J/ApJ/867/107 SuGOHI. II. Lenses from HSC SSP DR2 & environment (Wong+, 2018) ================================================================================ Survey of Gravitationally lensed Objects in HSC Imaging (SuGOHI). II. Environments and line-of-sight structure of strong gravitational lens galaxies to z~0.8. Wong K.C., Sonnenfeld A., Chan J.H.H., Rusu C.E., Tanaka M., Jaelani A.T., Lee C.-H., More A., Oguri M., Suyu S.H., Komiyama Y. =2018ApJ...867..107W (SIMBAD/NED BibCode) ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: Gravitational lensing; Redshifts; Surveys Keywords: gravitational lensing: strong; large-scale structure of universe Abstract: We investigate the local and line-of-sight (LOS) overdensities of strong gravitational lens galaxies using wide-area multiband imaging from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program. We present 41 new definite or probable lens candidates discovered in Data Release 2 of the survey. Using a combined sample of 87 galaxy-scale lenses out to a lens redshift of z_L_~0.8, we compare galaxy number counts in LOSs toward known and newly discovered lenses in the survey to those of a control sample consisting of random LOSs. We also compare the local overdensity of lens galaxies to a sample of "twin" galaxies that have similar redshift and velocity dispersion to test whether lenses lie in different environments from similar nonlens galaxies. We find that lens fields contain higher number counts of galaxies compared to the control fields, but this effect arises from the local environment of the lens. Once galaxies in the lens plane are removed, the lens LOSs are consistent with the control sample. The local environments of the lenses are overdense compared to the control sample, and are slightly overdense compared to those of the twin sample, although the significance is marginal. There is no significant evidence of the evolution of the local overdensity of lens environments with redshift. Description: The HSC SSP (Aihara+ 2018PASJ...70S...8A) is an ongoing imaging survey with the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) on the Subaru Telescope. The data used in this study are taken from Data Release 2 of the HSC SSP, which comprises data taken through the S17A semester and covers 776deg^2^ in grizy bands. Our sample of strong lenses using various search algorithms is based on a pre-selection of candidate lens galaxies. These candidates are taken from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS; Dawson+ 2013AJ....145...10D). The initial sample of SuGOHI-g lenses used the BOSS Data Release 12 (Alam+ 2015, V/147). File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table1.dat 54 41 Grade A lenses and grade B candidates in Data Release 2 of the HSC SSP table2.dat 77 87 Main lens sample table4.dat 74 87 *Local and line-of-sight (LOS) overdensity of individual lens fields table6.dat 64 55 *Additional lenses not in main sample table7.dat 74 55 *Local and LOS overdensity of individual lens fields not in main sample table8.dat 74 87 *Local and LOS overdensity of individual lens fields (no Poisson error) table9.dat 74 55 *Local and LOS overdensity of individual lens fields not in main sample (no Poisson error) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note on table4.dat and table8.dat: Relative LOS overdensities are calculated for a magnitude limit of i<=24. Overdensities are normalized by the mean values across all control fields. In table 4, the uncertainties include Poisson uncertainties in the calculation of lens field quantites and error on the mean in the control fields. In table 8, however, the uncertainties do not include Poisson uncertainties in the calculation of lens field quantites. Note on table6.dat and table7.dat and table9.dat: Lenses listed here either do not have velocity dispersion measurements from BOSS or have unreliable velocity dispersion measurements, so they are not included in our main analysis. We list their local and LOS overdensities here for completeness. