J/ApJS/211/15 SiO and H2O maser survey toward AGB & post-AGB stars (Yoon+, 2014) ================================================================================ SiO and H_2_O maser survey toward post-asymptotic giant branch and asymptotic giant branch stars. Yoon D.-H., Cho S.-H., Kim J., Yun Y.J., Park Y.-S. =2014ApJS..211...15Y ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: Masers ; Radio lines ; Stars, giant ; Stars, late-type Keywords: circumstellar matter; masers; radio lines: stars; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: late-type Abstract: We performed simultaneous observations of SiO(v=1,2), ^29^SiO(v=0,J=1-0) and H_2_O(6_16_-5_23_) maser lines toward 143 AGB and 164 post-asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in order to investigate how evolutionary characteristics from AGB to post-AGB stars appear in both SiO and H_2_O maser emissions. The observations were carried out from 2011 February to 2012 March using the Korean VLBI Network single-dish telescopes. We have detected SiO and/or H_2_O maser emission from 21 sources out of 164 post-AGB stars including 12 new detections. Of 143 AGB stars, we detected SiO and/or H_2_O maser emission from 44 stars including 24 new detections. SiO(v=2,J=1-0) maser emission without a SiO(v=1) maser was detected from 7 sources among 14 SiO-detected post-AGB stars, and the intensity of the SiO(v=2,J=1-0) maser tends to be much stronger than that of SiO(v=1), which is different from those of AGB stars. This may be related to the development of hot dust shells according to the evolutionary processes of post-AGB stars. We also found that both SiO and H_2_O masers were detected in the blue group (LI, or Left of IRAS), while only the H_2_O maser was detected in the red group (RI, or Right of IRAS) for post-AGB stars. These different detection rates between SiO and H_2_O masers may originate from the different abundances of masing molecules in the circumstellar envelope according to the different mass and expansion velocity between LI and RI regions together with their evolutionary stages. Description: Simultaneous observations of SiO(v=1,2,J=1-0) ^29^SiO(v=0,J=1-0) (43.122080GHz, 42.820587GHz and 42.879916GHz) and H_2_O(6_16_-5_23_) (22.235080GHz) maser lines were performed with three KVN (Korean VLBI Network) 21m single-dish radio telescopes (at Yonsei University campus, Ulsan University campus, and Tamna University campus) toward the 164 post-AGB and 143 AGB stars. Observations were carried out from 2011 February to 2012 March. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table3.dat 110 164 List of post-AGB sources table4.dat 104 143 List of AGB sources table5.dat 134 3 Peak values for post-AGB stars with both SiO(J=1-0) and H_2_O maser detections table7.dat 94 11 Peak values for post-AGB stars with SiO-only maser detections table9.dat 146 7 Results for post-AGB stars with H_2_O-only maser detections table10.dat 134 12 Peak values for AGB stars with both SiO(J=1-0) and H_2_O maser detections table12.dat 94 28 Peak values for AGB stars with SiO-only maser detections table14.dat 146 4 Results for AGB stars with H_2_O-only maser detections table15.dat 60 143 Results of both SiO(J=1-0) and H_2_O undetected post-AGB stars table16.dat 60 99 Results of both SiO(J=1-0) and H_2_O undetected AGB stars refs.dat 187 67 References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: