J/other/NatAs/3.760 Blue supergiants low-frequency gravity waves (Bowman+, 2019)

Low-frequency gravity waves in blue supergiants revealed by high-precision space photometry. Bowman D.M., Burssens S., Pedersen M.G., Johnston C., Aerts C., Buysschaert B., Michielsen M., Tkachenko A., Rogers T.M., Edelmann P.V.F., Ratnasingam R.P., Simon-Diaz S., Castro N., Moravveji E., Pope B.J.S., White T.R., De Cat P. <Nature Astronomy, 3, 760-765 (2019)> =2019NatAs...3..760B 2019NatAs...3..760B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, supergiant ; Blue objects ; Stars, variable ; Asteroseismology ; Optical Abstract: Almost all massive stars explode as supernovae and form a black hole or neutron star. The remnant mass and the impact of the chemical yield on subsequent star formation and galactic evolution strongly depend on the internal physics of the progenitor star, which is currently not well understood. The theoretical uncertainties of stellar interiors accumulate with stellar age, which is particularly pertinent for the blue supergiant phase. Stellar oscillations represent a unique method of probing stellar interiors, yet inference for blue supergiants is hampered by a dearth of observed pulsation modes. Here we report the detection of diverse variability in blue supergiants using the K2 and TESS space missions. The discovery of pulsation modes or an entire spectrum of low-frequency gravity waves in these stars allow us to map the evolution of hot massive stars towards the ends of their lives. Future asteroseismic modelling will provide constraints on ages, core masses, interior mixing, rotation and angular momentum transport. The discovery of variability in blue supergiants is a step towards a data-driven empirical calibration of theoretical evolution models for the most massive stars in the Universe. Description: We assembled a sample of 114 ecliptic stars and 53 Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) stars of spectral type O or B with available K2 and TESS space photometry, respectively. We provide the fit parameters α0, νchar and γ used to characterize the morphology of the stochastic low-frequency variability in the residual amplitude spectra of 111 K2 ecliptic stars and the original amplitude spectra of 53 TESS LMC stars File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file tabled1.dat 87 114 Parameters of the 114 OB stars observed by the K2 space mission tabled2.dat 87 53 Parameters of 53 OB stars in the LMC observed by the TESS space mission tabled3.dat 73 114 Fit parameters of residual amplitude spectra of K2 OB stars tabled4.dat 73 53 Fit parameters of amplitude spectra of TESS LMC OB stars -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017) IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019) Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled1.dat tabled2.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 9 I9 --- Name EPIC (tabled1) or TESS (tabled2) (1) 11- 29 I19 --- GaiaDR2 Gaia DR2 source_id (some erroneous numbers) 31- 44 A14 --- SpType Spectral type 46- 51 F6.3 mag BP-RP Gaia Bp-RP colour index 53- 58 F6.3 mag GMAG Absolute Gaia G magnitude 60- 77 A18 --- VClass Variability class 79- 87 A9 --- VClassL Literature Variability class -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): In table d1, EPIC 200069370 not in the EPIC catalog. EPIC 200182931 (Gaia DR2 3870025847369434624) not in the EPIC and Gaia DR2 catalogs. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled3.dat tabled4.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 9 I9 --- Name EPIC (tabled2) or TESS (tabled4) 11- 19 F9.3 --- alpha0 ? Amplitude at a frequency of zero 21- 25 F5.3 --- e_alpha0 ? Amplitude at a frequency of zero error 27- 34 F8.5 --- nu-char ? Characteristic frequency 36- 42 F7.5 --- e_nu-char ? Characteristic frequency error 44- 51 F8.5 --- gamma ? logarithmic amplitude gradient 53- 59 F7.5 --- e_gamma ? logarithmic amplitude gradient error 61- 67 F7.3 --- C Frequency-independent noise term 69- 73 F5.3 --- e_C Frequency-independent noise term error -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- History: From electronic version of the journal
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 08-Aug-2023
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