J/MNRAS/488/1035 AGN UV luminosity function (Kulkarni+, 2019) ================================================================================ Evolution of the AGN UV luminosity function from redshift 7.5. Kulkarni G., Worseck G., Hennawi J.F. =2019MNRAS.488.1035K (SIMBAD/NED BibCode) ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: QSOs ; Active gal. nuclei ; Surveys ; Combined data Keywords: galaxies: active - intergalactic medium - quasars: general - dark ages, reionization, first stars Abstract: We present lists of more than 80000 mostly UV-optical colour-selected AGN from 12 data sets, homogenised with respect to the assumed cosmology, magnitude system, and bandpass correction (if possible). We also present the selection functions for each of the 12 data sets, similarly homogenised. The total sample spans redshifts from z=0 to 7.5. The paper presents a detailed description of the combined sample and determinations of the AGN UV luminosity function throughout this redshift range. The code for developing and analysing AGN luminosity functions is available on GitHub (https://github.com/gkulkarni/QLF). The inferred UV luminosity functions can also be used to derive the contribution of AGN to the cosmic UV background and its effect on the intergalactic medium (IGM). The GitHub repository also includes code for this. Here we also present the luminosity functions in redshift bins, luminosity function evolution models from the paper, the 912{AA} and 1450{AA} volume emissivity of AGN from z=0 to 15, and the hydrogen photoionization rate contribution by AGN in this redshift range. Description: We have analysed the evolution of the AGN UV luminosity function from redshift z=0 to 7.5 using a combined sample of 83488 mostly UV-optical colour-selected AGN from 12 data sets, homogenized with respect to the assumed cosmology, magnitude system, and bandpass correction (if possible). The vast majority of them (83469 AGN from 11/12 samples) have spectroscopic redshifts, and for all but 22 AGN the selection functions have been characterized. After restricting the sample due to persisting incompleteness at the faint end, we arrive at 77659 spectroscopically confirmed 03.5, respectively. To facilitate comparisons to future data sets, we make the homogenized AGN sample and the homogenized selection functions publicly available. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file samples.dat 60 84645 QSO list from the different samples selfunc.dat 72 49292 Selection functions for the different samples table2.dat 86 25 Posterior median double power law luminosity function parameters and their 1{sigma} (68.26%) statistical errors in various redshift bins table3.dat 69 14 Derived luminosity function evolution models tabled1.dat 75 25 Comoving emissivities at 912{AA} and 1450{AA} derived from our double power law luminosity function models in redshift bins (Table 2) for two magnitude limits tabled2.dat 102 151 *Comoving emissivities at 912{AA} and 1450{AA} obtained by fitting Equation (22) to the emissivities in selected redshift bins from Table D1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note on tabled2.dat: Cosmology assumed throughout this data compilation is Omega_m_=0.3, Omega_lambda_=0.7, H_0_=70km/s/Mpc. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: J/AJ/131/2766 : Quasar luminosity function from SDSS-DR3 (Richards+, 2006) J/ApJ/710/1498 : QSO luminosity function at z~4 (Glikman+, 2010) J/MNRAS/392/19 : The 2dF-SDSS QSO survey (Croom+, 2009) J/ApJS/199/3 : The quasars MMT-BOSS pilot survey (Ross+, 2012) J/ApJ/768/105 : z~5 QSO luminosity function from SDSS Stripe 82 (McGreer+, 2013) J/MNRAS/449/4204 : WFC3/UVIS quasar-stacked spectrum at z=~2.4 (Lusso+, 2015) J/ApJ/829/33 : Luminous of high-z QSOs with SDSS and WISE. II (Yang+, 2016) Byte-by-byte Description of file: samples.