 [-] [Y/H] Yttrium abundance
242-245 F4.2 [-] e_[Y/H] Uncertainty on the Yttrium abundance
247-250 F4.2 [-] [Zr/H] ? Zirconium abundance
252-255 F4.2 [-] e_[Zr/H] ? Uncertainty on the Zirconium abundance
257-261 F5.2 [-] [Ba/H] Barium abundance
263-266 F4.2 [-] e_[Ba/H] Uncertainty on the Barium abundance
268-271 F4.2 [-] [La/H] Lanthanum abundance
273-276 F4.2 [-] e_[La/H] Uncertainty on the Lanthanum abundance
278-282 F5.2 [-] [Ce/H] Cerium abundance
284-287 F4.2 [-] e_[Ce/H] Uncertainty on the Cerium abundance
289-293 F5.2 [-] [Pr/H] ? Praseodymium abundance
295-298 F4.2 [-] e_[Pr/H] ? Uncertainty on the Praseodymium abundance
300-304 F5.2 [-] [Nd/H] Neodymium abundance
306-309 F4.2 [-] e_[Nd/H] Uncertainty on the Neodymium abundance
311-315 F5.2 [-] [Sm/H] Samarium abundance
317-320 F4.2 [-] e_[Sm/H] Uncertainty on the Samarium abundance
322-326 F5.2 [-] [Eu/H] Europium abundance
328-331 F4.2 [-] e_[Eu/H] Uncertainty on the Europium abundance
333-337 F5.2 [-] [Gd/H] Gadolinium abundance
339-342 F4.2 [-] e_[Gd/H] Uncertainty on the Gadolinium abundance
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 26 A26 --- Name Star name
28- 37 A10 --- Mode Mode of pulsation
39- 48 F10.7 d Per Period (the long one is reported in case of
multiple pulsation)
50- 58 E9.1 d e_Per Uncertainty on the period
60- 70 F11.5 d Epoch Epoch of maximum light
72- 80 E9.1 d e_Epoch Uncertainty on the epoch of maximum light
82- 86 F5.3 mag AmpV Peak-to-peak amplitude in the V band
88- 92 F5.3 mag e_AmpV Uncertainty on the peak-to-peak amplitude
in the V band
94- 99 F6.3 mag Bmag ?=- Intensity-averaged magnitude in the B band
101-105 F5.3 mag e_Bmag ?=- Uncertainty on the intensity-averaged
magnitude in the B band
107-112 F6.3 mag Vmag Intensity-averaged magnitude in the V band
114-117 F4.2 mag e_Vmag Uncertainty on the intensity-averaged
magnitude in the V band
119-124 F6.3 mag Imag ?=- Intensity-averaged magnitude in the I band
126-130 F5.3 mag e_Imag ?=- Uncertainty on the intensity-averaged
magnitude in the I band
132-137 F6.3 mag Jmag Intensity-averaged magnitude in the J band
139-143 F5.3 mag e_Jmag Uncertainty on the intensity-averaged
magnitude in the J band
145-149 F5.3 mag Hmag Intensity-averaged magnitude in the H band
151-155 F5.3 mag e_Hmag Uncertainty on the intensity-averaged
magnitude in the H band
157-161 F5.3 mag Ksmag Intensity-averaged magnitude in the Ks band
163-167 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag Uncertainty on the intensity-averaged
magnitude in the Ks band
169-173 F5.3 mag E(B-V) Reddening
175-179 F5.3 mag e_E(B-V) Uncertainty on the Reddening estimate
181-187 A7 --- Ref Literature sources for the optical
photometry (1)
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Note (1): References as follows:
a = ASASSN (Shappee et al. 2014ApJ...788...48S 2014ApJ...788...48S, Cat. J/ApJ/788/48;
Kochanek et al. 2017PASP..129j4502K 2017PASP..129j4502K)
b = Berdnikov et al. (2011ARep...55..816B 2011ARep...55..816B, Cat. J/AZh/88/886)
c = ASAS (Pojmanski 2002AcA....52..397P 2002AcA....52..397P, Cat. II/264)
d = Schmidt, Rogalla & Thacker-Lynn (2011AJ....141...53S 2011AJ....141...53S, Cat. J/AJ/141/53)
e = Berdnikov et al. (2009AstL...35..311B 2009AstL...35..311B...55..816B, Cat. J/PAZh/35/348)
f = Udalski et al. (2018AcA....68..315U 2018AcA....68..315U, Cat. J/AcA/68/315)
g = Berdnikov et al. (2015AstL...41...23B 2015AstL...41...23B, cat. J/PAZh/41/27)
h = Berdnikov et al. (2004PASP..116..536B 2004PASP..116..536B)
i = Alfonso-Garzon et al. (2012A&A...548A..79A 2012A&A...548A..79A, Cat. J/A+A/548/A79)
j = Schmidt et al. (2005AJ....130..832S 2005AJ....130..832S, Cat. J/AJ/130/832)
k = Berdnikov (2008, Cat II/285)
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Acknowledgements:
Vincenzo Ripepi, vincenzo.ripepi(at)inaf.it
Gianni Catanzaro, Erasmo Trentin
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 24-Jun-2022