B/vsx : AAVSO International Variable Star Index VSX (Watson+, 2006-2014) B/mk : Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2014) B/gcvs : General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013) VI/135 : All-sky spectrally matched Tycho2 stars (Pickles+, 2010) III/254 : 2nd Cat. of RVs with Astrometric Data (Kharchenko+, 2007) III/249 : Stellar radial velocities bibliographic catalog (Malaroda+, 2006) III/231 : The Tycho-2 Spectral Type Catalog (Wright+, 2003) III/213 : General Catalog of mean radial velocities (Barbier-Brossat+, 2000) III/206 : 13th General Catalogue of MK Spectral Classification (Buscombe 1998) V/68 : Stellar Maser Observations (Benson+ 1990) II/125 : IRAS Point Sources catalogue (PSC), Version 2.0 (IPAC 1986) J/PASJ/64/4 : SiO maser survey of nearby red variables (Deguchi+, 2012) J/MNRAS/418/1689 : Red MSX water maser and ammonia emissions (Urquhart+, 2011) J/PASJ/62/525 : SiO maser survey off the Galactic Plane (Deguchi+, 2010) J/A+A/507/795 : The RMS survey: water masers of YSOs (Urquhart+, 2009) J/PASJ/59/1185 : Water maser in galactic IRAS sources (Sunada+, 2007) J/PASJ/59/559 : SiO maser search off the Galactic plane (Deguchi+, 2007) J/ApJ/669/446 : Observations of SiO masers (Nakashima+, 2007) J/ApJ/658/1096 : H2O maser classification (Deacon+, 2007) J/AN/328/889 : Mean Radial Velocities of open clusters (Kharchenko+, 2007) J/A+A/474/891 : 13CO obs. of YSOs in South Gal. plane (Urquhart+, 2007) J/A+A/469/799 : Torun cat. of post-AGB and related objects (Szczerba+, 2007) J/MNRAS/369/783 : RVs + distances of carbon stars (Menzies+, 2006) J/A+A/458/173 : Optical spectroscopy of 253 IRAS sources (Suarez+, 2006) J/PASJ/56/765 : SiO maser survey of IRAS sources (Deguchi+, 2004) J/PASJ/55/229 : SiO maser survey of cold IRAS sources (Nakashima+, 2003) J/A+A/399/1083 : Outer Galaxy IRAS sources and 12CO emission (Kerton+, 2003) J/A+A/390/501 : Millimetre obs. of carbon stars. I. (Groenewegen+, 2002) J/PASJ/54/719 : IRAS/SiO sources in the Galactic bulge (Deguchi+, 2002) J/AJ/123/2772 : OH-selected AGB and post-AGB objects. I. (Sevenster+, 2002) J/A+A/368/845 : Arcetri Cat. of H2O maser sources. (Valdettaro+, 2001) J/PASJ/53/293 : IRAS/SiO sources toward Galactic Bulge (Deguchi+, 2001) J/A+AS/127/185 : SiO masers in OH/IR stars, proto-PN and PN (Nyman+ 1998) J/A+A/296/727 : Semiregular variables H2O maser (Szymczak+, 1995) J/A+A/277/453 : OH maser survey of cool IRAS sources (David+ 1993) J/A+A/275/163 : Luminous Carbon stars in Galactic Plane (Kastner+ 1993) J/A+AS/93/121 : CO emission from a sample of IRAS sources (Nyman+ 1992) Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[34].dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 3 I3 --- Seq Running sequence number 5- 19 A15 --- Name Source name 21- 23 A3 --- OType Source type (only for table 4) (1) 25- 26 I2 h RAh IRAS PSC hour of right ascension (J2000) (2) 28- 29 I2 min RAm IRAS PSC minute of right ascension (J2000) 31- 35 F5.2 s RAs IRAS PSC second of right ascension (J2000) 37 A1 --- DE- IRAS PSC sign of declination (J2000) (2) 38- 39 I2 deg DEd IRAS PSC degree of declination (J2000) (2) 41- 42 I2 arcmin DEm IRAS PSC arcminute of declination (J2000) 44- 47 F4.1 arcsec DEs IRAS PSC arcsecond of declination (J2000) 49- 55 F7.2 km/s RV [-143/205]? Radial velocity of central star 57- 58 A2 --- r_RV ? RV reference (see refs.dat file) 60- 68 A9 --- SpT MK spectral type (3) 70- 75 F6.1 d Per [23/1422]? Period (3) 77 A1 --- l_SH2O Limit flag on SH2O 79- 84 F6.2 Jy SH2O [0.1/160]? Maser peak flux density of H_2_O(6_16_-5_23_; 22GHz) 86- 87 A2 --- r_SH2O ? SH2O reference (see refs.dat file) 89 A1 --- l_SSiO Limit flag on SSiO 91- 96 F6.2 Jy SSiO [0.1/175]? Maser peak flux density of SiO(v=1, J=1-0) 98 A1 --- n_SSiO [n] n indicates the SiO(v=1,J=2-1) transition 100-101 A2 --- r_SSiO SSiO reference (see refs.dat file) 103-110 A8 --- Ref Source reference(s) (see refs.dat file) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): Source type from SIMBAD as follows: Mi* = variable star of Mira Cet type, sr* = semi-regular valiable star, Ir* = irregular variable star, IR = infrared source, OH* = star with an envelope of OH/IR type, Sy* = symbiotic star, Be* = Be star. Note (2): From NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive: http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/Gator/nph-dd?catalog=iraspsc Note (3): Spectral type and period reference from: * Samus et al. 2009 (Cat. B/gcvs); * Buscombe 1998 (Cat. III/206); * Skiff 2010 (Cat. B/mk); * Wright et al. 2003 (Cat. III/231); * Watson et al. 2012 (Cat. B/vsx); * Bujarrabal (1994A&A...285..953B); * Pickles & Depagne 2010 (Cat. VI/135). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat table10.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 3 I3 --- Seq Running sequence number 5- 19 A15 --- Name Source name 21- 25 F5.3 K TSiO1 ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=1) (43.12GHz) peak temperature 27 A1 --- f_TSiO1 [a] new detection 29 A1 --- l_TSiO2 Limit flag on TSiO2 30- 33 F4.2 K TSiO2 ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=2) (42.82GHz) peak temperature 35 A1 --- f_TSiO2 [a] new detection 37 A1 --- l_T29SiO Limit flag on T29SiO 39- 42 F4.2 K T29SiO ^29^SiO(J=1-0,v=0) (42.88GHz) peak temperature 44 A1 --- f_T29SiO [a] new detection 46- 49 F4.2 K TH2O1 ? H_2_O (22.235GHz) 1st peak temperature 51- 54 F4.2 K TH2O2 ? H_2_O (22.235GHz) 2nd peak temperature 56- 59 F4.2 K TH2O3 ? H_2_O (22.235GHz) 3rd peak temperature 60 A1 --- f_TH2O1 [a] new detection 62- 67 F6.2 km/s VSiO1 Peak V_LSR_ of ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=1) 69- 74 F6.2 km/s VSiO2 ? Peak V_LSR_ of ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=2) 76- 81 F6.2 km/s V29SiO ? Peak V_LSR_ of ^29^SiO(J=1-0,v=0) 83- 88 F6.2 km/s VH2O1 ? First peak V_LSR_ of H_2_O (22.235GHz) 90- 95 F6.2 km/s VH2O2 ? Second peak V_LSR_ of H_2_O (22.235GHz) 97-102 F6.2 km/s VH2O3 ? Third peak V_LSR_ of H_2_O (22.235GHz) 104-107 F4.2 --- TrSiO [0.3/4.5]? Peak antenna temperature ratios between SiO(v=2) and (v=1) maser lines 109-112 F4.2 --- TrH2O1 ? First temperature ratio H_2_O/SiO(v=1) 114-117 F4.2 --- TrH2O2 ? Second temperature ratio H_2_O/SiO(v=1) 119-122 F4.2 --- TrH2O3 ? Third temperature ratio H_2_O/SiO(v=1) 124-131 A8 "DD/MM/YY" Date Date of the observation 133-134 A2 --- Tel Telescope used for the observation (G2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat table12.