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 5 I5 --- counter Serial number, within the sample 7- 11 F5.3 --- z Redshift 13- 18 F6.2 mag M1450 Absolute AB magnitude at rest-frame 1450{AA} 20- 26 F7.5 --- p Selection function value 28- 36 F9.3 deg+2 area Survey area 37- 38 I2 --- SampleId Sample ID 40- 60 A21 --- Sample Sample definition (1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): definitions of the samples as follows: SDSS_DR7_z2p2 = Uniform SDSS DR7 QSO sample at z < 2.2 with Richards et al. (2006AJ....131.2766R, Cat. J/AJ/131/2766) selection function. 48,664 QSOs, z<2.2, imag_dered<19.1, 6248deg^2^ (Shen & Kelly, 2012ApJ...746..169S, Cat. J/ApJ/746/169). M1450 computed with imag corrected for host galaxy light (Croom et al. 2009MNRAS.399.1755C) and SED from Lusso et al. (2015MNRAS.449.4204L, Cat. J/MNRAS/449/4204). Host galaxy contribution may be significant and model-dependent at z<0.4. 2SLAQ_SGP = 2SLAQ sample in SGP region (Croom et al., 2009MNRAS.392...19C, Cat. J/MNRAS/392/19, 2009MNRAS.399.1755C). 2582 QSOs, 0.40.4 QSOs considered. Selection function corrected for coverage completeness (not all targets observed, different for NGP and SGP regions, Fig. 4 in catalog paper). Selection function corrected for spectroscopic completeness (redshift success, Fig. 6b in catalog paper, only quality=1 redshifts considered). QSOs with z > 2.2 in this dataset have not been used in this paper analysis. BOSS is preferred at z>2.2. 2SLAQ_NGP = 2SLAQ sample in NGP region (Croom et al. 2009MNRAS.392...19C, Cat. J/MNRAS/392/19, 2009MNRAS.399.1755C). 7864 QSOs, 0.40.4 QSOs considered. Selection function corrected for coverage completeness (not all targets observed, different for NGP and SGP regions, Fig. 4 in catalog paper). Selection function corrected for spectroscopic completeness (redshift success, Fig. 6b in catalog paper, only quality=1 redshifts considered). QSOs with z>2.2 in this dataset have not been used in the this paper analysis. BOSS is preferred at z>2.2. BOSS_DR9 = Uniform BOSS DR9 colour-selected QSO sample (Ross et al., 2012ApJS..199....3R, Cat. J/ApJS/199/3). 23301 2.20.85, 2236deg^2^. M1450 computed from imag with SED from Lusso et al. (2015MNRAS.449.4204L, Cat. J/MNRAS/449/4204)5. SDSS_DR7_z3p7 = Uniform SDSS DR7 QSO sample with Richards et al. (2006AJ....131.2766R. Cat. J/AJ/131/2766) selection function. 1785 QSOs at 3.719) have been incorporated into original selection function. mcgreer2013_dr7 = Uniform SDSS DR7 QSO sample with McGreer et al. (2013) selection function. 148 QSOs, 4.7-26.73 to avoid overlap with the Yang et al. 2016 sample mcgreer2013_dr7extend = Uniform SDSS DR7 QSO sample with McGreer et al. (2013ApJ...768..105M, Cat. J/ApJ/768/105) selection function. 28 QSOs, 5.1-26.73 to avoid overlap with the Yang et al. 2016ApJ...829...33Y, Cat. J/ApJ/829/33) sample mcgreer2013_s82 = Uniform Stripe 82 sample from Table 2 of McGreer et al. (2013ApJ...768..105M, Cat. J/ApJ/768/105), Magnitudes converted to H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, Omega_M_=0.3, Omega_Lambda_=0.7 cosmology. 52 QSOs, 4.70.4 QSOs considered. Selection function corrected for coverage completeness (not all targets observed, different for NGP and SGP regions, Fig. 4 in catalog paper). Selection function corrected for spectroscopic completeness (redshift success, Fig. 6b in catalog paper, only quality=1 redshifts considered). Redshifts z>2.2 in this dataset have not been used in the present paper analysis. BOSS is preferred at z>2.2. 