J/ApJS/284/5 Spectroscopic multiple-star syst. from LAMOST DR10 (Han+, 2026) ================================================================================ Searching for spectroscopic multiple-star systems in the LAMOST Medium- Resolution Spectroscopic survey. Han Y., Li K., Gao X. =2026ApJS..284....5H ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: Spectra, optical; Surveys; Binaries, spectroscopic; Radial velocities Keywords: Spectroscopic binary stars ; Binary stars ; Catalogs ; Radial velocity Abstract: We employed the Gaussian decomposition package Gausspy+ (Riener+ 2019A&A...628A..78R) to autonomously identify multipeak features in the cross-correlation functions (CCFs) of spectra from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Medium-Resolution Survey (MRS), enabling the detection of single-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB1s), double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s), and spectroscopic triples (STs). By providing Gausspy+ with training spectra exhibiting single-, double-, and triple-peak CCFs, we derived optimal fitting parameters suited to the dataset. To ensure the reliability of the fits, we established selection criteria for exposures showing double- or triple-peak CCFs based on statistical analysis of the test sample. Combining visual screening with our testing sets, the accuracy for SB2 identification reached 95.7%, while the accuracy for ST identification reached 98.6%. Applying this method to nearly 450,000 LAMOST DR10 targets, we identified 15,887 SB 2 candidates and 8771 ST candidates. In addition, we analyzed 903 targets that exhibit significant radial velocity (RV) variations but whose CCFs only show a single peak. For these objects, we performed orbital parameter inference using The Joker, and identified 294 SB1 candidates with periodic RV variations. Notably, among the identified candidates, 65.3% of SB2s, 93.9% of STs, and 93.9% of SB1s are newly discovered systems, substantially expanding the census of spectroscopic multiple systems in the LAMOST MRS dataset. Furthermore, we also provide orbital solutions for 334 SB2 systems. For ST systems, we identified 46 hierarchical triple systems and obtained their orbital solutions. These results further enrich the characterization of multiple star systems in the LAMOST MRS dataset. Description: The spectral data used in this paper are from the Medium-Resolution Survey (MRS) in LAMOST Data Release 10 (DR10), version v1.0. LAMOST-MRS began its test observations in 2017 September and officially launched its survey in 2018 October, with a resolution of approximately R~7500. LAMOST-MRS surveys include blue and red arms, with the blue-arm covering wavelengths ranging from 4950-5350{AA}, and the red arm covering wavelengths ranging from 6300-6800{AA}. As of 2022 June, the LAMOST DR10 MRS dataset has accumulated over 10.48 million medium-resolution spectra, covering a wide area of the northern sky. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . This file table3.dat 141 49889 SB2 candidates from LAMOST-MRS DR10 table4.dat 160 33560 Spectroscopic triple (ST) candidates from LAMOST-MRS DR10 table5.dat 87 294 SB1 candidates table6.dat 90 351 Other SB2 and hierarchical triple (HT) system candidates table7.dat 85 29 Orbital parameters of SB2 candidates with Periods>=200days -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: B/sb9 : SB9: 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2004-2014) I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022) I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022) V/162 : LAMOST DR11 catalogs (Luo+, 2026) J/AJ/140/184 : RAVE double-lined spectroscopic binaries (Matijevic+, 2010) J/A+A/608/A95 : GES: multi-line sp. binary candidates (Merle+, 2017) J/AJ/158/155 : SB candidates from the RAVE & Gaia DR2 surveys (Birko+, 2019) J/A+A/638/A145 : GALAH survey. FGK binary stars (Traven+, 2020) J/AJ/162/184 : APOGEE: radial velocities of binaries (Kounkel+, 2021) J/ApJS/258/26 : Spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST MRS. I. (Zhang+, 2022) J/ApJS/269/41 : New SB1s with sp. orbits from LAMOST DR8 LRS (Chen+, 2023) J/ApJS/266/18 : Double-line spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST (Zheng+, 2023) J/MNRAS/527/521 : SB2s in LAMOST-MRS (Kovalev+, 2024) J/ApJS/278/46 : Orbits of 665 SB2s in Lamost-MRS (Guo+, 2025) J/ApJS/277/15 : Binary stars from LRS LAMOST DR10 & Gaia DR3 (Jing+, 2025) J/ApJS/276/11 : Spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST MRS DR9 (Li+, 2025) J/A+A/693/A289 : Gaia-ESO survey sp. binaries (Van der Swaelmen+, 2025) J/ApJS/282/55 : Single-lined sp. binaries from LAMOST DR11 (Ye+, 2026) http://lamost.org/ : LAMOST homepage Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID 17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000) 24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-10/85] Declination (J2000) 30- 71 A42 --- spID LAMOST spectral name (1) 73- 80 I8 --- Epoch [83555758/86021444] Epoch 82- 88 I7 d HJD [2458025/2459737] Heliocentric Julian Date 90- 95 F6.2 --- SNR [10/370] Signal-to-noise ratio 97-103 