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 3 I3 --- Seq Running sequence number 5- 19 A15 --- Name Source name 21 A1 --- l_TSiO1 Limit flag on TSiO1 23- 27 F5.3 K TSiO1 ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=1) (43.12GHz) peak temperature 29 A1 --- f_TSiO1 [ab] new or smoothed detection (G1) 31 A1 --- l_TSiO2 Limit flag on TSiO2 33- 37 F5.3 K TSiO2 ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=2) (42.82GHz) peak temperature 39 A1 --- f_TSiO2 [ab] new or smoothed detection (G1) 41 A1 --- l_T29SiO Limit flag on T29SiO 43- 46 F4.2 K T29SiO ^29^SiO(J=1-0,v=0) (42.88GHz) peak temperature 48 A1 --- l_TH2O Limit flag on TH2O 50- 53 F4.2 K TH2O H_2_O (22.235GHz) peak temperature 55- 60 F6.2 km/s VSiO1 ? Peak V_LSR_ of ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=1) (43.12GHz) 62- 67 F6.2 km/s VSiO2 ? Peak V_LSR_ of ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=2) (42.82GHz) 69- 74 F6.2 km/s V29SiO ? Peak V_LSR_ of ^29^SiO(J=1-0,v=0) (42.88GHz) 76- 79 F4.2 --- TrSiO [0.4/6.4]? Peak antenna temperature ratios between SiO(v=2) and (v=1) maser lines 81- 91 A11 "date" Date Date of the observation 93- 94 A2 --- Tel Telescope used for the observation (G2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat table14.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 3 I3 --- Seq Running sequence number 5- 19 A15 --- Name Source name 21 A1 --- l_TSiO1 Limit flag on TSiO1 22- 25 F4.2 K TSiO1 ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=1) (43.12GHz) peak temperature 27 A1 --- l_TSiO2 Limit flag on TSiO2 28- 31 F4.2 K TSiO2 ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=2) (42.82GHz) peak temperature 33 A1 --- l_T29SiO Limit flag on T29SiO 34- 37 F4.2 K T29SiO ^29^SiO(J=1-0,v=0) (42.88GHz) peak temperature 39- 42 F4.2 --- TH2O [0.07/1.6] H_2_O (22.235GHz) peak temperature 44- 46 A3 --- f_TH2O [ab, ] new or smoothed detection (G1) 48-117 A70 km/s Vlsr V_LSR_ peak 119-123 F5.2 K.km/s IntTA [0.08/19.3] Integrated antenna temperature 125-131 F7.2 km/s Mean LSR velocity 133-143 A11 "date" Date Date of the observation 145-146 A2 --- Tel Telescope used for the observation (G2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1[56].dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 3 I3 --- Seq [1/164] Running sequence number 5- 19 A15 --- Name Source name 21 A1 --- l_SiO1 Limit flag on SiO1 (1) 22- 26 F5.3 K SiO1 rms limit of ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=1) (43.12GHz) 28 A1 --- l_SiO2 Limit flag on SiO2 (1) 29- 33 F5.3 K SiO2 rms limit of ^28^SiO(J=1-0,v=2) (42.82GHz) 35 A1 --- l_SiO29 Limit flag on SiO29 (1) 36- 40 F5.3 K SiO29 rms limit of ^29^SiO(J=1-0,v=1) 42 A1 --- l_H2O Limit flag on H2O (1) 43- 47 F5.3 K H2O rms limit of H_2_O (22.235GHz) peak temperature 49- 57 A9 "DD/MMM/YY" Date Date of observation 59- 60 A2 --- Tel Telescope used for the observation (G2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): Upper limits are given as three rms. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 2 A2 --- Ref Reference code 4- 22 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode 24- 48 A25 --- Aut Author's name(s) 50-187 A138 --- Com Comment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Global notes: Note (G1): Flag as follows: a = New detection b = rms: 0.016K (Hanning smoothed). Note (G2): Telescope of Korean VLBI Network used: US=Ulsan, YS=Yonsei, or TN=Tamna -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- History: From electronic version of the journal ================================================================================ (End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 09-Apr-2014