2SLAQ_NGP = 2SLAQ selection function in NGP region (Croom et al., 2009MNRAS.392...19C, Cat. J/MNRAS/392/19). M1450 computed with gmag corrected for host galaxy light (Croom et al. 2009MNRAS.399.1755C) and SED from Lusso et al. (2015MNRAS.449.4204L, Cat. J/MNRAS/449/4204). Host galaxy contribution may be significant and model-dependent at z<0.4 so only z>0.4 QSOs considered. Selection function corrected for coverage completeness (not all targets observed, different for NGP and SGP regions, Fig. 4 in catalog paper). Selection function corrected for spectroscopic completeness (redshift success, Fig. 6b in catalog paper, only quality=1 redshifts considered). Redshifts z>2.2 in this dataset have not been used in the present paper analysis. BOSS is preferred at z>2.2. BOSS_DR9 = Uniform BOSS DR9 colour selection function (Ross et al., 2012ApJS..199....3R, Cat. J/ApJS/199/3). M1450 computed from imag with SED from Lusso et al. (2015MNRAS.449.4204L, Cat. J/MNRAS/449/4204). Selection function corrected for mean spectroscopic completeness (fsc=0.962). SDSS_DR7_z3p7 = SDSS selection function for colour-selected z>3.6 QSOs (Richards et al. 2006AJ....131.2766R. Cat. J/AJ/131/2766). M1450 computed from imag with SED from Lusso et al. (2015MNRAS.449.4204L, Cat. J/MNRAS/449/4204). Selection function corrected for photometric incompleteness. z>4.7 selection function differs significantly (factor ~2) from McGreer et al. (2013ApJ...768..105M, Cat. J/ApJ/768/105). K-correction from i band is uncertain at z>4.7 (Ly{alpha} emission and Ly{alpha} forest), z band not usable as Richards et al. selection function is given in i band, McGreer et al. (2013ApJ...768..105M, Cat. J/ApJ/768/105) selection function is preferred glikman2011_ndwfs = Glikman et al. (2010ApJ...710.1498G, Cat. J/ApJ/710/1498, 2011ApJ...728L..26G) selection function in NDWFS field (1.71deg^2^) including spectroscopic incompleteness. glikman2011_dls = Glikman et al. (2010ApJ...710.1498G, Cat. J/ApJ/710/1498, 2011ApJ...728L..26G) selection function in DLS field (2.05deg^2^) including spectroscopic incompleteness. yang2016 = Yang et al. (2016ApJ...829...33Y, Cat. J/ApJ/829/33) selection function Corrected to cosmology H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, Omega_M_=0.3, Omega_Lambda_=0.7. Corrected for image selection incompleteness (factor 0.97) and spectroscopic incompleteness (0.84 at zmag>19). Photometric selection function (Fig 5 in Yang et al.. 2016ApJ...829...33Y) provided by Jinyi Yang. mcgreer13_dr7 = SDSS DR7 selection function from McGreer et al. (2013ApJ...768..105M, Cat. J/ApJ/768/105). Corrected to cosmology H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, Omega_M_=0.3, Omega_Lambda_=0.7. Corrected for photometric and spectroscopic incompleteness. mcgreer13_s82 = Stripe 82 selection function from McGreer et al. (2013ApJ...768..105M, Cat. J/ApJ/768/105). Corrected to cosmology H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, Omega_M_=0.3, Omega_Lambda_=0.7. Corrected for photometric and spectroscopic incompleteness. jiang2016_main = Selection function for SDSS Main z~6 survey (Jiang et al. 2016ApJ...833..222J). Provided by Linhua Jiang. jiang2016_overlap = Selection function for SDSS Overlap Region z~6 survey (Jiang et al., 2016ApJ...833..222J). Provided by Linhua Jiang. jiang2016_s82 = Selection function for SDSS Stripe 82 z~6 survey (Jiang et al., 2016ApJ...833..222J). Provided by Linhua Jiang. willott2010_cfhqsdeep = Willott et al. (2010AJ....139..906W) selection