F7.2 km/s RVel1 [-800/375] Radial velocity of primary component 105-110 F6.2 km/s e_RVel1 [0.4/468] Uncertainty in RVel1 112-118 F7.2 km/s RVel2 [-605/794] Radial velocity of secondary component 120-125 F6.2 km/s e_RVel2 [0.6/707] Uncertainty in RVel2 127-129 I3 --- N [1/111] Number of exposures 131-135 F5.2 mas plx [-4.1/33]? Gaia DR3 parallax 137-141 F5.2 mag Gmag [7/20.6]? Gaia DR3 G-band apparent magnitude -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): LAMOST spectral name is the FITS file name of the spectrum using the format "med-MMMMM-YYYY_spXX-FFF.fits". Here, "MMMMM" is a non-negative integer representing the Modified Julian Day, "YYYY" is the sky region identifier, "XX" is an integer between 1 and 16 denoting the spectrograph number, and "FFF" is an integer between 1 and 250 indicating the fiber number within each spectrograph. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID 17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000) 24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-10/85] Declination (J2000) 30- 71 A42 --- spID LAMOST spectral name (1) 73- 80 I8 --- Epoch [83555758/86021444] Epoch 82- 88 I7 d HJD [2458025/2459737] Heliocentric Julian Date 90- 95 F6.2 --- SNR [10/300] Signal-to-noise ratio 97-103 F7.2 km/s RVel1 [-800/558] Radial velocity of primary component 105-111 F7.2 km/s e_RVel1 [0/4911] Uncertainty in RVel1 113-119 F7.2 km/s RVel2 [-696/710] Radial velocity of secondary component 121-127 F7.2 km/s e_RVel2 [0/4596] Uncertainty in RVel2 129-135 F7.2 km/s RVel3 [-503/798] Radial velocity of tertiary component 137-143 F7.2 km/s e_RVel3 [0/6185] Uncertainty in RVel3 145-147 I3 --- N [1/117] Number of exposures 149-154 F6.2 mas plx [-3.91/115]? Gaia DR3 parallax 156-160 F5.2 mag Gmag [8.49/18.8]? Gaia DR3 G-band apparent magnitude -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): LAMOST spectral name is the FITS file name of the spectrum using the format "med-MMMMM-YYYY_spXX-FFF.fits". Here, "MMMMM" is a non-negative integer representing the Modified Julian Day, "YYYY" is the sky region identifier, "XX" is an integer between 1 and 16 denoting the spectrograph number, and "FFF" is an integer between 1 and 250 indicating the fiber number within each spectrograph. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID 17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000) 24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-7/71.1] Declination (J2000) 30- 35 F6.2 km/s dRVel [50/224] Difference in maximum apparent radial velocity 37- 42 F6.2 d Per [0.27/674.2] Orbital period 44- 47 F4.2 --- e [0/0.78] Eccentricity 49- 55 F7.2 km/s K [-155/188] Radial velocity semi-amplitude 57- 61 F5.2 rad omega [-3.14/3.13] Argument of periastron 63- 67 F5.2 rad M0 [-3.13/3.12] Mean anomaly at reference epoch 69- 75 F7.2 km/s v0 [-173/292] Systemic velocity 77- 81 F5.2 mas plx [-0.6/10.4] Gaia DR3 parallax 83- 87 F5.2 mag Gmag [10.14/20.16] Gaia DR3 G-band apparent magnitude -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID 17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg [4.17/359] Right ascension (J2000) 24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-6.6/70] Declination (J2000) 30- 35 F6.2 d Per [0.3/197.5] Orbital period 37- 40 F4.2 --- e [0/0.91] Eccentricity 42- 48 F7.2 km/s K1 [-213/1051] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of primary component 50- 56 F7.2 km/s K2 [-209/1102] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of secondary component 58- 62 F5.2 rad omega [-3.14/3.1] Argument of periastron 64- 68 F5.2 rad M0 [-3.13/3.1] Mean anomaly at reference epoch 70- 76 F7.2 km/s v0 [-260/78] Systemic velocity 78- 81 F4.2 --- q [0.02/1.16] Mass ratio 83- 86 F4.2 mag Delmag [0/2.5] Magnitude difference 88- 90 A3 --- Type Classification of candidate (1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): Classification as follows: SB2 = SB2 candidate with orbital period shorter than 200 days; HT = hierarchical triple star system candidate. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID 17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg [5.4/359] Right ascension (J2000) 24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [11.7/69] Declination (J2000) 30- 35 F6.2 d Per [202.4/746.3] Orbital period 37- 40 F4.2 --- e [0/0.35] Eccentricity 42- 48 F7.2 km/s K1 [-101/114] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of primary component 50- 56 F7.2 km/s K2 [-102/118] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of secondary component 58- 62 F5.2 rad omega [-2.9/2.8] Argument of periastron 64- 68 F5.2 rad M0 [-3/3.11] Mean anomaly at reference epoch 70- 75 F6.2 km/s v0 [-68/60.3] Systemic velocity 77- 80 F4.2 --- q [0.2/1] Mass ratio 82- 85 F4.2 mag Delmag [0/1.4] Magnitude difference -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: Kai LI [kaili _at_ sdu.edu.cn] History: From electronic version of the journal for Tables 1-6 * Table 7 sent by the author License: CC-BY-4.0 ================================================================================ (End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 04-Sep-2026