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015) V/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), Release 16 (DR16) (Ahumada+, 2020) J/ApJ/641/169 : Spectroscopy in lens fields (Momcheva+, 2006) J/AJ/135/496 : SDSS quasar lens search. II. (Inada+, 2008) J/ApJS/176/19 : COSMOS: strong lens systems (Faure+, 2008) J/ApJ/690/670 : The Sloan lens ACS Survey. VIII. (Treu+, 2009) J/ApJ/749/38 : CFHTLS-SL2S-ARCS strong lens candidates (More+, 2012) J/ApJ/777/97 : SL2S galaxy-scale lens sample. III. (Sonnenfeld+, 2013) J/ApJ/824/86 : The BOSS emission-line lens survey. III. (Shu+, 2016) J/ApJ/826/56 : HST/WFC3 obs. of Cepheids in SN Ia host gal. (Riess+, 2016) J/ApJ/833/194 : Group of galaxies in gravitational lens fields (Wilson+, 2016) J/MNRAS/465/4914 : R-band light curves of HE 0435-1223 (Bonvin+, 2017) J/MNRAS/467/4220 : Galaxies inside 120 arcsec of HE 0435-1223 (Rusu+, 2017) J/MNRAS/470/4838 : Redshift cat. of HE 0435-1223 field-of-view (Sluse+, 2017) J/ApJ/850/94 : Sp. of the fields of gravitational lenses (Wilson+, 2017) J/A+A/642/A148 : SuGOHI VI. List up to 2020 (Sonnenfeld+, 2020) J/ApJ/909/27 : Strong gravitational lenses in DESI Surveys (Huang+, 2021) http://www.sdss3.org/ : SDSS-III home page http://hsc.mtk.nao.ac.jp/ssp/science/strong-lensing/ : Strong lensing with HSC http://admin.masterlens.org/ : The Master Lens Database & Orphan Lenses Project Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 17 A17 --- Name Lens candidate identifier (HSCJHHMMSS+DDMMSS) 19- 26 F8.4 deg RAdeg [29/354] Right ascension (J2000) 28- 34 F7.4 deg DEdeg [-2.3/43.6] Declination (J2000) 36- 40 F5.3 --- zL [0.26/0.8] Lens redshift 42- 46 F5.3 --- zS [1.17]? Source redshift 48- 52 A5 --- sSet Subsample of BOSS LRGs in which the lens galaxy belongs to (1) 54 A1 --- Grade Grade of the candidate (2) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): BOSS subsample as follows: CMASS = primarily 0.4 (G2) 30- 33 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r30 [0.14/0.7] Neff-r30 uncertainty 35- 38 F4.2 --- Neff-r60 [0.6/2.3] Effective galaxy number counts within r_ap_<=60", N_eff_/ (G2) 40- 43 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r60 [0.1/0.23] Neff-r60 uncertainty 45- 48 F4.2 --- Neff-r90 [0.7/1.8] Effective galaxy number counts within r_ap_<=90", N_eff_/ (G2) 50- 53 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r90 [0.08/0.13] Neff-r90 uncertainty 55- 58 F4.2 --- Neff-r120 [0.76/1.7] Effective galaxy number counts within r_ap_<=120", N_eff_/ (G2) 60- 63 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r120 [0.06/0.1] Neff-r120 uncertainty 65- 69 F5.2 --- Den [0.43/10.3] Normalized density, {Sigma}_10_/<{Sigma}_10_^cont^> (G3) 71- 74 F4.2 --- e_Den [0.14/3.7] Den uncertainty -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (G2): We quantify the density of a LOS by the effective galaxy number counts, Neff, brighter than a limiting i-band magnitude and within a projected radial distance rap of each lens. We can calculate the fractional overdensity of a lens LOS relative to a random LOS by normalizing Neff by a factor of , which is the mean Neff across all control fields for the same aperture size and limiting magnitude. See Section 5.2. Note (G3): To evaluate the local overdensity in the environment of a lens or twin galaxy, we use a standard measure of environment, {Sigma}_10_, defined in Equation (3) as: {Sigma}_10_=10/({pi}D_p,10_^2^) where D_p,10_ is the projected distance in megaparsecs to the tenth nearest neighbor that is brighter than i=24 and has a redshift within {delta}z/(1+z_L_)<=0.05 of the lens redshift. See Section 5.3. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 23 A23 --- Name Lens identifier 25- 32 F8.4 deg RAdeg [33.19/353.13] Right ascension (J2000) 34- 40 F7.4 deg DEdeg [-6.7/44.2] Declination (J2000) 42- 46 F5.3 --- zL [0.039/1.13] Lens redshift 48- 53 F6.4 --- zS [0.3/4.5]? Source redshift 55- 64 A10 --- Ref Reference (G1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[89].dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 23 A23 --- Name Lens identifier 25- 28 F4.2 --- Neff-r30w [0.3/3.3] Effective galaxy number counts within r_ap_<=30", N_eff_/ (G2) 30- 33 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r30w [0.04/0.5] Neff-r30 uncertainty 35- 38 F4.2 --- Neff-r60w [0.6/2.3] Effective galaxy number counts within r_ap_<=60", N_eff_/ (G2) 40- 43 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r60w [0.04/0.14] Neff-r60 uncertainty 45- 48 F4.2 --- Neff-r90w [0.7/1.8] Effective galaxy number counts within r_ap_<=90", N_eff_/ (G2) 50- 53 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r90w [0.03/0.08] Neff-r90 uncertainty 55- 58 F4.2 --- Neff-r120w [0.76/1.7] Effective galaxy number counts within r_ap_<=120", N_eff_/ (G2) 60- 63 F4.2 --- e_Neff-r120w [0.03/0.06] Neff-r120 uncertainty 65- 69 F5.2 --- Denw [0.43/10.3] Normalized density, {Sigma}_10_/<{Sigma}_10_^cont^> (G3) 71- 74 F4.2 --- e_Denw [0.03/1.8] Den uncertainty -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Global notes: Note (G1): Reference as follows: A11 = Auger et al. (2011MNRAS.411L...6A) B06 = Bolton et al. (2006ApJ...638..703B) B08 = Bolton et al. (2008ApJ...684..248B) B12 = Brownstein et al. (2012ApJ...744...41B) C19 = Chan et al. (2020A&A...636A..87C) E06 = Eigenbrod et al. (2006A&A...451..747E) E07 = Eigenbrod et al. (2007A&A...465...51E) F08 = Faure et al. (2008, J/ApJS/176/19) F11 = Faure et al. (2011A&A...529A..72F) FC98 = Fassnacht & Cohen (1998AJ....115..377F) H85 = Huchra et al. (1985AJ.....90..691H) I03 = Inada et al. (2003AJ....126..666I) I08 = Inada et al. (2008, J/AJ/135/496 ; superseded by J/AJ/143/119) J95 = Jackson et al. (1995MNRAS.274L..25J) M12 = More et al. (2012, J/ApJ/749/38) McM92 = McMahon et al. (1992Gemin..36....1M) N09 = Newton et al. (2009ApJ...696.1125N) N10 = Negrello et al. (2010Sci...330..800N) O08 = Oguri et al. (2008AJ....135..520O) S13a = Sonnenfeld et al. (2013, J/ApJ/777/97) S16 = Shu et al. (2016, J/ApJ/824/86) SuGOHI I = Sonnenfeld et al. (2018PASJ...70S..29S) SuGOHI II = This work T16 = Tanaka et al. (2016ApJ...826L..19T) W17a = Wong et al. (2017ApJ...843L..35W) Note (G2): We quantify the density of a LOS by the effective galaxy number counts, Neff, brighter than a limiting i-band magnitude and within a projected radial distance rap of each lens. We can calculate the fractional overdensity of a lens LOS relative to a random LOS by normalizing Neff by a factor of , which is the mean Neff across all control fields for the same aperture size and limiting magnitude. See Section 5.2. Note (G3): To evaluate the local overdensity in the environment of a lens or twin galaxy, we use a standard measure of environment, {Sigma}_10_, defined in Equation (3) as: {Sigma}_10_=10/({pi}D_p,10_^2^) where D_p,10_ is the projected distance in megaparsecs to the tenth nearest neighbor that is brighter than i=24 and has a redshift within {delta}z/(1+z_L_)<=0.05 of the lens redshift. See Section 5.3. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- History: From electronic version of the journal References: Sonnenfeld et al. Paper I. 2018PASJ...70S..29S Wong et al. Paper II. 2018ApJ...867..107W This catalog Sonnenfeld et al. Paper III. 2019A&A...630A..71S Chan et al. Paper IV. 2020A&A...636A..87C Jaelani et al. paper V. 2020MNRAS.495.1291J Sonnenfeld et al. Paper VI. 2020A&A...642A.148S Cat. J/A+A/642/148 Jaelani et al. Paper VII. 2021MNRAS.502.1487J ================================================================================ (End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 19-Aug-2022