function for CFHQS Deep Survey (4.47deg^2^), provided by Chris Willott. Corrected to cosmology H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, Omega_M_=0.3, Omega_Lambda_=0.7. willott2010_cfhqsvw = Willott et al. (2010AJ....139..906W) selection function for CFHQS Very Wide Survey (494deg^2), provided by Chris Willott. Corrected to cosmology H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, Omega_M_=0.3, Omega_Lambda_=0.7. kashikawa2015 = Kashikawa et al. (2015ApJ...798...28K) selection function for Subaru High-z Quasar Survey (6.5deg^2^). Provided by Nobunari Kashikawa. Cosmology is H_0_=70km/s/Mpc, Omega_M_=0.3, Omega_Lambda_=0.7. giallongo2015 = Giallongo et al. (2015A&A...578A..83G) selection function estimated from Giallongo's Table 3 comparing phi_obs and phi_corr. The actual selection probability is p/corr. The factors corr account for the sensitivity limit, which for other surveys is usually included in p. corr was calculated by taking the ratio of derived phi (using uncorrected selection probabilities) with the phi reported by Giallongo et al. (2015A&A...578A..83G). ukidss = Approximate completeness characterisation following the discussion in Section 5.1 of Jiang et al. (2016ApJ...833..222J). banados2018 = Approximate completeness characterisation suggested by Eduardo Banados. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 4 F4.2 --- z [0.3/6.0] Mean QSO redshift in this bin 6- 8 F3.1 --- zmin [0.1/5.5] Maximum redshift of this bin 10- 12 F3.1 --- zmax [0.4/6.5] Minimum redshift of this bin 14- 18 I5 --- NqsoSel [66.0/10478.0] Selected number of QSOs 20- 23 I4 --- Nqso [66.0/8419.0] Total number of QSOs 25- 30 F6.2 --- log10phi [-10.7/-5.7] Amplitude, log_10_(phi_star) (1) 32- 35 F4.2 --- E_log10phi [0.0/0.8] upper error on log_10_(phi_star) (1) 37- 40 F4.2 --- e_log10phi [0.0/1.2] lower error on log_10_(phi_star) (1) 42- 46 F5.2 mag M* [21.3/29.2] Break magnitude, M* 48- 51 F4.2 mag E_M* [0.0/1.1] upper error on M* 53- 56 F4.2 mag e_M* [0.0/1.9] lower error on M* 58- 61 F4.2 --- alpha [2.7/5.1] Bright-end slope alpha 63- 66 F4.2 --- E_alpha [0.0/1.3] upper error on alpha 68- 71 F4.2 --- e_alpha [0.0/1.4] lower error on alpha 73- 76 F4.2 --- beta [1.05/2.4] Faint-end slope beta 78- 81 F4.2 --- E_beta [0.0/0.3] upper error on beta 83- 86 F4.2 --- e_beta [0.0/0.3] lower error on beta -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): phi_star is in units of 1/mag/cMpc^3^ where cMpc is comoving megaparsec. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 3 A3 --- Param Parameter name 5- 12 F8.3 --- Model1 [-17.2/141.9] Value of parameter in Model 1 14- 21 F8.5 --- E_Model1 [0.0/31.6] Upper error on value of parameter in Model 1 23- 29 F7.5 --- e_Model1 [0.0/8.9] Lower error on value of parameter in Model 1 31- 37 F7.3 --- Model2 [-15.5/12.6] Value of parameter in Model 2 39- 43 F5.3 --- E_Model2 [0.0/7.4] Upper error on value of parameter in Model 2 45- 49 F5.3 --- e_Model2 [0.0/3.7] Lower error on value of parameter in Model 2 51- 57 A7 --- Model3 Value of parameter in Model 3 59- 63 A5 --- E_Model3 Upper error on value of parameter in Model 3 65- 69 A5 --- e_Model3 Lower error on value of parameter in Model 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled1.