J/ApJ/924/69 Energies of X-ray plateaus and flares in GRBs (Yi+, 2022) ================================================================================ Statistical analyses of the energies of X-ray plateaus and flares in gamma-ray bursts. Yi S.-X., Du M., Liu T. =2022ApJ...924...69Y ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: GRB; Redshifts; X-ray sources; Energy distributions Keywords: Gamma-ray bursts ; Black holes ; Neutron stars ; Accretion ; Magnetars Abstract: Distinct X-ray plateau and flare phases have been observed in the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and most of them should be related to central engine activities. In this paper, we collect 174 GRBs with X-ray plateau phases and 106 GRBs with X-ray flares. There are 51 GRBs that overlap in the two selected samples. We analyze the distributions of the proportions of the plateau energy Eplateau and the flare energy E_flare_ relative to the isotropic prompt emission energy E_{gamma},iso_. The results indicate that they well meet the Gaussian distributions and the medians of the logarithmic ratios are ~-0.96 and -1.39 in the two cases. Moreover, strong positive correlations between E_plateau_ (or E_flare_) and E_{gamma},iso_ with slopes of ~0.95 (or ~0.80) are presented. For the overlapping sample, the slope is ~0.80. We argue that most of X-ray plateaus and flares might have the same physical origin but appear with different features because of the different circumstances and radiation mechanisms. We also test the applicabilities of two models, i.e., black holes surrounded by fractured hyperaccretion disks and millisecond magnetars, on the origins of X-ray plateaus and flares. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table1.dat 40 174 Data of GRBs with X-ray plateaus table2.dat 41 106 Data of GRBs with X-ray flares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: J/MNRAS/418/2202 : Analysis of {gamma}-ray bursts (Dainotti+, 2011) J/ApJ/774/157 : Swift GRBs with X-ray afterglows and z<9.5 (Dainotti+, 2013) J/ApJ/787/66 : Burst duration measurements for a GRB sample (Zhang+, 2014) J/ApJS/227/7 : Long & short GRBs with host galaxies data (Li+, 2016) J/ApJS/224/20 : 10yr of Swift/XRT obs. of GRBs (Yi+, 2016) J/ApJ/852/53 : Early X-ray flares in GRBs (Ruffini+, 2018) J/ApJS/248/21 : Swift long gamma-ray bursts (Hao+, 2020) J/MNRAS/492/1919 : Type I GRBs & the new classification method (Minaev+, 2020) Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB identifier 9 A1 --- f_GRB [b] Indicates overlapping data in GRB 11- 17 F7.5 --- z [0.036/8] Spectroscopic redshift 19- 25 F7.3 10+44J E [0.004/295.2] Isotropic energy of prompt emission; 1e+51erg 27- 32 F6.3 10+44J e_E [0.001/20.4]? Uncertainty in E 34- 40 F7.3 10+43J Eplat [0.001/806.1] Plateau phase energy; 1e+50erg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 7 A7 --- GRB GRB identifier 9 A1 --- f_GRB [b] Indicates overlapping data in GRB 11- 16 F6.4 --- z [0.25/8] Spectroscopic redshift 18- 25 F8.3 10+44J E [0.016/2171] Isotropic energy of prompt emission; 1e+51erg 27- 33 F7.3 10+44J e_E [0.003/139]? Uncertainty in E 35- 41 F7.3 10+43J Eflare [0.026/985] Flare energy; 1e+50erg -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- History: From electronic version of the journal ================================================================================ (End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 14-Aug-2023