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 4 F4.2 --- z [0.3/6.0] Mean QSO redshift in this bin 6- 8 F3.1 --- zmin [0.1/5.5] Maximum redshift of this bin 10- 12 F3.1 --- zmax [0.4/6.5] Minimum redshift of this bin 14- 18 F5.2 --- loge912-18 [0.4/14.3] log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 20- 23 F4.2 --- E_loge912-18 [0.0/2.8] Upper error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 25- 28 F4.2 --- e_loge912-18 [0.0/2.7] Lower error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 30- 34 F5.2 --- loge1450-18 [0.5/19] log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 36- 39 F4.2 --- E_loge1450-18 [0.0/3.1] Upper error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 41- 44 F4.2 --- e_loge1450-18 [0.0/3.4] Lower error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 46- 49 F4.2 --- loge912-21 [0.2/9.4] log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 51- 54 F4.2 --- E_loge912-21 [0.0/0.8] Upper error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 56- 59 F4.2 --- e_loge912-21 [0.0/0.8] Lower error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 61- 65 F5.2 --- loge1450-21 [0.2/12.5] log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) 67- 70 F4.2 --- E_loge1450-21 [0.0/1.1] Upper error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 72- 75 F4.2 --- e_loge1450-21 [0.0/1.1] Lower error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: tabled2.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 4 F4.1 --- z [0.0/15.0] Redshift 6- 10 F5.2 --- loge1450-18 [16.5/25.3] log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 12- 15 F4.2 --- E_loge1450-18 [0.0/2.5] upper error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 17- 20 F4.2 --- e_loge1450-18 [0.0/2.2] lower error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 22- 26 F5.2 --- loge1450-21 [15.1/25.1] log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 28- 31 F4.2 --- E_loge1450-21 [0.0/1.6] upper error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 33- 36 F4.2 --- e_loge1450-21 [0.0/2.3] lower error on log_10_(1450{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 38- 42 F5.2 --- loge912-18 [16.3/25.1] log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 44- 47 F4.2 --- E_loge912-18 [0.0/2.5] upper error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 49- 52 F4.2 --- e_loge912-18 [0.0/2.2] lower error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-18) (G1) 54- 58 F5.2 --- loge912-21 [15.0/25.0] log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 60- 63 F4.2 --- E_loge912-21 [0.0/1.6] upper error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 65- 68 F4.2 --- e_loge912-21 [0.0/2.3] lower error on log_10_(912{AA} comoving emissivity of QSOs with M1450<-21) (G1) 70- 75 F6.2 [s-1] log10GammaHI-18 [-26.5/-11.9] log_10_(hydrogen photoionization rate contributed by QSOs with M1450<-18) 77- 80 F4.2 [s-1] E_log10GammaHI-18 [0.0/2.5] upper error on log_10_( hydrogen photoionization rate contributed by QSOs with M1450<-18) 82- 85 F4.2 [s-1] e_log10GammaHI-18 [0.0/2.2] lower error on log_10_( hydrogen photoionization rate contributed by QSOs with M1450<-18) 87- 92 F6.2 [s-1] log10GammaHI-21 [-27.8/-12.0] log_10_(hydrogen photoionization rate contributed by QSOs with M1450<-21) 94- 97 F4.2 [s-1] E_log10GammaHI-21 [0.0/1.6] upper error on log_10_( hydrogen photoionization rate contributed by QSOs with M1450<-21) 99-102 F4.2 [s-1] e_log10GammaHI-21 [0.0/2.3] lower error on log_10_( hydrogen photoionization rate contributed by QSOs with M1450<-21) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Global notes: Note (G1): Comoving emissivity values are in erg/s/Hz/cMpc^3^, where cMpc is comoving megaparsecs. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Girish Kulkarn, kulkarni(at)theory.tifr.res.in ================================================================================ (End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 04-Jul-2019